I'm writing in Python 3.3.
I have a set of nested dictionaries (shown below) and am trying to search using a key at the lowest level and return each of the values that correspond to the second level.
Patients = {}
Patients['PatA'] = {'c101':'AT', 'c367':'CA', 'c542':'GA'}
Patients['PatB'] = {'c101':'AC', 'c367':'CA', 'c573':'GA'}
Patients['PatC'] = {'c101':'AT', 'c367':'CA', 'c581':'GA'}
I'm trying to use a set of 'for loops' to search pull out the value attached to the c101 key in each Pat* dictionary nested under the main Patients dictionary.
This is what I have so far:
pat = 'PatA'
mutations = Patients[pat]
for Pat in Patients.keys(): #iterate over the Pat* dictionaries
for mut in Pat.keys(): #iterate over the keys in the Pat* dictionaries
if mut == 'c101': #when the key in a Pat* dictionary matches 'c101'
print(mut.values()) #print the value attached to the 'c101' key
I get the following error, suggesting that my for loop returns each value as a string and that this can't then be used as a dictionary key to pull out the value.
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "filename", line 13, in
for mut in Pat.keys():
AttributeError: 'str' object has no attribute 'keys'
I think I'm missing something obvious to do with the dictionaries class, but I can't quite tell what it is. I've had a look through this question, but I don't think its quite what I'm asking.
Any advice would be greatly appreciated.
解决方案
Patients.keys() gives you the list of keys in Patients dictionary (['PatA', 'PatC', 'PatB']) not the list of values hence the error. You can use dict.items to iterate over key: value pairs like this:
for patient, mutations in Patients.items():
if 'c101' in mutations.keys():
print(mutations['c101'])
To make your code working:
# Replace keys by value
for Pat in Patients.values():
# Iterate over keys from Pat dictionary
for mut in Pat.keys():
if mut == 'c101':
# Take value of Pat dictionary using
# 'c101' as a key
print(Pat['c101'])
If you want you can create list of mutations in simple one-liner:
[mutations['c101'] for p, mutations in Patients.items() if mutations.get('c101')]