php+nginx负载均衡搭建

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最新推荐文章于 2024-08-28 15:34:13 发布

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在nginx里面配置一个upstream，然后把相关的服务器ip都配置进去。然后采用轮询的方案，然后在nginx里面的配置项里，proxy-pass指向这个upstream，这样就能实现负载均衡。

nginx的负载均衡有4种模式：

1)、轮询（默认）
每个请求按时间顺序逐一分配到不同的后端服务器，如果后端服务器down掉，能自动剔除。
2)、weight
指定轮询几率，weight和访问比率成正比，用于后端服务器性能不均的情况。
2)、ip_hash
每个请求按访问ip的hash结果分配，这样每个访客固定访问一个后端服务器，可以解决session的问题。
3)、fair（第三方）
按后端服务器的响应时间来分配请求，响应时间短的优先分配。
4)、url_hash（第三方）

# 前面说明

利用3台服务器来实现nginx下的负载均衡，1主+2辅。主根据权重随机转发请求到对应服务器下。但是通常为了保证最大带宽利用，保证服务器都在一个内网里。

每次请求会根据负载权重分发到任意一台辅服务器，请确保辅服务器的配置和系统可以全部一样。另外，php系统写的日志可能在任意一台里面，不用让每台服务器都保持一样的日志。

步骤(本地虚拟机三台服务器：

192.168.1.219 主

192.168.1.247 辅1

192.168.1.241 辅2

# 在主服务上的nginx配置如下：

cd /etc/nginx

编辑 nginx.conf 文件中 http 加入下面这段 (这里是按轮询配置(依次) weight\ip_hash等请参考尾部链接)

# 代到本机 8080端口
server{
        listen 8080;
        server_name load.com;
        index index.html;
        root /home/www;
}
 
 
# 负载均衡模块
upstream load.com {
        server 192.168.1.241:80;
        server 192.168.1.247:80;
        server 127.0.0.1:8080;
}
 
#监听80端口的访问
server{
        listen 80;
        server_name load.com;
        location / {
                proxy_pass              http://load.com;
                #proxy_set_header        Host    $host;
                #proxy_set_header        X-Real-IP       $remotr_addr;
                #proxy_set_header        X-Forwarde-For  $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        }
}

在其它两台服务器上编辑 nginx.conf 文件

server{
        listen 80;
        server_name load.com;
        root /home/www;
        location / {
                index index.html;
        }
}

# 分别修改三天服务器下的 /home/www/inde.html 文件(没有请新建)

<h4> load2 </h4>

重启所有 nginx 服务

浏览器访问（分别被分发到不了不同的服务器）

==================================================================

多域名、多泛域名负载绑定示例：

比如绑定*.w2w2.cn、*.xk8ds2d.cn两个域名到负载上：

user  www www;

worker_processes auto;
worker_cpu_affinity auto;

error_log  /home/wwwlogs/nginx_error.log  crit;

pid        /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid;

#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.
worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;

events
    {
        use epoll;
        worker_connections 51200;
        multi_accept off;
        accept_mutex off;
    }

http
    {
        include       mime.types;
        default_type  application/octet-stream;

        server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
        client_header_buffer_size 32k;
        large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
        client_max_body_size 50m;

        sendfile on;
        sendfile_max_chunk 512k;
        tcp_nopush on;

        keepalive_timeout 60;

        tcp_nodelay on;

        fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
        fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
        fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
        fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
        fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
        fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
        fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 256k;

        gzip on;
        gzip_min_length  1k;
        gzip_buffers     4 16k;
        gzip_http_version 1.1;
        gzip_comp_level 2;
        gzip_types     text/plain application/javascript application/x-javascript text/javascript text/css application/xml application/xml+rss;
        gzip_vary on;
        gzip_proxied   expired no-cache no-store private auth;
        gzip_disable   "MSIE [1-6]\.";

        #limit_conn_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=perip:10m;
        ##If enable limit_conn_zone,add "limit_conn perip 10;" to server section.

        server_tokens off;
        access_log off;



# 代到本机 8080端口
server{
        listen 8080;
        server_name *.w2w2.cn *.xk8ds2d.cn;
        index index.html index.php;
        root /home/wwwroot/default;

        include enable-php.conf;
}
 
 
# 负载均衡模块
upstream *.w2w2.cn {
        server 103.242.133.21:80;
        server 127.0.0.1:8080;
}
 
#监听80端口的访问
server{
        listen 80;
        server_name *.w2w2.cn;
        location / {
                proxy_pass              http://*.w2w2.cn;
                #proxy_set_header        Host    $host;
                #proxy_set_header        X-Real-IP       $remotr_addr;
                #proxy_set_header        X-Forwarde-For  $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        }
}


# 负载均衡模块
upstream *.xk8ds2d.cn {
        server 103.242.133.21:80;
        server 127.0.0.1:8080;
}
 
#监听80端口的访问
server{
        listen 80;
        server_name *.xk8ds2d.cn;
        location / {
                proxy_pass              http://*.xk8ds2d.cn;
                #proxy_set_header        Host    $host;
                #proxy_set_header        X-Real-IP       $remotr_addr;
                #proxy_set_header        X-Forwarde-For  $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        }
}





include vhost/*.conf;
}

副服务器nginx.conf代码：

user  www www;

worker_processes auto;
worker_cpu_affinity auto;

error_log  /home/wwwlogs/nginx_error.log  crit;

pid        /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid;

#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.
worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;

events
    {
        use epoll;
        worker_connections 51200;
        multi_accept off;
        accept_mutex off;
    }

http
    {
        include       mime.types;
        default_type  application/octet-stream;

        server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
        client_header_buffer_size 32k;
        large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
        client_max_body_size 50m;

        sendfile on;
        sendfile_max_chunk 512k;
        tcp_nopush on;

        keepalive_timeout 60;

        tcp_nodelay on;

        fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
        fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
        fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
        fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
        fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
        fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
        fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 256k;

        gzip on;
        gzip_min_length  1k;
        gzip_buffers     4 16k;
        gzip_http_version 1.1;
        gzip_comp_level 2;
        gzip_types     text/plain application/javascript application/x-javascript text/javascript text/css application/xml application/xml+rss;
        gzip_vary on;
        gzip_proxied   expired no-cache no-store private auth;
        gzip_disable   "MSIE [1-6]\.";

        #limit_conn_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=perip:10m;
        ##If enable limit_conn_zone,add "limit_conn perip 10;" to server section.

        server_tokens off;
        access_log off;

server
    {
        listen 80 default_server reuseport;
        #listen [::]:80 default_server ipv6only=on;
        server_name _;
        index index.html index.htm index.php;
        root  /home/wwwroot/default;

        #error_page   404   /404.html;

        # Deny access to PHP files in specific directory
        #location ~ /(wp-content|uploads|wp-includes|images)/.*\.php$ { deny all; }

        include enable-php.conf;

        location /nginx_status
        {
            stub_status on;
            access_log   off;
        }

        location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$
        {
            expires      30d;
        }

        location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$
        {
            expires      12h;
        }

        location ~ /.well-known {
            allow all;
        }

        location ~ /\.
        {
            deny all;
        }

        access_log  /home/wwwlogs/access.log;
    }
include vhost/*.conf;
}

===========================================================

参考：

1）https://www.cnblogs.com/xdtx/p/9577436.html

2）https://blog.csdn.net/Rodgexue/article/details/79976610