定义:
Worker Thread模式也叫背景模式或者线程池模式,工作线程逐个取回并处理,在所有工作完全完成后,线程等待新的工作到来。
引例:
名字 | 说明 |
main | 测试行为类 |
clientthread | 表示发出工作的类 |
request | 表示工作请求的类 |
channel | 接受工作并将工作请求交给工人线程 |
workerthread | 工人线程类 |
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Channel channel = new Channel(5); // 工人线程的數量
channel.startWorkers();
new ClientThread("Alice", channel).start();
new ClientThread("Bobby", channel).start();
new ClientThread("Chris", channel).start();
}
}
public class Request {
private final String name; // 委托者
private final int number; // 请求编号
private static final Random random = new Random();
public Request(String name, int number) {
this.name = name;
this.number = number;
}
public void execute() {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " executes " + this);
try {
Thread.sleep(random.nextInt(1000));
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
}
}
public String toString() {
return "[ Request from " + name + " No." + number + " ]";
}
}
public class Channel {
private static final int MAX_REQUEST = 100;
private final Request[] requestQueue;
private int tail; // 下一个putRequest的地方
private int head; // 下一个takeRequest的地方
private int count; // Request的数量
private final WorkerThread[] threadPool;
public Channel(int threads) {
this.requestQueue = new Request[MAX_REQUEST];
this.head = 0;
this.tail = 0;
this.count = 0;
threadPool = new WorkerThread[threads];
for (int i = 0; i < threadPool.length; i++) {
threadPool[i] = new WorkerThread("Worker-" + i, this);
}
}
public void startWorkers() {
for (int i = 0; i < threadPool.length; i++) {
threadPool[i].start();
}
}
public synchronized void putRequest(Request request) {
while (count >= requestQueue.length) {
try {
wait();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
}
}
requestQueue[tail] = request;
tail = (tail + 1) % requestQueue.length;
count++;
notifyAll();
}
public synchronized Request takeRequest() {
while (count <= 0) {
try {
wait();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
}
}
Request request = requestQueue[head];
head = (head + 1) % requestQueue.length;
count--;
notifyAll();
return request;
}
}
public class ClientThread extends Thread {
private final Channel channel;
private static final Random random = new Random();
public ClientThread(String name, Channel channel) {
super(name);
this.channel = channel;
}
public void run() {
try {
for (int i = 0; true; i++) {
Request request = new Request(getName(), i);
channel.putRequest(request);
Thread.sleep(random.nextInt(1000));
}
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
}
}
}
public class WorkerThread extends Thread {
private final Channel channel;
public WorkerThread(String name, Channel channel) {
super(name);
this.channel = channel;
}
public void run() {
while (true) {
Request request = channel.takeRequest();
request.execute();
}
}
}
结果:
Worker-1 executes [ Request from Alice No.0 ]
Worker-3 executes [ Request from Bobby No.0 ]
Worker-0 executes [ Request from Chris No.0 ]
Worker-2 executes [ Request from Alice No.1 ]
Worker-4 executes [ Request from Bobby No.1 ]
Worker-1 executes [ Request from Alice No.2 ]
Worker-4 executes [ Request from Chris No.1 ]
Worker-3 executes [ Request from Bobby No.2 ]
Worker-0 executes [ Request from Bobby No.3 ]
Worker-4 executes [ Request from Alice No.3 ]
Worker Thread模式中的角色
client(委托者):client角色创建请求的request角色,并将其传递给channel角色。
channel(通信线路):channel角色接收client传递过来的request角色,并传递给worker角色。
worker(工人):worker角色从channel获得request角色并工作。
request(请求):表示工作。