pythonrequest教程_Python request操作步骤及代码实例

操作步骤

A.cmd输入：pip install requests，安装requests

B.py文件导入：import requests

C.get

调用get： r = requests.get(url)

断言：self.assertEqual(r.status_code, 200)

说明：status_code为状态返回值，如200表示访问成功

D.post

入参为json格式需要把字典转成json格式： json_data =json.dumps({"usename": "test","password" : "123456"}) ，

请求报头为json格式：self.json_headers= {"content-type": "application/json"}

调用post(请求与返回都是josn格式)：

r = requests.post(url,data=json_data,headers=self.json_headers)

如果返回内容为：[{"name": "zhangshan", "age": "18"}, {"name": "lisi", "age": "29"}]

断言1：self.assertEqual(r.json()[0]["name"], "zhangshan") ，说明r.json()转成list，list里面是字典，取list[0]第一个值，取字典key值["name"]

如果返回内容：{"success": "true", "msg": "chengong"}

断言2：self.assertEqual(r.json()["success"], "true")，说明r.json()转成字典，取字典key值["success"]

config.json 配置文件内容：

[

{

"request" :

{

"method": "post",

"uri" : "/login",

"file": {

"json": "user.json"

}

},

"response" :

{

"json": {"success": "true","msg": "chengong"}

}

},

{

"request" :

{

"method": "post",

"uri" : "/data"

},

"response" :

{

"file" : "data.json"

}

},

{

"request" :

{

"method": "get",

"uri" : "/home"

},

"response" :

{

"text" : {

"template": "true"

}

}

}

]

data.json 返回值文件内容：

[

{

"name": "zhangshan",

"age": "18"

},

{

"name": "lisi",

"age": "29"

}

]

user.json 入参文件内容：

{

"usename": "test",

"password" : "123456"

}

python文件“login.py”内容：

#!/usr/bin/python3

# encoding:utf-8

import unittest

import requests

import json

class login(unittest.TestCase):

def setUp(self):

self.d ="http://127.0.0.1:9999"

self.json_headers= {"content-type": "application/json"}

def tearDown(self):

pass

def test_gethome(self):

url = self.url("/home")#http://127.0.0.1:9999/home

r = requests.get(url)

self.assertEqual(r.text, "true")

self.assertEqual(r.status_code, 200)

def test_postlogin(self):

url= self.url("/login")

json_data =json.dumps({"usename": "test","password" : "123456"})

r = requests.post(url,data=json_data,headers=self.json_headers)

#{"success": "true", "msg": "chengong"}

self.assertEqual(r.json()["success"], "true")

def test_postdata(self):

url= self.url("/data")

r = requests.post(url,data={},headers=self.json_headers)

print(len(r.json()))#r.josn返回list，长度2

#[{"name": "zhangshan", "age": "18"}, {"name": "lisi", "age": "29"}]

self.assertEqual(r.json()[0]["name"], "zhangshan")

self.assertEqual(r.json()[-1]["age"],"29")

def url(self,path):

return self.d + path

if __name__=="__main__":

unittest.main()

运行结果

.2

...

.----------------------------------------------------------------------

.Ran 3 tests in 0.036s

.

.OK

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