sql语句练习

建表：

/***学生表********************************************************/

create student( //创建学生表

sno varchar2(10) primary key,

sname varchar2(2),

sage number(2),

ssex varchar2(5)

);

insert into student values ('s001','张三',23,'男');
insert into student values ('s002','李四',23,'男');
insert into student values ('s003','吴鹏',25,'男');
insert into student values ('s004','琴沁',20,'女');
insert into student values ('s005','王丽',20,'女');
insert into student values ('s006','李波',21,'男');
insert into student values ('s007','刘玉',21,'男');
insert into student values ('s008','萧蓉',21,'女');
insert into student values ('s009','陈萧晓',23,'女');
insert into student values ('s010','陈美',22,'女');

commit;

/*****教师表*************************************************************/

create teacher(//老师表

tno varchar2(10) primary key,

tname varchar2(20)

);

insert into teacher values ('t001', '刘阳');
insert into teacher values ('t002', '谌燕');
insert into teacher values ('t003', '胡明星');

commit;

/****课程表******************************************************************/

create course(//课程表

cno varchar2(10),//课程no

cname varchar2(20),//课程名

tno varchar2(20),//老师no

contraint pc_course primary key(cno,tno)

);

insert into course values ('c001','J2SE','t002');
insert into course values ('c002','Java Web','t002');
insert into course values ('c003','SSH','t001');
insert into course values ('c004','Oracle','t001');
insert into course values ('c005','SQL SERVER 2005','t003');
insert into course values ('c006','C#','t003');
insert into course values ('c007','JavaScript','t002');
insert into course values ('c008','DIV+CSS','t001');
insert into course values ('c009','PHP','t003');
insert into course values ('c010','EJB3.0','t002');

commit;

/***成绩表*************************************************************/

create score(//分数表

sno varchar2(10),//学生no

cno varchar2(10),//课程no

score number(4,2),//分数

constraint pk_sc primary key(sno,cno)

);

insert into sc values ('s001','c001',78.9);
insert into sc values ('s002','c001',80.9);
insert into sc values ('s003','c001',81.9);
insert into sc values ('s004','c001',60.9);
insert into sc values ('s001','c002',82.9);
insert into sc values ('s002','c002',72.9);
insert into sc values ('s003','c002',81.9);
insert into sc values ('s001','c003','59');
commit;

 /******************************************************************************************************************/

练习：

注意：以下练习中的数据是根据初始化到数据库中的数据来写的SQL 语句，请大家务必注意。

1、查询“c001”课程比“c002”课程成绩高的所有学生的学号；

步骤：(1)select * from score where cno='c001';//c001分数分布，（分数表字段：学生no，课程no，分数）

      (2)select * from score where cno='c002';//c002分数分布

      (3)select a.sno from

            （select * from score where a.cno='c001'）a,//c001分数分布

            （select * from score where a.cno='c002'）b,//c002分数分布

     where a.sno=b.sno //用sno关联

     and   a.score>b.score;

用exists:

select a.sno from score a 

where a.cno='c001'

and exists(select * from score b where b.sno=a.sno and a.score>b.score); 

/******************************************************************************************************************/

2、查询平均成绩大于60 分的同学的学号和平均成绩；

(1) select average(score) from score group by sno;//首先求平均成绩

（2）select sno,average(score) as from score group by sno where as>60;//求平均数avg，group by 和having一起用

select sno,avg(score) from sc  group by sno having avg(score)>60;

/******************************************************************************************************************/

3、查询所有同学的学号、姓名、选课数、总成绩；

（1）选课数和总成绩：select count(cno),sum(score) from score group by sno;

(2)select st.sno,st.sname, count(cno),sum(score) from score sc,student st where sc.sno=st.sno group by sno;

select s.sno,s.sname,a.count,a.sumc 

from (select sno, count(cno) count,sum(score) sumc from score group by sno) a,sutdent s 

where a.sno=s.sno;

/******************************************************************************************************************/

4、查询姓“刘”的老师的个数；

(1)select * from teacher where tname like '刘%';

(2)select count(*) from teacher where tname like '刘%';

/******************************************************************************************************************/

5、查询没学过“谌燕”老师课的同学的学号、姓名；

(1)select c.cno from course c,teacher t where c.tno=t.tno and t.tname='谌燕'; //查询谌燕的课

(2)select st.sno,st,sname from score s,student st 

 where  s.sno=st.sno

 and   s.cno not exists (select c.cno from course c,teacher t where c.tno=t.tno and t.tname='谌燕');

用join:

select * from student st where st.sno not in

(select distinct sno from sc s join course c on s.cno=c.cno

join teacher t on c.tno=t.tno where tname='谌燕');

/******************************************************************************************************************/

6、查询学过“c001”并且也学过编号“c002”课程的同学的学号、姓名；

(1)select s.sno from score s where s.cno='c001';

(2) select s.sno from score s where s.cno='c002';

(3)slect st.sno,st,sname from student st 

   where st.sno in (select s.sno from score s where s.cno='c001')

   and st.sno in (select s.sno from score s where s.cno='c002');

用join：

select st.* from sc a
join sc b on a.sno=b.sno
join student st
on st.sno=a.sno

where a.cno='c001' and b.cno='c002' and st.sno=a.sno;

/******************************************************************************************************************/

7、查询学过“谌燕”老师所教的所有课的同学的学号、姓名；????????????

（1）select c.cno from course c teacher t where c.tno=t.tno and t.tname='谌燕';//查询谌燕的课

(2)select st.* from student st join sc s on st.sno=s.sno
join course c on s.cno=c.cno
join teacher t on c.tno=t.tno

where t.tname='谌燕' ;//查询上过谌燕的课的所有学生

/******************************************************************************************************************/

9、查询所有课程成绩小于60 分的同学的学号、姓名；

(1)select * from score s where s.score<60;//60分以下的分数

(2)

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