很高兴为您解答。以下是使用
Flask框架搭建个人博客的源代码：
1. 首先，安装
Flask框架和其他必要的库：
```shell
pip install
Flask
pip install
Flask-WTF
pip install
Flask-Login
pip install
Flask-Bcrypt
pip install
Flask-Mail
pip install
Flask-Bootstrap
pip install
Flask-Moment
pip install
Flask-SQLAlchemy
```
2.
创建一个名为app.py的文件，并添加以下代码：
```python
from
flask import
Flask, render_template
from
flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
from
flask_bcrypt import Bcrypt
from
flask_login import LoginManager
from
flask_mail import Mail
from
flask_bootstrap import Bootstrap
from
flask_moment import Moment
app =
Flask(__name__)
app.config['SECRET_KEY'] = 'your_secret_key_here'
app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'] = 'sqlite:///site.db'
db = SQLAlchemy(app)
bcrypt = Bcrypt(app)
login_manager = LoginManager(app)
login_manager.login_view = 'login'
login_manager.login_message_category = 'info'
app.config['MAIL_SERVER'] = 'smtp.googlemail.com'
app.config['MAIL_PORT'] = 587
app.config['MAIL_USE_TLS'] = True
app.config['MAIL_USERNAME'] = 'your_email_here'
app.config['MAIL_PASSWORD'] = 'your_email_password_here'
mail = Mail(app)
bootstrap = Bootstrap(app)
moment = Moment(app)
from your_app_name_here import routes
```
3.
创建一个名为routes.py的文件，并添加以下代码：
```python
from
flask import render_template, url_for, flash, redirect
from your_app_name_here import app, db, bcrypt, mail
from your_app_name_here.forms import RegistrationForm, LoginForm, UpdateAccountForm, PostForm, RequestResetForm, ResetPasswordForm
from your_app_name_here.models import User, Post
from
flask_login import login_user, current_user, logout_user, login_required
from
flask_mail import Message
from PIL import Image
import secrets
import os
@app.route("/")
@app.route("/home")
def home():
page = request.args.get('page', 1, type=int)
posts = Post.query.order_by(Post.date_posted.desc()).paginate(page=page, per_page=5)
return render_template('home.html', posts=posts)
@app.route("/about")
def about():
return render_template('about.html', title='About')
@app.route("/register", methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def register():
if current_user.is_authenticated:
return redirect(url_for('home'))
form = RegistrationForm()
if form.validate_on_submit():
hashed_password = bcrypt.generate_password_hash(form.password.data).decode('utf-8')
user = User(username=form.username.data, email=form.email.data, password=hashed_password)
db.session.add(user)
db.session.commit()
flash('Your account has been created! You are now able to log in', 'success')
return redirect(url_for('login'))
return render_template('register.html', title='Register', form=form)
@app.route("/login", methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def login():
if current_user.is_authenticated:
return redirect(url_for('home'))
form = LoginForm()
if form.validate_on_submit():
user = User.query.filter_by(email=form.email.data).first()
if user and bcrypt.check_password_hash(user.password, form.password.data):
login_user(user, remember=form.remember.data)
next_page = request.args.get('next')
return redirect(next_page) if next_page else redirect(url_for('home'))
else:
flash('Login Unsuccessful. Please check email and password', 'danger')
return render_template('login.html', title='Login', form=form)
@app.route("/logout")
def logout():
logout_user()
return redirect(url_for('home'))
def save_picture(form_picture):
random_hex = secrets.token_hex(8)
_, f_ext = os.path.splitext(form_picture.filename)
picture_fn = random_hex + f_ext
picture_path = os.path.join(app.root_path, 'static/profile_pics', picture_fn)
output_size = (125, 125)
i = Image.open(form_picture)
i.thumbnail(output_size)
i.save(picture_path)
return picture_fn
@app.route("/account", methods=['GET', 'POST'])
@login_required
def account():
form = UpdateAccountForm()
if form.validate_on_submit():
if form.picture.data:
picture_file = save_picture(form.picture.data)
current_user.image_file = picture_file
current_user.username = form.username.data
current_user.email = form.email.data
db.session.commit()
flash('Your account has been updated!', 'success')
return redirect(url_for('account'))
elif request.method == 'GET':
form.username.data = current_user.username
form.email.data = current_user.email
image_file = url_for('static', filename='profile_pics/' + current_user.image_file)
return render_template('account.html', title='Account',
image_file=image_file, form=form)
@app.route("/post/new", methods=['GET', 'POST'])
@login_required
def new_post():
form = PostForm()
if form.validate_on_submit():
post = Post(title=form.title.data, content=form.content.data, author=current_user)
db.session.add(post)
db.session.commit()
flash('Your post has been created!', 'success')
return redirect(url_for('home'))
return render_template('create_post.html', title='New Post',
form=form, legend='New Post')
@app.route("/post/<int:post_id>")
def post(post_id):
post = Post.query.get_or_404(post_id)
return render_template('post.html', title=post.title, post=post)
@app.route("/post/<int:post_id>/update", methods=['GET', 'POST'])
@login_required
def update_post(post_id):
post = Post.query.get_or_404(post_id)
if post.author != current_user:
abort(403)
form = PostForm()
if form.validate_on_submit():
post.title = form.title.data
post.content = form.content.data
db.session.commit()
flash('Your post has been updated!', 'success')
return redirect(url_for('post', post_id=post.id))
elif request.method == 'GET':
form.title.data = post.title
form.content.data = post.content
return render_template('create_post.html', title='Update Post',
form=form, legend='Update Post')
@app.route("/post/<int:post_id>/delete", methods=['POST'])
@login_required
def delete_post(post_id):
post = Post.query.get_or_404(post_id)
if post.author != current_user:
abort(403)
db.session.delete(post)
db.session.commit()
flash('Your post has been deleted!', 'success')
return redirect(url_for('home'))
def send_reset_email(user):
token = user.get_reset_token()
msg = Message('Password Reset Request',
sender='
[email protected]',
recipients=[user.email])
msg.body = f'''To reset your password, visit the following link:
{url_for('reset_token', token=token, _external=True)}
If you did not make this request then simply ignore this email and no changes will be made.
'''
mail.send(msg)
@app.route("/reset_password", methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def reset_request():
if current_user.is_authenticated:
return redirect(url_for('home'))
form = RequestResetForm()
if form.validate_on_submit():
user = User.query.filter_by(email=form.email.data).first()
send_reset_email(user)
flash('An email has been sent with instructions to reset your password.', 'info')
return redirect(url_for('login'))
return render_template('reset_request.html', title='Reset Password', form=form)
@app.route("/reset_password/<token>", methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def reset_token(token):
if current_user.is_authenticated:
return redirect(url_for('home'))
user = User.verify_reset_token(token)
if user is None:
flash('That is an invalid or expired token', 'warning')
return redirect(url_for('reset_request'))
form = ResetPasswordForm()
if form.validate_on_submit():
hashed_password = bcrypt.generate_password_hash(form.password.data).decode('utf-8')
user.password = hashed_password
db.session.commit()
flash('Your password has been updated! You are now able to log in', 'success')
return redirect(url_for('login'))
return render_template('reset_token.html', title='Reset Password', form=form)
```
4.
创建一个名为models.py的文件，并添加以下代码：
```python
from datetime import datetime
from your_app_name_here import db, login_manager
from
flask_login import UserMixin
from itsdangerous import TimedJSONWebSignatureSerializer as Serializer
from
flask import current_app
@login_manager.user_loader
def load_user(user_id):
return User.query.get(int(user_id))
class User(db.Model, UserMixin):
id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
username = db.Column(db.String(20), unique=True, nullable=False)
email = db.Column(db.String(120), unique=True, nullable=False)
image_file = db.Column(db.String(20), nullable=False, default='default.jpg')
password = db.Column(db.String(60), nullable=False)
posts = db.relationship('Post', backref='author', lazy=True)
def get_reset_token(self, expires_sec=1800):
s = Serializer(current_app.config['SECRET_KEY'], expires_sec)
return s.dumps({'user_id': self.id}).decode('utf-8')
@staticmethod
def verify_reset_token(token):
s = Serializer(current_app.config['SECRET_KEY'])
try:
user_id = s.loads(token)['user_id']
except:
return None
return User.query.get(user_id)
def __repr__(self):
return f"User('{self.username}', '{self.email}', '{self.image_file}')"
class Post(db.Model):
id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
title = db.Column(db.String(100), nullable=False)
date_posted = db.Column(db.DateTime, nullable=False, default=datetime.utcnow)
content = db.Column(db.Text, nullable=False)
user_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey('user.id'), nullable=False)
def __repr__(self):
return f"Post('{self.title}', '{self.date_posted}')"
```
5.
创建一个名为forms.py的文件，并添加以下代码：
```python
from
flask_wtf import
FlaskForm
from
flask_wtf.file import FileField, FileAllowed
from
flask_login import current_user
from wtforms import StringField, PasswordField, SubmitField, BooleanField, TextAreaField
from wtforms.validators import DataRequired, Length, Email, EqualTo, ValidationError
from your_app_name_here.models import User
from
flask_wtf.recaptcha import RecaptchaField
class RegistrationForm(
FlaskForm):
username = StringField('Username',
validators=[DataRequired(), Length(min=2, max=20)])
email = StringField('Email',
validators=[DataRequired(), Email()])
password = PasswordField('Password', validators=[DataRequired()])
confirm_password = PasswordField('Confirm Password',
validators=[DataRequired(), EqualTo('password')])
recaptcha = RecaptchaField()
submit = SubmitField('Sign Up')
def validate_username(self, username):
user = User.query.filter_by(username=username.data).first()
if user:
raise ValidationError('That username is taken. Please choose a different one.')
def validate_email(self, email):
user = User.query.filter_by(email=email.data).first()
if user:
raise ValidationError('That email is taken. Please choose a different one.')
class LoginForm(
FlaskForm):
email = StringField('Email',
validators=[DataRequired(), Email()])
password = PasswordField('Password', validators=[DataRequired()])
remember = BooleanField('Remember Me')
submit = SubmitField('Login')
class UpdateAccountForm(
FlaskForm):
username = StringField('Username',
validators=[DataRequired(), Length(min=2, max=20)])
email = StringField('Email',
validators=[DataRequired(), Email()])
picture = FileField('Update Profile Picture', validators=[FileAllowed(['jpg', 'png'])])
submit = SubmitField('Update')
def validate_username(self, username):
if username.data != current_user.username:
user = User.query.filter_by(username=username.data).first()
if user:
raise ValidationError('That username is taken. Please choose a different one.')
def validate_email(self, email):
if email.data != current_user.email:
user = User.query.filter_by(email=email.data).first()
if user:
raise ValidationError('That email is taken. Please choose a different one.')
class PostForm(
FlaskForm):
title = StringField('Title', validators=[DataRequired()])
content = TextAreaField('Content', validators=[DataRequired()])
submit = SubmitField('Post')
class RequestResetForm(
FlaskForm):
email = StringField('Email',
validators=[DataRequired(), Email()])
submit = SubmitField('Request Password Reset')
def validate_email(self, email):
user = User.query.filter_by(email=email.data).first()
if user is None:
raise ValidationError('There is no account with that email. You must register first.')
class ResetPasswordForm(
FlaskForm):
password = PasswordField('Password', validators=[DataRequired()])
confirm_password = PasswordField('Confirm Password',
validators=[DataRequired(), EqualTo('password')])
submit = SubmitField('Reset Password')
```
6.
创建一个名为templates的文件夹，并在其中
创建以下HTML文件：
home.html：
```html
{% extends "layout.html" %}
{% block content %}
{% for post in posts.items %}
<article class="media content-section">
<img class="rounded-circle article-img" src="{{ url_for('static', filename='profile_pics/' + post.author.image_file) }}">
<div class="media-body">
<div class="article-metadata">
<a class="mr-2" href="{{ url_for('user_posts', username=post.author.username) }}">{{ post.author.username }}</a>
<small class="text-muted">{{ post.date_posted.strftime('%Y-%m-%d') }}</small>
</div>
<h2><a class="article-title" href="{{ url_for('post', post_id=post.id) }}">{{ post.title }}</a></h2>
<p class="article-content">{{ post.content }}</p>
</div>
</article>
{% endfor %}
<div class="pagination">
{% if posts.has_prev %}
<a class="btn btn-outline-info mb-4"
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