pygame贪吃蛇

效果演示

主界面选择难度
难度不同 蛇的移动速度不同
进入游戏，蛇默认长度为2

游戏结束
选择yes新开始游戏，选择no 退出游戏

过程记录

如何实现蛇头的移动

• 移动其实就是对现有坐标进行加减运算，然后得到一个新坐标，再将新坐标画出来
• 需要限制帧率，用帧率控制蛇的移动速度

如何实现蛇身的移动

• 观察蛇的移动，我们发现，每次都是蛇尾少了一个格子，而蛇身另一端多了头部的移动格子
• 所以我们构造一个list，每次移动，就将头部格子加入到list头部，然后使用pop去掉List尾部一个格子，如果吃到食物时，就不进行pop,这样就实现了蛇的移动

关于食物生成

• 食物生成要注意不能生成到与蛇重合的格子里，如果重合了，就重新生成直到不重合为止

关于运动的边界

• 这需要判断蛇头的移动即可，这个蛇身是跟着蛇头移动的，蛇头不出边界就不会出边界

pygame模块

• 花半天时间过一下就行
• 不需要记忆函数具体，这需要看有哪些功能有个印象

代码

import pygame
import sys
import random

width=640#定义屏幕的宽
hight=480#定义屏幕的高
width_num=64#定义宽度总格子数量
hight_num=48#定义高度总格子数量
pixel_width=width/width_num
pixel_hight=hight/hight_num

class point(object):
    def __init__(self,x,y):
        self.x=x
        self.y=y
    def copy(self):
        return point(x=self.x,y=self.y)

#画像素点的函数
def draw_pixel(point,color):
    Rect=[point.x,point.y,pixel_width,pixel_hight]
    pygame.draw.rect(screen, color, Rect, width=0)
    
#控制贪吃蛇移动，并判断蛇头是否碰到边界
def snake_move(direction,head,food,snake_body):
    if head.x==food.x and head.y == food.y:
        return 'eat_food'
    #蛇头是否出边界判断
    if head.x<0 or head.x>width or head.y<0 or head.y>hight:
        return 'game_over'

    if direction == 'snake_left':
        head.x-=pixel_width
    elif direction == 'snake_right':
        head.x+=pixel_width
    elif direction == 'snake_up':
        head.y-=pixel_hight        
    elif direction == 'snake_down':
        head.y+=pixel_hight
        
    if len(snake_body)>1:
        for i in snake_body:
            if i.x==head.x and i.y==head.y:
                return 'game_over'
    return 'snake_move'

#生成食物函数
def food_funtion(head,snake_body):
    flag=True
    #生成食物坐标,与头部重合的话，就一直重新生成
    while flag==True:
        food=point(random.randint(0,width_num-1)*pixel_width,random.randint(0,hight_num-1)*pixel_hight)
        if food.x==head.x and food.y==head.y:
            flag=True
        else:
            flag=False
        #检查是否与身体重合,只要有一个重合就继续循环
        for i in snake_body:
            if i.x==food.x and i.y==food.y:
                flag=True
    return food

#贪吃蛇主体函数
def snake_code(level_value):
    head=point(width_num/2*pixel_width,hight_num/2*pixel_hight)#初始化蛇头
    food=point(pixel_width*3,pixel_hight*4)#初始化食物位置
    snake_body=[point(head.x+pixel_width,head.y)]#初始化蛇身
    direction='snake_left'
    judge_state='snake_move'
    while True:
        # 处理帧频,即降低程序的运行速度
        clock.tick(level_value)
        for event in pygame.event.get():
            if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
                pygame.quit()
                sys.exit()
            if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:#键盘有按下？               
                if event.key ==pygame.K_LEFT:#按下左方向键
                    if direction=='snake_up' or direction=='snake_down':
                        direction='snake_left'
                elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:#按下右方向键
                    if direction=='snake_up' or direction=='snake_down':
                        direction='snake_right'                   
                elif event.key == pygame.K_UP:#按下向上键
                    if direction=='snake_left'or direction=='snake_right':
                        direction='snake_up'                    
                elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:#按下向下键
                    if direction=='snake_left'or direction=='snake_right':
                        direction='snake_down'                    
     
        if judge_state=='eat_food':
            #如果吃到食物则重新生成食物
            food=food_funtion(head,snake_body)
            snake_body.insert(0,head.copy())#将新移动点插入到头部
            judge_state=snake_move(direction,head,food,snake_body)#移动蛇头
        
        elif judge_state=='snake_move':
            snake_body.insert(0,head.copy())
            snake_body.pop()
            judge_state=snake_move(direction,head,food,snake_body)#移动蛇头

        elif judge_state=='game_over':            
            return 'windows_gameover'
            
        # 背景画图
        pygame.draw.rect(screen, (255, 255, 155), (0, 0, width, hight))    
        draw_pixel(head,(90,90,90)) #画头部
        draw_pixel(food,(0,0,0)) #画食物
        for i in snake_body:#画身体
            draw_pixel(i,(100,100,100))
            
        pygame.display.update()    #刷新画面 

# 绘制game over界面
def draw_windows_gameover():
    pygame.draw.rect(screen, (255, 255, 200), (0, 0, width, hight))    
    my_font = pygame.font.SysFont("arial", 70)
    title_1 = my_font.render('game  over', True, (0, 0, 0))   
    screen.blit(title_1,(150,  50))
    
    my_font_2 = pygame.font.SysFont("arial", 50)
    title_2 = my_font_2.render('Do you want to start over', True, (0, 0, 0))
    title_3 = my_font_2.render('yes', True, (0, 0, 0),(200,200,200))
    title_4 = my_font_2.render(' no ', True, (0, 0, 0),(200,200,200))
    
    screen.blit(title_2,(100,  200))
    screen.blit(title_3,(200,  300))
    screen.blit(title_4,(400,  300)) 
    
# 绘制进入界面的画面
def draw_windows_begin():
    pygame.draw.rect(screen, (255, 255, 200), (0, 0, width, hight))    
    my_font = pygame.font.SysFont("arial", 30)
    title_1 = my_font.render('please choose game difficulty', True, (0, 0, 0))   
    screen.blit(title_1,(150,  50))
    
    my_font_2 = pygame.font.SysFont("arial", 50)
    title_2 = my_font_2.render('easy', True, (0, 0, 0),(200,200,200))
    title_3 = my_font_2.render('medium', True, (0, 0, 0),(200,200,200))
    title_4 = my_font_2.render('difficult', True, (0, 0, 0),(200,200,200)) 
    screen.blit(title_2,(50,  110))
    screen.blit(title_3,(200,  110))
    screen.blit(title_4,(400,  110))  
   
if __name__ =='__main__':
    pygame.init()
    screen=pygame.display.set_mode((width,hight),0,32)#设置窗口
    pygame.display.set_caption("贪吃蛇游戏")#设置窗口标题      
    clock = pygame.time.Clock()
    system_state='windows_begin'
    while True:
        clock.tick(30)
        for event in pygame.event.get():
            if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
                pygame.quit()
                sys.exit()
            if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:	# 鼠标按下                
                x, y = pygame.mouse.get_pos()# 获取当前鼠标单击位置
                if pygame.mouse.get_pressed()==(True, False, False):
                    if system_state=='windows_begin':
                        if x>50 and x<140 and y>110 and y<170:#设定游戏难度为简单
                            system_state=snake_code(6)
                        elif x>200 and x<350 and y>110 and y<170:#设定游戏难度为中等
                            system_state=snake_code(13)
                        elif x>400 and x<525 and y>110 and y<170:#设置游戏难度为困难
                            system_state=snake_code(20)
                    # 游戏结束界面的操作
                    elif system_state=='windows_gameover':#重新开始游戏
                        if x>200 and x<270 and y>300 and y<360:
                            system_state='windows_begin'
                        elif x>400 and x<470 and y>300 and y<360:#退出游戏
                            pygame.quit()
                            sys.exit()
                                                                              
        if system_state=='windows_gameover':
            draw_windows_gameover()
        elif system_state=='windows_begin':
            draw_windows_begin()
                        
        pygame.display.update()    #刷新画面