knn手写数字识别 java,knn--手写数字的识别

机器学习实战书上的Demo案例，很实用 直接上代码:

#!/usr/bin/python

#-*-coding:utf-8-*-

from numpy import *

import operator

from os import listdir

#knn算法,inX是测试数据，dataSet是训练数据,labels是标签,k是选取的

def classify0(inX, dataSet, labels, k):

#shape返回行列的大小，这里shape[0]将是行的大小

dataSetSize = dataSet.shape[0]

#这里的tile函数是重复的意思，整体重复.repeat是单个重复

#这里的作用是求差集

diffMat = tile(inX, (dataSetSize,1)) - dataSet

#差集的平方

sqDiffMat = diffMat**2

#平方和

sqDistances = sqDiffMat.sum(axis=1)

distances = sqDistances**0.5

#argsort()返回从小到大的索引，这样就在labels中找对应索引就可以了

sortedDistIndicies = distances.argsort()

classCount={}

//求最近的k个

for i in range(k):

voteIlabel = labels[sortedDistIndicies[i]]

classCount[voteIlabel] = classCount.get(voteIlabel,0) + 1

sortedClassCount = sorted(classCount.iteritems(), key=operator.itemgetter(1), reverse=True)

return sortedClassCount[0][0]

#图片转化为二进制

def img2vector(filename):

returnVect = zeros((1,1024))

fr = open(filename)

for i in range(32):

lineStr = fr.readline()

for j in range(32):

returnVect[0,32*i+j] = int(lineStr[j])

return returnVect

def handwritingClassTest():

hwLabels = []

#获取训炼数据文件列表

trainingFileList = listdir('trainingDigits')

#有多少个文件

m = len(trainingFileList)

#每个文件对应二维数组中的一行，每行是图片的二进制值

trainingMat = zeros((m,1024))

for i in range(m):

#由于数字直接是文件名的每一个数字，形如:4_5.txt,表示数字4的第5个训练数据

fileNameStr = trainingFileList[i]

fileStr = fileNameStr.split('.')[0]

#classNumstr是真实的数字

classNumStr = int(fileStr.split('_')[0])

hwLabels.append(classNumStr)

#添加图片的二进制到训练数据中

trainingMat[i,:] = img2vector('trainingDigits/%s' % fileNameStr)

testFileList = listdir('testDigits')

errorCount = 0.0

#处理测试数据

mTest = len(testFileList)

for i in range(mTest):

fileNameStr = testFileList[i]

fileStr = fileNameStr.split('.')[0]

classNumStr = int(fileStr.split('_')[0])

vectorUnderTest = img2vector('testDigits/%s' % fileNameStr)

#knn

classifierResult = classify0(vectorUnderTest, trainingMat, hwLabels, 3)

print "the classifier came back with: %d, the real answer is: %d" % (classifierResult, classNumStr)

if (classifierResult != classNumStr): errorCount += 1.0

print "\nthe total number of errors is: %d" % errorCount

print "\nthe total error rate is: %f" % (errorCount/float(mTest))

if __name__ == '__main__':

handwritingClassTest()