python中find函数忽略大小写_Python字符串内置（内置）函数——case、remove spaces、join、find、index,内建函数,大小写,去,空格,joinfindindex...-CSDN博客

声明一个字符串，默认可以调用内置函数

大小写相关的内置函数：

capitalize() , title() , upper() , lower()

message = 'tracy is a beautiful girl'

msg= message.capitalize()

print(msg)

msg= message.title()

print(msg)

result= msg.istitle()

print(result)

msg= message.upper()

print(msg)

msg= message.lower()

print(msg)

output:

Tracy is a beautiful girl

Tracy Is A Beautiful Girl

True

TRACY IS A BEAUTIFUL GIRL

tracy is a beautiful girl

应用举例：生成四位随机验证码（）

s = 'qwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmQWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM'

code = ''

import random

for i in range(4):

ran = random.randint(0,len(s)-1)

code += s[ran]

print('验证码：'+code)

user_input = input('请输入验证码：')

if user_input.lower() == code.lower():

print('验证码输入正确！')

else:

print('验证码错误！')

output

验证码：SuoC

请输入验证码：suoc

验证码输入正确！

查找及替换相关内置函数：

find() , rfind() , lfind() , index() , lindex() , replace()

s1 = 'index tracy is lucky girl'

result = 'R' in s1

print(result)

#'R'不在字符串s1中，返回结果False

False

s1 = 'index tracy is lucky girl'

position = s1.find('R')

print(position)

# 返回值为-1，则代表没有找到

-1

s1 = 'index tracy is lucky girl'

position = s1.find('l')

print(position)

# 如果可以找到，则返回字母第一次出现的位置

s1 = 'index tracy is lucky girl'

position = s1.find('r',position+1,len(s1)-5)

print(position)

# 指定开始位置查找

ur1 = 'http://www.baidu.com/img/bd_logo1.png'

p = ur1.rfind('/')

print(p)

filename = ur1[p+1:]

print(filename)

p1 = ur1.rfind('.')

kz = ur1[p1+1:]

print(kz)

# rfind() 从右侧开始查找

bd_logo1.png

png

‘’‘

index(str,beg=0,end=len(string))

跟find方法一样，str不在字符串中会报一个异常

’‘’

p = 'hello'.index(X)

NameError Traceback (most recent call last)

----> 1 p = ‘hello’.index(X)

NameError: name ‘X’ is not defined

s1 = 'tracy is lucky girl'

s2 = s1.replace(' ','#')

print(s2)

tracy#is#lucky#girl

s1 = 'tracy is lucky girl'

s2 = s1.replace(' ','#',2)

print(s2)

# 可以指定替换次数

tracy#is#lucky girl

编码/解码函数：encode() 编码 , decode() 解码,

gbk 中文编码 , gb2312 简体中文编码

msg = '上课啦！认真听讲！'

result = msg.encode('utf-8')

print(result)

m = result.decode('utf-8')

print(m)

b’\xe4\xb8\x8a\xe8\xaf\xbe\xe5\x95\xa6\xef\xbc\x81\xe8\xae\xa4\xe7\x9c\x9f\xe5\x90\xac\xe8\xae\xb2\xef\xbc\x81’

上课啦！认真听讲！

字符串开始/结束：startswith(), endswith() 函数返回值为布尔类型

filename = '笔记.doc'

result = filename.endswith('.doc')

print(result)

True

s = 'hello'

result = s.startswith('he')

print(result)

True

# 应用举例：文件上传类型只能上传图片（jpg,png,bmp,gif）

path = input('请选择文件：')

p = path.rfind('\\')

filename = path[p+1:]

print(p,filename)

if filename.endswith('jpg') or filename.endswith('png') or filename.endswith('bmp') or filename.endswith('gif'):

print('是图片允许上传')

else:

print('不是图片格式，只能上传图片！')

请选择文件：C:\user\desk\background.png

12 background.png

是图片允许上传

isalpha() 是否是字母 isdigit() 是否是数字

s = 'abcd'

result = s.isalpha()

print(result)

True

s = '686'

result = s.isdigit()

print(result)

True

# 应用举例：计算3个数字的累加结果

sum = 0

i = 1

while i <= 3:

num = input('请输入数字')

if num.isdigit():

num = int(num)

sum += num

print('第{}个数字累加成功！'.format(i))

i += 1

else:

print('不是数字!')

print('sum=',sum)

请输入数字ee

不是数字!

请输入数字3

第1个数字累加成功！

请输入数字4

第2个数字累加成功！

请输入数字56

第3个数字累加成功！

sum= 63

字符串内置函数：join()

new_str = '-'.join('abc')

print(new_str)

a-b-c

list1 = ['a','v','o','9']

result = ''.join(list1)

print(result)

avo9

字符串去空格函数：strip() , lstrip() , rstrip()

s = ' hello '

s = s.strip()

print(s+'Y')

helloY

s = ' hello '

s = s.lstrip()

print(s+'Y')

hello Y

s = ' hello world ; hello kitty '

s = s.strip()

print(s)

hello world ; hello kitty

分割字符串：split()

s = 'hello world hello kitty'

result = s.split(' ')

print(result)

n = s.count(' ')

print('个数',n)

[‘hello’, ‘world’, ‘hello’, ‘kitty’]

个数 3

s = 'hello world hello kitty'

result = s.split(' ',2)

print(result)

[‘hello’, ‘world’, ‘hello kitty’]