Variable和tensor的计算

变量在torch中是建立一个计算图，但是相比较Tensorflow和Theano中的静态图，
它是动态的，torch没有placeholder，torch只能给计算图传递变量

import numpy as np
import torch

from torch.autograd import Variable

tensor=torch.Tensor([[1,2],[3,4]])
variable=Variable(tensor,requires_grad=True)
#requires_grad是参不参与误差反向传播, 要不要计算梯度
print(tensor)
print(variable)


t_out=torch.mean(tensor*tensor)
v_out=torch.mean(variable*variable) # v_out = 1/4 * sum(variable*variable)
print(t_out)
print(v_out)

v_out.backward() # v_out的反向传播
 # 初始化变量的梯度
print(variable.grad) # d(v_out)/d(variable) = 1/4*2*variable = variable/2

print(variable) #variable format
print(variable.data) #tensor format
print(variable.data.numpy()) #numpy format

输出：

tensor([[1., 2.],
        [3., 4.]])
tensor([[1., 2.],
        [3., 4.]], requires_grad=True)
tensor(7.5000)
tensor(7.5000, grad_fn=<MeanBackward1>)
tensor([[0.5000, 1.0000],
        [1.5000, 2.0000]])
tensor([[1., 2.],
        [3., 4.]], requires_grad=True)
tensor([[1., 2.],
        [3., 4.]])
[[1. 2.]
 [3. 4.]]