在微服务都是以HTTP接口的形式暴露自身服务的,因此在调用远程服务时就必须使用HTTP客户端。我们可以使用JDK原生的URLConnection
、Apache的Http Client
、Netty的异步HTTP Client, Spring的RestTemplate
。但是,用起来最方便、最优雅的还是要属Feign了。这里介绍的是RestTemplate。
什么是RestTemplate?
RestTemplate是Spring提供的用于访问Rest服务的客户端,
RestTemplate提供了多种便捷访问远程Http服务的方法,能够大大提高客户端的编写效率。
调用RestTemplate的默认构造函数,RestTemplate对象在底层通过使用java.net包下的实现创建HTTP 请求,
可以通过使用ClientHttpRequestFactory指定不同的HTTP请求方式。
ClientHttpRequestFactory接口主要提供了两种实现方式
1、一种是SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory,使用J2SE提供的方式(既java.net包提供的方式)创建底层的Http请求连接。
2、一种方式是使用HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory方式,底层使用HttpClient访问远程的Http服务,使用HttpClient可以配置连接池和证书等信息。
RestTemplate的核心之一 Http Client。
目前通过RestTemplate 的源码可知,RestTemplate 可支持多种 Http Client的http的访问,如下所示:
基于 JDK HttpURLConnection 的 SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory,默认。
基于 Apache HttpComponents Client 的 HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory
基于 OkHttp3的OkHttpClientHttpRequestFactory。
基于 Netty4 的 Netty4ClientHttpRequestFactory。
其中HttpURLConnection 和 HttpClient 为原生的网络访问类,OkHttp3采用了 OkHttp3的框架,Netty4 采用了Netty框架。
xml配置的方式
请查看RestTemplate源码了解细节,知其然知其所以然!
RestTemplate默认是使用SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory,内部是调用jdk的HttpConnection,默认超时为-1
@Autowired
RestTemplate simpleRestTemplate;
@Autowired
RestTemplate restTemplate;
基于jdk的spring的RestTemplate
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"
default-autowire="byName" default-lazy-init="true">
<!--方式一、使用jdk的实现-->
<bean id="ky.requestFactory" class="org.springframework.http.client.SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory">
//设置客户端从服务端读取数据的超时时间
<property name="readTimeout" value="10000"/>
//设置客户端和服务端建立连接的超时时间
<property name="connectTimeout" value="5000"/>
</bean>
<bean id="simpleRestTemplate" class="org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate">
<constructor-arg ref="ky.requestFactory"/>
<property name="messageConverters">
<list>
<bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.FormHttpMessageConverter"/>
<bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.xml.MappingJackson2XmlHttpMessageConverter"/>
<bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter"/>
<bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter">
<property name="supportedMediaTypes">
<list>
<value>text/plain;charset=UTF-8</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
使用Httpclient连接池的方式
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"
default-autowire="byName" default-lazy-init="true">
<!--方式二、使用httpclient的实现,带连接池-->
<bean id="ky.pollingConnectionManager" class="org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager">
<!--整个连接池的并发-->
<property name="maxTotal" value="1000" />
<!--每个主机最大请求数-->
<property name="defaultMaxPerRoute" value="1000" />
</bean>
<bean id="ky.httpClientBuilder" class="org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder" factory-method="create">
<property name="connectionManager" ref="ky.pollingConnectionManager" />
<!--开启重试-->
<property name="retryHandler">
<bean class="org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpRequestRetryHandler">
<constructor-arg value="2"/>
<constructor-arg value="true"/>
</bean>
</property>
<property name="defaultHeaders">
<list>
<bean class="org.apache.http.message.BasicHeader">
<constructor-arg value="User-Agent"/>
<constructor-arg value="Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/31.0.1650.16 Safari/537.36"/>
</bean>
<bean class="org.apache.http.message.BasicHeader">
<constructor-arg value="Accept-Encoding"/>
<constructor-arg value="gzip,deflate"/>
</bean>
<bean class="org.apache.http.message.BasicHeader">
<constructor-arg value="Accept-Language"/>
<constructor-arg value="zh-CN"/>
</bean>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="ky.httpClient" factory-bean="ky.httpClientBuilder" factory-method="build" />
<bean id="ky.clientHttpRequestFactory" class="org.springframework.http.client.HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory">
<constructor-arg ref="ky.httpClient"/>
<!--设置客户端和服务端建立连接的超时时间,毫秒-->
<property name="connectTimeout" value="5000"/>
<!--设置客户端从服务端读取数据的超时时间,毫秒-->
<property name="readTimeout" value="10000"/>
<!--设置从连接池获取连接的超时时间,不宜过长,毫秒-->
<property name="connectionRequestTimeout" value="2000"/>
<!--设置缓冲请求数据,默认为true。通过POST或者PUT大量发送数据时,建议将此更改为false,以免耗尽内存-->
<property name="bufferRequestBody" value="false"/>
</bean>
<bean id="restTemplate" class="org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate">
<constructor-arg ref="ky.clientHttpRequestFactory"/>
<property name="errorHandler">
<bean class="org.springframework.web.client.DefaultResponseErrorHandler"/>
</property>
<property name="messageConverters">
<list>
<bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.FormHttpMessageConverter"/>
<bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.xml.MappingJackson2XmlHttpMessageConverter"/>
<bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter"/>
<bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter">
<property name="supportedMediaTypes">
<list>
<value>text/plain;charset=UTF-8</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
bean初始化+静态工具
线程安全的单例(懒汉模式)
基于jdk的spring的RestTemplate
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Lazy;
import org.springframework.http.client.SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory;
import org.springframework.http.converter.FormHttpMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.http.converter.HttpMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.http.converter.xml.MappingJackson2XmlHttpMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.client.DefaultResponseErrorHandler;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
@Component
@Lazy(false)
public class SimpleRestClient {
private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SimpleRestClient.class);
private static RestTemplate restTemplate;
static {
SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory requestFactory = new SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory();
requestFactory.setReadTimeout(5000);
requestFactory.setConnectTimeout(5000);
// 添加转换器
List<HttpMessageConverter<?>> messageConverters = new ArrayList<>();
messageConverters.add(new StringHttpMessageConverter(Charset.forName("UTF-8")));
messageConverters.add(new FormHttpMessageConverter());
messageConverters.add(new MappingJackson2XmlHttpMessageConverter());
messageConverters.add(new MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter());
restTemplate = new RestTemplate(messageConverters);
restTemplate.setRequestFactory(requestFactory);
restTemplate.setErrorHandler(new DefaultResponseErrorHandler());
LOGGER.info("SimpleRestClient初始化完成");
}
private SimpleRestClient() {
}
@PostConstruct
public static RestTemplate getClient() {
return restTemplate;
}
}
使用Httpclient连接池的方式
import org.apache.http.Header;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultConnectionKeepAliveStrategy;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpRequestRetryHandler;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicHeader;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Lazy;
import org.springframework.http.client.HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory;
import org.springframework.http.converter.FormHttpMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.http.converter.HttpMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.http.converter.xml.MappingJackson2XmlHttpMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.client.DefaultResponseErrorHandler;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
@Component
@Lazy(false)
public class RestClient {
private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RestClient.class);
private static RestTemplate restTemplate;
static {
// 长连接保持30秒
PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager pollingConnectionManager = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
// 总连接数
pollingConnectionManager.setMaxTotal(1000);
// 同路由的并发数
pollingConnectionManager.setDefaultMaxPerRoute(1000);
HttpClientBuilder httpClientBuilder = HttpClients.custom();
httpClientBuilder.setConnectionManager(pollingConnectionManager);
// 重试次数,默认是3次,没有开启
httpClientBuilder.setRetryHandler(new DefaultHttpRequestRetryHandler(2, true));
// 保持长连接配置,需要在头添加Keep-Alive
httpClientBuilder.setKeepAliveStrategy(new DefaultConnectionKeepAliveStrategy());
// RequestConfig.Builder builder = RequestConfig.custom();
// builder.setConnectionRequestTimeout(200);
// builder.setConnectTimeout(5000);
// builder.setSocketTimeout(5000);
//
// RequestConfig requestConfig = builder.build();
// httpClientBuilder.setDefaultRequestConfig(requestConfig);
List<Header> headers = new ArrayList<>();
headers.add(new BasicHeader("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/31.0.1650.16 Safari/537.36"));
headers.add(new BasicHeader("Accept-Encoding", "gzip,deflate"));
headers.add(new BasicHeader("Accept-Language", "zh-CN"));
headers.add(new BasicHeader("Connection", "Keep-Alive"));
httpClientBuilder.setDefaultHeaders(headers);
HttpClient httpClient = httpClientBuilder.build();
// httpClient连接配置,底层是配置RequestConfig
HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory clientHttpRequestFactory = new HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory(httpClient);
// 连接超时
clientHttpRequestFactory.setConnectTimeout(5000);
// 数据读取超时时间,即SocketTimeout
clientHttpRequestFactory.setReadTimeout(5000);
// 连接不够用的等待时间,不宜过长,必须设置,比如连接不够用时,时间过长将是灾难性的
clientHttpRequestFactory.setConnectionRequestTimeout(200);
// 缓冲请求数据,默认值是true。通过POST或者PUT大量发送数据时,建议将此属性更改为false,以免耗尽内存。
// clientHttpRequestFactory.setBufferRequestBody(false);
// 添加内容转换器
List<HttpMessageConverter<?>> messageConverters = new ArrayList<>();
messageConverters.add(new StringHttpMessageConverter(Charset.forName("UTF-8")));
messageConverters.add(new FormHttpMessageConverter());
messageConverters.add(new MappingJackson2XmlHttpMessageConverter());
messageConverters.add(new MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter());
restTemplate = new RestTemplate(messageConverters);
restTemplate.setRequestFactory(clientHttpRequestFactory);
restTemplate.setErrorHandler(new DefaultResponseErrorHandler());
LOGGER.info("RestClient初始化完成");
}
private RestClient() {
}
@Bean
public HttpClient httpClient() {
Registry<ConnectionSocketFactory> registry = RegistryBuilder.<ConnectionSocketFactory>create()
.register("http", PlainConnectionSocketFactory.getSocketFactory())
.register("https", SSLConnectionSocketFactory.getSocketFactory())
.build();
PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager connectionManager = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager(registry);
//设置整个连接池最大连接数 根据自己的场景决定
connectionManager.setMaxTotal(200);
//路由是对maxTotal的细分
connectionManager.setDefaultMaxPerRoute(50);
SocketConfig socketConfig = SocketConfig.custom()
.setSoKeepAlive(false)
.setSoLinger(1)
.setSoReuseAddress(true)
.setSoTimeout(120000) //超时时间设置
.setTcpNoDelay(true).build();
RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom()
.setConnectTimeout(20 * 1000)//建立网络超时时间
.setSocketTimeout(20 * 1000)//通讯过程中的超时时间
.setConnectionRequestTimeout(20 * 1000) //分配等待连接池分配的超时时间
.build();
ConnectionKeepAliveStrategy keepAliveStrategy = new DefaultConnectionKeepAliveStrategy() {
@Override
public long getKeepAliveDuration(final HttpResponse response, final HttpContext context) {
long keepAlive = super.getKeepAliveDuration(response, context);
if (keepAlive == -1) {
keepAlive = 5000;
}
return keepAlive;
}
};
return HttpClientBuilder.create()
//.disableAutomaticRetries()//关闭自动处理重定向
.setDefaultSocketConfig(socketConfig)
// .setDefaultCookieSpecRegistry(r)
//.setDefaultCookieStore(Constants.httpCookieStore)
.setConnectionManager(connectionManager).setConnectionManagerShared(true)
//只有服务器返回header location不为空,且DefaultRedirectStrategy只支持GET、HEAD客户端跳转,不支持POST
.setRedirectStrategy(new CustomRedirectStrategy())
//.setDefaultHeaders(Constants.location_header_list)
.setKeepAliveStrategy(keepAliveStrategy)
.setDefaultRequestConfig(requestConfig)
// .setRetryHandler(new DefaultHttpRequestRetryHandler(4, true))
.build();
}
@PostConstruct
public static RestTemplate getClient() {
return restTemplate;
}
}
使用okhttp连接池的方式
@Configuration
public class OkHttpConfig {
@Bean
public X509TrustManager x509TrustManager() {
return new X509TrustManager() {
@Override
public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] x509Certificates, String s) {
}
@Override
public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] x509Certificates, String s) {
}
@Override
public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
return new X509Certificate[]{};
}
};
}
@Bean
public SSLSocketFactory sslSocketFactory() {
try {
//信任任何链接
SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
sslContext.init(null, new TrustManager[]{x509TrustManager()}, new SecureRandom());
return sslContext.getSocketFactory();
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException | KeyManagementException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
/**
* Create a new connection pool with tuning parameters appropriate for a single-user application.
* The tuning parameters in this pool are subject to change in future OkHttp releases. Currently
*/
@Bean
public ConnectionPool pool() {
return new ConnectionPool(200, 5, TimeUnit.MINUTES);
}
@Bean
public OkHttpClient okHttpClient() {
OkHttpClient.Builder builder = new OkHttpClient.Builder()
//此处通过信任所有主机处理
.hostnameVerifier((hostname, session) -> true)
.sslSocketFactory(sslSocketFactory(), x509TrustManager())
.retryOnConnectionFailure(false)//是否开启缓存
.connectionPool(pool())//连接池
.connectTimeout(30L, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.readTimeout(30L, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.followRedirects(true).followSslRedirects(true)
.cookieJar(new OkHttpCookieManager());
OkHttpClient okHttpClient = builder.build();
//最大并发请求数,默认64
okHttpClient.dispatcher().setMaxRequests(2000);
//每个主机最大请求数,默认5
okHttpClient.dispatcher().setMaxRequestsPerHost(500);
return okHttpClient;
}
}
//用来解决子域名和一级域名公用cookie的问题
public class OkHttpCookieManager implements CookieJar {
Map<String,List<Cookie>> cacheCookie = new HashMap<>();
/**
* 拿cookie填充request
* @param url
* @return
*/
@NotNull
@Override
public List<Cookie> loadForRequest(@NotNull HttpUrl url) {
return putCookie(url.host().split("\\.")[1],null);
}
private List<Cookie> putCookie(String domainSp2,List<Cookie> cookieAppend){
List<Cookie> cookies = cacheCookie.get(domainSp2);
if(CollectionUtils.isEmpty(cookies)){
cookies = new ArrayList<>();
}
if(cookieAppend != null)
cookies.addAll(cookieAppend);
cacheCookie.put(domainSp2,cookies);
return cookies;
}
/**
* 将response Cookie响应保存
* @param url
* @param cookies
*/
@Override
public void saveFromResponse(@NotNull HttpUrl url, @NotNull List<Cookie> cookies) {
putCookie(url.host().split("\\.")[1],cookies);
}
}
@Configuration
public class RestConfig {
@Bean
public RestTemplate restTemplate(){
RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();
return restTemplate;
}
@Bean("urlConnection")
public RestTemplate urlConnectionRestTemplate(){
RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate(new SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory());
return restTemplate;
}
@Bean("httpClient")
public RestTemplate httpClientRestTemplate(HttpClient httpClient){
RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate(new HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory(httpClient));
return restTemplate;
}
@Bean("oKHttp3")
public RestTemplate OKHttp3RestTemplate(OkHttpClient okHttpClient){
RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate(new OkHttp3ClientHttpRequestFactory(okHttpClient));
return restTemplate;
}
}
ErrorHolder
自定义的一个异常结果包装类
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.web.client.HttpClientErrorException;
import org.springframework.web.client.HttpServerErrorException;
public class ErrorHolder {
private HttpStatus statusCode;
private String statusText;
private String responseBody;
private HttpHeaders responseHeaders;
public ErrorHolder(HttpStatus statusCode, String statusText, String responseBody) {
this.statusCode = statusCode;
this.statusText = statusText;
this.responseBody = responseBody;
}
public ErrorHolder(String statusText) {
this.statusText = statusText;
}
public HttpStatus getStatusCode() {
return statusCode;
}
public void setStatusCode(HttpStatus statusCode) {
this.statusCode = statusCode;
}
public String getStatusText() {
return statusText;
}
public void setStatusText(String statusText) {
this.statusText = statusText;
}
public String getResponseBody() {
return responseBody;
}
public void setResponseBody(String responseBody) {
this.responseBody = responseBody;
}
public HttpHeaders getResponseHeaders() {
return responseHeaders;
}
public void setResponseHeaders(HttpHeaders responseHeaders) {
this.responseHeaders = responseHeaders;
}
public static ErrorHolder build(Exception exception) {
if (exception instanceof HttpServerErrorException) {
HttpServerErrorException e = (HttpServerErrorException) exception;
return new ErrorHolder(e.getStatusCode(), e.getStatusText(), e.getResponseBodyAsString());
}
if (exception instanceof HttpClientErrorException) {
HttpClientErrorException e = (HttpClientErrorException) exception;
return new ErrorHolder(e.getStatusCode(), e.getStatusText(), e.getResponseBodyAsString());
}
return new ErrorHolder(exception.getMessage());
}
}
使用样例
api里面可以做自动的参数匹配:
如:http://you domainn name/test?empNo={empNo},则下面方法的最后一个参数为数据匹配参数,会自动根据key进行查找,然后替换
API没有声明异常,注意进行异常处理
更多使用语法请查看API文档
ResponseEntity<List<KyArea>> result = RestClient.getClient().exchange(DIVIDE_PLATE_API, HttpMethod.GET, HttpEntity.EMPTY, new ParameterizedTypeReference<List<KyArea>>() {}, map("empNo", empNo)); List<KyArea> list = result.getBody(); ResponseEntity<KyArea> result = RestClient.getClient().exchange(DIVIDE_PLATE_API, HttpMethod.GET, HttpEntity.EMPTY, KyArea.class, map("empNo", empNo)); KyArea kyArea = result.getBody();
RestTemplate处理请求状态码为非200的返回数据
默认的 RestTemplate 有个机制是请求状态码非200 就抛出异常,会中断接下来的操作。如果不想中断对结果数据得解析,可以通过覆盖默认的 ResponseErrorHandler ,见下面的示例,示例中的方法中基本都是空方法,只要对hasError修改下,让他一直返回true,即是不检查状态码及抛异常了。
@Bean("sslRestTemplate")
public RestTemplate getRestTemplate() throws Exception {
RestTemplate sslRestTemplate = new RestTemplate(new HttpsClientRequestFactory());
ResponseErrorHandler responseErrorHandler = new ResponseErrorHandler() {
@Override
public boolean hasError(ClientHttpResponse clientHttpResponse) throws IOException {
return true;
}
@Override
public void handleError(ClientHttpResponse clientHttpResponse) throws IOException {
}
};
sslRestTemplate.setErrorHandler(responseErrorHandler);
return sslRestTemplate;
}
或者,修改resttemplate的源码,把对应的源码文件拷贝到自己的项目中,但不推荐。
RestTempate的访问的超时设置
例如,我用的是Httpclient的连接池,RestTemplate的超时设置依赖HttpClient的内部的三个超时时间设置。
HttpClient内部有三个超时时间设置:连接池获取可用连接超时,连接超时,读取数据超时:
1.setConnectionRequestTimeout从连接池中获取可用连接超时:设置从connect Manager获取Connection 超时时间,单位毫秒。
HttpClient中的要用连接时尝试从连接池中获取,若是在等待了一定的时间后还没有获取到可用连接(比如连接池中没有空闲连接了)则会抛出获取连接超时异常。
2.连接目标超时connectionTimeout,单位毫秒。
指的是连接目标url的连接超时时间,即客服端发送请求到与目标url建立起连接的最大时间。如果在该时间范围内还没有建立起连接,则就抛出connectionTimeOut异常。
如测试的时候,将url改为一个不存在的url:“http://test.com” ,超时时间3000ms过后,系统报出异常: org.apache.commons.httpclient.ConnectTimeoutException:The host did not accept the connection within timeout of 3000 ms
3.等待响应超时(读取数据超时)socketTimeout ,单位毫秒。
连接上一个url后,获取response的返回等待时间 ,即在与目标url建立连接后,等待放回response的最大时间,在规定时间内没有返回响应的话就抛出SocketTimeout。
测试时,将socketTimeout 设置很短,会报等待响应超时。
我遇到的问题,restTemplate请求到一个高可用的服务是,返回的超时时间是设置值的2倍,是因为负载均衡器返回的重定向,导致httpClient底层认为没有超时,又请求一次,如果负载均衡器下有两个节点,就耗费connectionTimeout的双倍时间。