java实现文件下载框架_java实现文件上传和下载

写在前面

【文件上传和下载】是很多系统必备功能， 比如PM\OA\ERP等；系统中常见的开发模式有B/S和C/S，而前者主要是通过浏览器来访问web服务器，一般采用七层协议中的【应用层http】进行数据传输，后者主要通过编程语言开发的app作为客户端来访问服务端，一般采用七层协议中的【传输层tcp】进行数据传输。

文章主要完成简单java web涉及的文件上传和下载功能。

正文

1. java原生servlet实现：

pom.xml配置：

javax

javaee-api

8.0

provided

javax

javaee-web-api

8.0

provided

javax.servlet

jstl

1.

runtime

web.xml配置：

/WEB-INF/view/jsp/upload/upload.jsp

UploadServlet

pers.chaffee.servlet.UploadServlet

UploadServlet

/UploadFileServlet

servlet实现：

@WebServlet("/UploadServlet")

public class UploadServlet extends HttpServlet {

@Override

protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) {

//根据文件扩展名设置文件MIME类型

resp.setContentType(getServletContext().getMimeType("hello.txt"));

//设置下载消息响应,提示文件保存attachment

resp.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + "hello");

/*

* 设置缓冲区

* is.read(b)当文件读完时返回-1

*/

try {

//输入流为项目文件，输出流指向浏览器

InputStream is = new FileInputStream("E:\\hello.txt");

// 提供了将二进制数据写入响应的流

ServletOutputStream os = resp.getOutputStream();

int len = -1;

byte[] b = new byte[1024];

while ((len = is.read(b)) != -1) {

os.write(b, 0, len);

}

//关闭流

is.close();

os.close();

} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

@Override

protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) {

// 文件上传到本地磁盘工厂类

DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();

//设置内存缓冲区的大小

factory.setSizeThreshold(20480);

//设置临时文件目录,供上传文件过大时临时存储

factory.setRepository(new File("F:\\f"));

//文件上传操作核心类

ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);

//设置限制单个上传文件的大小

upload.setFileSizeMax(50480);

//设置限制总上传文件大小

upload.setSizeMax(80480);

// 这个路径相对当前应用的目录

try {

List formItems = upload.parseRequest(req);

if (formItems != null && formItems.size() > 0) {

// 迭代表单数据

for (FileItem item : formItems) {

// 处理不在表单中的字段

if (!item.isFormField()) {

File storeFile = new File("F:\\fromweb_" + item.getName());

// 保存文件到硬盘

item.write(storeFile);

}

}

}

} catch (FileUploadException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}

upload.jsp:

Title

文件上传实例

选择一个文件:

下载

2. java web主流框架【ssm】实现：

pom.xml配置

org.springframework

spring-core

${spring.version}

org.springframework

spring-webmvc

${spring.version}

org.springframework

spring-web

${spring.version}

org.springframework

spring-context

${spring.version}

org.springframework

spring-context-support

${spring.version}

org.springframework

spring-aop

${spring.version}

org.springframework

spring-aspects

${spring.version}

web.xml配置

contextConfigLocation

classpath*:*.xml

org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener

org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener

dispatcherServlet

org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet

contextConfigLocation

classpath:spring-mvc.xml

1

dispatcherServlet

/service/*

spring-mvc.xml:

xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"

xsi:schemaLocation="

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/context

http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc

http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd">

class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"

p:prefix="/WEB-INF/view/jsp/" p:suffix=".jsp"/>

servlet实现:

@RequestMapping(value = "/upload2", method = RequestMethod.POST, consumes = {"multipart/form-data"})

public ModelAndView postUpload(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {

//文件上传核心类

CommonsMultipartResolver multipartResolver = new CommonsMultipartResolver(request.getSession().getServletContext());

//判断request是否有文件上传

if (multipartResolver.isMultipart(request)) {

//通过MultipartHttpServletRequest解析上传请求中的文件

MultipartHttpServletRequest multiRequest = (MultipartHttpServletRequest) request;

//获取上传请求中的所有文件

Iterator iter = multiRequest.getFileNames();

while (iter.hasNext()) {

//转换成spring支持的文件类型MultipartFile

MultipartFile file = multiRequest.getFile(iter.next());

if (file != null) {

File localFile = new File("F:\\f\\" + file.getOriginalFilename());

try {

//将上传文件写到指定位置,此处是本地文件夹

file.transferTo(localFile);

} catch (IllegalStateException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}

}

ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();

modelAndView.setViewName("upload/upload2");

return modelAndView;

}

@RequestMapping(value = "/download", method = RequestMethod.GET)

public ResponseEntity downLoad() throws IOException {

byte[] responseBody;

//获取文件

File file = new File("E:\\hello.txt");

InputStream is = new FileInputStream(file);

responseBody = new byte[is.available()];

is.read(responseBody);

HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();

//设置文件类型

headers.add("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + file.getName());

//设置Http状态码

HttpStatus stateCode = HttpStatus.OK;

//返回数据

ResponseEntity entity = new ResponseEntity<>(responseBody, headers, stateCode);

return entity;

}

小结

截至目前，只初步完成B/S方式的上传和下载，且文件存储方式仅限本地磁盘。而C/S方式的文件传输可以考虑thrift框架，thrift是一种跨平台跨语言的RPC框架，使用过程中发现在数据量不是很大的情况下thrift应用是一种比较合适的C/S解决方案；另外，文件存储方式可以根据具体情况选用文件服务器、数据库等。