mysql创建视图于基表,MySQL创建视图（CREATE VIEW）

MySQL

基本语法

CREATE VIEW AS ：指定视图的名称。该名称在数据库中必须是唯一的，不能与其他表或视图同名。

：指定创建视图的 SELECT 语句，可用于查询多个基础表或源视图。

用户除了拥有 CREATE VIEW 权限外，还具有操作中涉及的基础表和其他视图的相关权限。

SELECT 语句不能引用系统或用户变量。

SELECT 语句不能包含 FROM 子句中的子查询。

SELECT 语句不能引用预处理语句参数。

创建基于单表的视图

mysql> SELECT * FROM tb_students_info;

+----+--------+---------+------+------+--------+------------+

| id | name | dept_id | age | sex | height | login_date |

+----+--------+---------+------+------+--------+------------+

| 1 | Dany | 1 | 25 | F | 160 | 2015-09-10 |

| 2 | Green | 3 | 23 | F | 158 | 2016-10-22 |

| 3 | Henry | 2 | 23 | M | 185 | 2015-05-31 |

| 4 | Jane | 1 | 22 | F | 162 | 2016-12-20 |

| 5 | Jim | 1 | 24 | M | 175 | 2016-01-15 |

| 6 | John | 2 | 21 | M | 172 | 2015-11-11 |

| 7 | Lily | 6 | 22 | F | 165 | 2016-02-26 |

| 8 | Susan | 4 | 23 | F | 170 | 2015-10-01 |

| 9 | Thomas | 3 | 22 | M | 178 | 2016-06-07 |

| 10 | Tom | 4 | 23 | M | 165 | 2016-08-05 |

+----+--------+---------+------+------+--------+------------+

10 rows in set (0.00 sec)mysql> CREATE VIEW view_students_info

-> AS SELECT * FROM tb_students_info;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> SELECT * FROM view_students_info;

+----+--------+---------+------+------+--------+------------+

| id | name | dept_id | age | sex | height | login_date |

+----+--------+---------+------+------+--------+------------+

| 1 | Dany | 1 | 25 | F | 160 | 2015-09-10 |

| 2 | Green | 3 | 23 | F | 158 | 2016-10-22 |

| 3 | Henry | 2 | 23 | M | 185 | 2015-05-31 |

| 4 | Jane | 1 | 22 | F | 162 | 2016-12-20 |

| 5 | Jim | 1 | 24 | M | 175 | 2016-01-15 |

| 6 | John | 2 | 21 | M | 172 | 2015-11-11 |

| 7 | Lily | 6 | 22 | F | 165 | 2016-02-26 |

| 8 | Susan | 4 | 23 | F | 170 | 2015-10-01 |

| 9 | Thomas | 3 | 22 | M | 178 | 2016-06-07 |

| 10 | Tom | 4 | 23 | M | 165 | 2016-08-05 |

+----+--------+---------+------+------+--------+------------+

10 rows in set (0.04 sec)

mysql> CREATE VIEW v_students_info

-> (s_id,s_name,d_id,s_age,s_sex,s_height,s_date)

-> AS SELECT id,name,dept_id,age,sex,height,login_date

-> FROM tb_students_info;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec)

mysql> SELECT * FROM v_students_info;

+------+--------+------+-------+-------+----------+------------+

| s_id | s_name | d_id | s_age | s_sex | s_height | s_date |

+------+--------+------+-------+-------+----------+------------+

| 1 | Dany | 1 | 24 | F | 160 | 2015-09-10 |

| 2 | Green | 3 | 23 | F | 158 | 2016-10-22 |

| 3 | Henry | 2 | 23 | M | 185 | 2015-05-31 |

| 4 | Jane | 1 | 22 | F | 162 | 2016-12-20 |

| 5 | Jim | 1 | 24 | M | 175 | 2016-01-15 |

| 6 | John | 2 | 21 | M | 172 | 2015-11-11 |

| 7 | Lily | 6 | 22 | F | 165 | 2016-02-26 |

| 8 | Susan | 4 | 23 | F | 170 | 2015-10-01 |

| 9 | Thomas | 3 | 22 | M | 178 | 2016-06-07 |

| 10 | Tom | 4 | 23 | M | 165 | 2016-08-05 |

+------+--------+------+-------+-------+----------+------------+

10 rows in set (0.01 sec)

创建基于多表的视图

mysql> CREATE VIEW v_students_info

-> (s_id,s_name,d_id,s_age,s_sex,s_height,s_date)

-> AS SELECT id,name,dept_id,age,sex,height,login_date

-> FROM tb_students_info;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec)

mysql> SELECT * FROM v_students_info;

+------+--------+------+-------+-------+----------+------------+

| s_id | s_name | d_id | s_age | s_sex | s_height | s_date |

+------+--------+------+-------+-------+----------+------------+

| 1 | Dany | 1 | 24 | F | 160 | 2015-09-10 |

| 2 | Green | 3 | 23 | F | 158 | 2016-10-22 |

| 3 | Henry | 2 | 23 | M | 185 | 2015-05-31 |

| 4 | Jane | 1 | 22 | F | 162 | 2016-12-20 |

| 5 | Jim | 1 | 24 | M | 175 | 2016-01-15 |

| 6 | John | 2 | 21 | M | 172 | 2015-11-11 |

| 7 | Lily | 6 | 22 | F | 165 | 2016-02-26 |

| 8 | Susan | 4 | 23 | F | 170 | 2015-10-01 |

| 9 | Thomas | 3 | 22 | M | 178 | 2016-06-07 |

| 10 | Tom | 4 | 23 | M | 165 | 2016-08-05 |

+------+--------+------+-------+-------+----------+------------+

10 rows in set (0.01 sec)

查询视图

使用视图重新格式化检索出的数据。

使用视图简化复杂的表连接。

使用视图过滤数据。

DESCRIBE 视图名；mysql> DESCRIBE v_students_info;

+----------+---------------+------+-----+------------+-------+

| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |

+----------+---------------+------+-----+------------+-------+

| s_id | int(11) | NO | | 0 | |

| s_name | varchar(45) | YES | | NULL | |

| d_id | int(11) | YES | | NULL | |

| s_age | int(11) | YES | | NULL | |

| s_sex | enum('M','F') | YES | | NULL | |

| s_height | int(11) | YES | | NULL | |

| s_date | date | YES | | 2016-10-22 | |

+----------+---------------+------+-----+------------+-------+

7 rows in set (0.04 sec)注意：DESCRIBE 一般情况下可以简写成 DESC，输入这个命令的执行结果和输入 DESCRIBE 是一样的。