前言
Android运行在各种各样的设备中,有小屏幕的手机,超大屏的平板甚至电视。针对屏幕尺寸的差距,很多情况下,都是先针对手机开发一套App,然后拷贝一份,修改布局以适应平板神马超级大屏的。难道无法做到一个App可以同时适应手机和平板么,当然了,必须有啊。Fragment的出现就是为了解决这样的问题。
如今市面上的应用基本上都是单Activity+多Fragment实现的了,而这类APP都有在相互切换时不被回收,即切换回原来的Fragment时还是原先的状态,这就是这里要实现的了。
这里使用Fragment的add() 、show() 、hide()实现,即显示和隐藏,这样原来的Fragment就不会被销毁了。
二话不说,贴代码,代码是最好的老师。
示例代码(注释还算详细了)
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {
private ImageView ibOne;
private ImageView ibTwo;
private ImageView ibThree;
private FragmentManager mFm;
private ArrayList mFragmentList = new ArrayList();
private String[] mFragmentTagList = {"OneFragment", "TwoFragment", "ThreeFragment"};
private Fragment mCurrentFragmen = null; // 记录当前显示的Fragment
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
initView();
initData();
}
private void initData() {
OneFragment oneFragment = new OneFragment();
TwoFragment twoFragment = new TwoFragment();
ThreeFragment threeFragment = new ThreeFragment();
mFragmentList.add(0, oneFragment);
mFragmentList.add(1, twoFragment);
mFragmentList.add(2, threeFragment);
mCurrentFragmen = mFragmentList.get(0);
// 初始化首次进入时的Fragment
mFm = getFragmentManager();
FragmentTransaction transaction = mFm.beginTransaction();
transaction.add(R.id.fl_show, mCurrentFragmen, mFragmentTagList[0]);
transaction.commitAllowingStateLoss();
}
// findViewById
private void initView() {
ibOne = (ImageView)findViewById(R.id.ib_one);
ibTwo = (ImageView)findViewById(R.id.ib_two);
ibThree = (ImageView)findViewById(R.id.ib_three);
ibOne.setOnClickListener(this);
ibTwo.setOnClickListener(this);
ibThree.setOnClickListener(this);
}
@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
switch (view.getId()){
case R.id.ib_one:
switchFragment(mFragmentList.get(0), mFragmentTagList[0]);
break;
case R.id.ib_two:
switchFragment(mFragmentList.get(1), mFragmentTagList[1]);
break;
case R.id.ib_three:
switchFragment(mFragmentList.get(2), mFragmentTagList[2]);
break;
}
}
// 转换Fragment
void switchFragment(Fragment to, String tag){
if(mCurrentFragmen != to){
FragmentTransaction transaction = mFm.beginTransaction();
if(!to.isAdded()){
// 没有添加过:
// 隐藏当前的,添加新的,显示新的
transaction.hide(mCurrentFragmen).add(R.id.fl_show, to, tag).show(to);
}else{
// 隐藏当前的,显示新的
transaction.hide(mCurrentFragmen).show(to);
}
mCurrentFragmen = to;
transaction.commitAllowingStateLoss();
}
}
// 当activity非正常销毁时被调用
@Override
public void onSaveInstanceState(Bundle outState, PersistableBundle outPersistentState) {
super.onSaveInstanceState(outState, outPersistentState);
// 重置Fragment,防止当内存不足时导致Fragment重叠
updateFragment(outState);
}
// 重置Fragment
private void updateFragment(Bundle outState) {
mFm = getFragmentManager();
if(outState == null){
FragmentTransaction transaction = mFm.beginTransaction();
OneFragment oneFragment = new OneFragment();
mCurrentFragmen = oneFragment;
transaction.add(R.id.fl_show, oneFragment, mFragmentTagList[0]).commitAllowingStateLoss();
}else{
// 通过tag找到fragment并重置
OneFragment oneFragment = (OneFragment) mFm.findFragmentByTag(mFragmentTagList[0]);
TwoFragment twoFragment = (TwoFragment) mFm.findFragmentByTag(mFragmentTagList[1]);
ThreeFragment threeFragment = (ThreeFragment) mFm.findFragmentByTag(mFragmentTagList[2]);
mFm.beginTransaction().show(oneFragment).hide(twoFragment).hide(threeFragment);
}
}
}
我以前对于这种需求是在一个Activity中使用RelativeLayout,在其中加入多个布局(类似Fragment),当点击下方Tab时设置布局的visibility的,思想是一样的,但这样实现起来很是丑陋,所以不建议使用。
总结
以上就是这篇文章的全部内容了,希望本文的内容对大家的学习或者工作能带来一定的帮助,如果有疑问大家可以留言交流,谢谢大家对脚本之家的支持