I knocked up a quick random example similar to yours and experienced the same problem.
In the docstring it does say :
Performs hierarchical/agglomerative clustering on the
condensed distance matrix y. y must be a :math:{n \choose 2} sized
vector where n is the number of original observations paired
in the distance matrix.
However, having had a quick look at the code, it seems like the intent is for it to both work with vector shaped and matrix shaped code:
In hierachy.py there is a switch based upon the shape of the matrix.
It seems however that the key bit of info is in the function linkage's docstring:
- Q : ndarray
A condensed or redundant distance matrix. A condensed
distance matrix is a flat array containing the upper
triangular of the distance matrix. This is the form that
``pdist`` returns. Alternatively, a collection of
:math:`m` observation vectors in n dimensions may be passed as
a :math:`m` by :math:`n` array.
So I think that the interface doesn't allow the passing of a distance matrix.
Instead it thinks you are passing it m observation vectors in n dimensions .
Hence the difference in result?
Does that seem reasonable?
Else just take a look at the code itself I'm sure you'll be able to debug it and figure out why your examples are different.
Cheers
Matt