Flume是一个高可用的,高可靠的,分布式的海量日志采集、聚合和传输的系统。(将本地文件上传到HDFS)Flume基于流式架构,灵活简单。
Flume最主要的作用就是,实时读取服务器本地磁盘的数据,将数据写入到HDFS。
Fume基础架构
Agent
Agent是一个.JVM进程,它以事件的形式将数据从源头送至目的。Agent主要有3个部分组成,Source、Channel、Sink。
Source
Source是负责接收数据到Flume Agent的组件。Source组件可以处理各种类型、各种格式的日志数据,包括avro、thrift、exec、jms、spooling directory、netcat、taildir、sequence generator、syslog、http、legacy。
![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/eeee18eb717440f490dc0b08e3274161.png)
类似于IP数据报
![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/f04c06052a6b4f2fb751afa898749782.png)
创建 flume-file-hdfs.conf 文件
vim flume-file-hdfs.conf
# Name the components on this agent
a2.sources = r2
a2.sinks = k2
a2.channels = c2
# Describe/configure the source
a2.sources.r2.type = exec
a2.sources.r2.command = tail -F /opt/module/hive/logs/hive.log
# Describe the sink
a2.sinks.k2.type = hdfs
a2.sinks.k2.hdfs.path = hdfs://hadoop102:9870/flume/%Y%m%d/%H
#上传文件的前缀
a2.sinks.k2.hdfs.filePrefix = logs-
#是否按照时间滚动文件夹
a2.sinks.k2.hdfs.round = true
#多少时间单位创建一个新的文件夹
a2.sinks.k2.hdfs.roundValue = 1
#重新定义时间单位
a2.sinks.k2.hdfs.roundUnit = hour
#是否使用本地时间戳
a2.sinks.k2.hdfs.useLocalTimeStamp = true
#积攒多少个 Event 才 flush 到 HDFS 一次
a2.sinks.k2.hdfs.batchSize = 100
#设置文件类型,可支持压缩
a2.sinks.k2.hdfs.fileType = DataStream
#多久生成一个新的文件
a2.sinks.k2.hdfs.rollInterval = 60
#设置每个文件的滚动大小
a2.sinks.k2.hdfs.rollSize = 134217700
#文件的滚动与 Event 数量无关
a2.sinks.k2.hdfs.rollCount = 0
# Use a channel which buffers events in memory
a2.channels.c2.type = memory
a2.channels.c2.capacity = 1000
a2.channels.c2.transactionCapacity = 100
# Bind the source and sink to the channel
a2.sources.r2.channels = c2
a2.sinks.k2.channel = c2
![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/5221480547de4131896d7916a8258701.png)
创建一个文件
vim flume-dir-hdfs.conf
a3.sources = r3
a3.sinks = k3
a3.channels = c3
# Describe/configure the source
a3.sources.r3.type = spooldir
a3.sources.r3.spoolDir = /opt/module/flume/upload
a3.sources.r3.fileSuffix = .COMPLETED
a3.sources.r3.fileHeader = true
#忽略所有以.tmp 结尾的文件,不上传
a3.sources.r3.ignorePattern = ([^ ]*\.tmp)
# Describe the sink
a3.sinks.k3.type = hdfs
a3.sinks.k3.hdfs.path =
hdfs://hadoop102:9870/flume/upload/%Y%m%d/%H
#上传文件的前缀
a3.sinks.k3.hdfs.filePrefix = upload- #是否按照时间滚动文件夹
a3.sinks.k3.hdfs.round = true
#多少时间单位创建一个新的文件夹
a3.sinks.k3.hdfs.roundValue = 1
#重新定义时间单位
a3.sinks.k3.hdfs.roundUnit = hour
#是否使用本地时间戳
a3.sinks.k3.hdfs.useLocalTimeStamp = true
#积攒多少个 Event 才 flush 到 HDFS 一次
a3.sinks.k3.hdfs.batchSize = 100
#设置文件类型,可支持压缩
a3.sinks.k3.hdfs.fileType = DataStream
#多久生成一个新的文件
a3.sinks.k3.hdfs.rollInterval = 60
#设置每个文件的滚动大小大概是 128M
a3.sinks.k3.hdfs.rollSize = 134217700
#文件的滚动与 Event 数量无关
a3.sinks.k3.hdfs.rollCount = 0
# Use a channel which buffers events in memory
a3.channels.c3.type = memory
a3.channels.c3.capacity = 1000
a3.channels.c3.transactionCapacity = 100
# Bind the source and sink to the channel
a3.sources.r3.channels = c3
a3.sinks.k3.channel = c3
启动监控文件夹命令
bin/flume-ng agent -c conf/ -n a3 -f job/flume-dir-hdfs.conf
实时监控目录下的多个追加文件(一般都用这个)
![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/13fdf386820f4c8788efcbe333515f94.png)
创建配置文件 flume-taildir-hdfs.conf
vim flume-taildir-hdfs.conf
a3.sources = r3
a3.sinks = k3
a3.channels = c3
# Describe/configure the source
a3.sources.r3.type = TAILDIR
a3.sources.r3.positionFile = /opt/module/flume/tail_dir.json
a3.sources.r3.filegroups = f1 f2
a3.sources.r3.filegroups.f1 = /opt/module/flume/files/.*file.*
a3.sources.r3.filegroups.f2 = /opt/module/flume/files2/.*log.*
# Describe the sink
a3.sinks.k3.type = hdfs
a3.sinks.k3.hdfs.path = hdfs://hadoop102:9870/flume/upload2/%Y%m%d/%H
#上传文件的前缀
a3.sinks.k3.hdfs.filePrefix = upload-
#是否按照时间滚动文件夹
a3.sinks.k3.hdfs.round = true
#多少时间单位创建一个新的文件夹
a3.sinks.k3.hdfs.roundValue = 1
#重新定义时间单位
a3.sinks.k3.hdfs.roundUnit = hour
#是否使用本地时间戳
a3.sinks.k3.hdfs.useLocalTimeStamp = true
#积攒多少个 Event 才 flush 到 HDFS 一次
a3.sinks.k3.hdfs.batchSize = 100
#设置文件类型,可支持压缩
a3.sinks.k3.hdfs.fileType = DataStream
#多久生成一个新的文件
a3.sinks.k3.hdfs.rollInterval = 60
#设置每个文件的滚动大小大概是 128M
a3.sinks.k3.hdfs.rollSize = 134217700
#文件的滚动与 Event 数量无关
a3.sinks.k3.hdfs.rollCount = 0
# Use a channel which buffers events in memory
a3.channels.c3.type = memory
a3.channels.c3.capacity = 1000
a3.channels.c3.transactionCapacity = 100
# Bind the source and sink to the channel
a3.sources.r3.channels = c3
a3.sinks.k3.channel = c3
bin/flume-ng agent -c conf/ -n a3 -f job/flume-taildir-hdfs.conf
在/opt/module/flume 目录下创建 files 文件夹
mkdir files
向 files文件夹中添加文件
echo hello >> file1.txt
echo xwtxwt >> file3.txt
![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/77ddeb0ef2b24decac9791c76109053a.png)
![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/81a3ea93a16e47bd8b3cb6c8c68620de.png)
![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/acb196feb4a4447f8be8fc5848dce25b.png)
回滚的时候,Putlist直接清空,会丢失数据(除taildir外,因为它可以记录数据传输的位置position)
,而takelist会拉取数据重新放入队列(channel里的),但有可能会造成重复数据,比如说已经从sink到HDFS了,但是HDFS反馈确认通信出现问题,就可能会再次将数据写入HDFS。
Flume Agent 内部原理
重要组件:
1)ChannelSelector
![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/dfdd5cb83a8043dc9ad36006e751c3a5.png)
复制和多路复用
![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/3453b8d576b7415dba75fe7dfde94cb5.png)
//在/opt/module/flume/job 目录下创建 group1 文件夹
mkdir group1/
// 创建客户端flume 即Flume-1
vim flume-file-flume.conf
# Name the components on this agent
a1.sources = r1
a1.sinks = k1 k2
a1.channels = c1 c2
# 将数据流复制给所有 channel
a1.sources.r1.selector.type = replicating
# Describe/configure the source
a1.sources.r1.type = exec
a1.sources.r1.command = tail -F /opt/module/hive/logs/hive.log
a1.sources.r1.shell = /bin/bash -c
# Describe the sink
# sink 端的 avro 是一个数据发送者
a1.sinks.k1.type = avro
a1.sinks.k1.hostname = hadoop102
a1.sinks.k1.port = 4141
a1.sinks.k2.type = avro
a1.sinks.k2.hostname = hadoop102
a1.sinks.k2.port = 4142
# Describe the channel
a1.channels.c1.type = memory
a1.channels.c1.capacity = 1000
a1.channels.c1.transactionCapacity = 100
a1.channels.c2.type = memory
a1.channels.c2.capacity = 1000
a1.channels.c2.transactionCapacity = 100
# Bind the source and sink to the channel
a1.sources.r1.channels = c1 c2
a1.sinks.k1.channel = c1
a1.sinks.k2.channel = c2
vim flume-flume-hdfs.conf 即flume-2
# Name the components on this agent
a2.sources = r1
a2.sinks = k1
a2.channels = c1
# Describe/configure the source
# source 端的 avro 是一个数据接收服务
a2.sources.r1.type = avro
a2.sources.r1.bind = hadoop102
a2.sources.r1.port = 4141
# Describe the sink
a2.sinks.k1.type = hdfs
a2.sinks.k1.hdfs.path = hdfs://hadoop102:9820/flume2/%Y%m%d/%H
#上传文件的前缀
a2.sinks.k1.hdfs.filePrefix = flume2-
#是否按照时间滚动文件夹
a2.sinks.k1.hdfs.round = true
#多少时间单位创建一个新的文件夹
a2.sinks.k1.hdfs.roundValue = 1
#重新定义时间单位
a2.sinks.k1.hdfs.roundUnit = hour
#是否使用本地时间戳
a2.sinks.k1.hdfs.useLocalTimeStamp = true
#积攒多少个 Event 才 flush 到 HDFS 一次
a2.sinks.k1.hdfs.batchSize = 100
#设置文件类型,可支持压缩
a2.sinks.k1.hdfs.fileType = DataStream
#多久生成一个新的文件
a2.sinks.k1.hdfs.rollInterval = 30
#设置每个文件的滚动大小大概是 128M
a2.sinks.k1.hdfs.rollSize = 134217700
#文件的滚动与 Event 数量无关
a2.sinks.k1.hdfs.rollCount = 0
# Describe the channel
a2.channels.c1.type = memory
a2.channels.c1.capacity = 1000
a2.channels.c1.transactionCapacity = 100
# Bind the source and sink to the channel
a2.sources.r1.channels = c1
a2.sinks.k1.channel = c1
vim flume-flume-dir.conf 即flume-3
# Name the components on this agent
a3.sources = r1
a3.sinks = k1
a3.channels = c2
# Describe/configure the source
a3.sources.r1.type = avro
a3.sources.r1.bind = hadoop102
a3.sources.r1.port = 4142
# Describe the sink
a3.sinks.k1.type = file_roll
#这里的directory需要自己去创建
a3.sinks.k1.sink.directory = /opt/module/data/flume3
# Describe the channel
a3.channels.c2.type = memory
a3.channels.c2.capacity = 1000
a3.channels.c2.transactionCapacity = 100
# Bind the source and sink to the channel
a3.sources.r1.channels = c2
a3.sinks.k1.channel = c2
[xwt@hadoop102 flume]$ bin/flume-ng agent --conf conf/ --name
a3 --conf-file job/group1/flume-flume-dir.conf
[xwt@hadoop102 flume]$ bin/flume-ng agent --conf conf/ --name
a2 --conf-file job/group1/flume-flume-hdfs.conf
[xwt@hadoop102 flume]$ bin/flume-ng agent --conf conf/ --name
a1 --conf-file job/group1/flume-file-flume.conf
先启动服务端,在启动客户端
![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/9701ab8981124f8baa091742a7c3b60f.png)
![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/04139c77eea9478bbf672c898c11e011.png)
在/opt/module/flume/job 目录下创建 group2 文件夹
vim group2/
配置 1 个 netcat source 和 1 个 channel、1 个 sink group(2 个 sink),分别输送给
flume-flume-console1 和 flume-flume-console2
[xwt@hadoop102 group2]$ vim flume-netcat-flume.conf
# Name the components on this agent
a1.sources = r1
a1.channels = c1
a1.sinkgroups = g1
a1.sinks = k1 k2
# Describe/configure the source
a1.sources.r1.type = netcat
a1.sources.r1.bind = localhost
a1.sources.r1.port = 44444
a1.sinkgroups.g1.processor.type = failover
a1.sinkgroups.g1.processor.priority.k1 = 5
a1.sinkgroups.g1.processor.priority.k2 = 10
a1.sinkgroups.g1.processor.maxpenalty = 10000
# Describe the sink
a1.sinks.k1.type = avro
a1.sinks.k1.hostname = hadoop102
a1.sinks.k1.port = 4141
a1.sinks.k2.type = avro
a1.sinks.k2.hostname = hadoop102
a1.sinks.k2.port = 4142
# Describe the channel
a1.channels.c1.type = memory
a1.channels.c1.capacity = 1000
a1.channels.c1.transactionCapacity = 100
# Bind the source and sink to the channel
a1.sources.r1.channels = c1
a1.sinkgroups.g1.sinks = k1 k2
a1.sinks.k1.channel = c1
a1.sinks.k2.channel = c1
创建 flume-flume-console1.conf
配置上级 Flume 输出的 Source,输出是到本地控制台
[xwt@hadoop102 group2]$ vim flume-flume-console1.conf
# Name the components on this agent
a2.sources = r1
a2.sinks = k1
a2.channels = c1
# Describe/configure the source
a2.sources.r1.type = avro
a2.sources.r1.bind = hadoop102
a2.sources.r1.port = 4141
# Describe the sink
a2.sinks.k1.type = logger
# Describe the channel
a2.channels.c1.type = memory
a2.channels.c1.capacity = 1000
a2.channels.c1.transactionCapacity = 100
# Bind the source and sink to the channel
a2.sources.r1.channels = c1
a2.sinks.k1.channel = c1
创建 flume-flume-console2.conf
配置上级 Flume 输出的 Source,输出是到本地控制台
[xwt@hadoop102 group2]$ vim flume-flume-console2.conf
# Name the components on this agent
a3.sources = r1
a3.sinks = k1
a3.channels = c2
# Describe/configure the source
a3.sources.r1.type = avro
a3.sources.r1.bind = hadoop102
a3.sources.r1.port = 4142
# Describe the sink
a3.sinks.k1.type = logger
# Describe the channel
a3.channels.c2.type = memory
a3.channels.c2.capacity = 1000
a3.channels.c2.transactionCapacity = 100
# Bind the source and sink to the channel
a3.sources.r1.channels = c2
a3.sinks.k1.channel = c2
分别开启对应配置文件:flume-flume-console2,flume-flume-console1,flume-netcat-flume
[xwt@hadoop102 flume]$ bin/flume-ng agent --conf conf/ --name
a3 --conf-file job/group2/flume-flume-console2.conf -
Dflume.root.logger=INFO,console
[xwt@hadoop102 flume]$ bin/flume-ng agent --conf conf/ --name
a2 --conf-file job/group2/flume-flume-console1.conf -
Dflume.root.logger=INFO,console
[xwt@hadoop102 flume]$ bin/flume-ng agent --conf conf/ --name
a1 --conf-file job/group2/flume-netcat-flume.conf
先执行服务端
首先是输出到Flume-2的,把Flume-2kill掉才会去执行Flume-3。又开启了Flume-2就会再次执行Flume-2
负载均衡:sink轮询的去拉,是按时间来轮询,不是按照数据的条数
![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/b2f2010e851b4b2eb1e0616902b46eef.png)
这种模式是我们最常见的,也非常实用
案例:hadoop102 上的 Flume-1 监控文件/opt/module/group.log, hadoop103 上的 Flume-2 监控某一个端口的数据流, Flume-1 与 Flume-2 将数据发送给 hadoop104 上的 Flume-3,Flume-3 将最终数据打印到控制台
在 hadoop102、hadoop103 以及 hadoop104 的/opt/module/flume/job 目录下创建一个
group3 文件夹。
[xwt@hadoop102 job]$ mkdir group3
[xwt@hadoop103 job]$ mkdir group3
[xwt@hadoop104 job]$ mkdir group3
创建 flume1-logger-flume.conf
配置 Source 用于监控 hive.log 文件,配置 Sink 输出数据到下一级 Flume
[xwt@hadoop102 group3]$ vim flume1-logger-flume.conf
# Name the components on this agent
a1.sources = r1
a1.sinks = k1
a1.channels = c1
# Describe/configure the source
a1.sources.r1.type = exec
a1.sources.r1.command = tail -F /opt/module/group.log
a1.sources.r1.shell = /bin/bash -c
# Describe the sink
a1.sinks.k1.type = avro
a1.sinks.k1.hostname = hadoop104
a1.sinks.k1.port = 4141
# Describe the channel
a1.channels.c1.type = memory
a1.channels.c1.capacity = 1000
a1.channels.c1.transactionCapacity = 100
# Bind the source and sink to the channel
a1.sources.r1.channels = c1
a1.sinks.k1.channel = c1
创建 flume2-netcat-flume.conf
配置 Source 监控端口 44444 数据流,配置 Sink 数据到下一级 Flume:
vim flume2-netcat-flume.conf
# Name the components on this agent
a2.sources = r1
a2.sinks = k1
a2.channels = c1
# Describe/configure the source
a2.sources.r1.type = netcat
a2.sources.r1.bind = hadoop103
a2.sources.r1.port = 44444
# Describe the sink
a2.sinks.k1.type = avro
a2.sinks.k1.hostname = hadoop104
a2.sinks.k1.port = 4141
# Use a channel which buffers events in memory
a2.channels.c1.type = memory
a2.channels.c1.capacity = 1000
a2.channels.c1.transactionCapacity = 100
# Bind the source and sink to the channel
a2.sources.r1.channels = c1
a2.sinks.k1.channel = c1
创建 flume3-flume-logger.conf
配置 source 用于接收 flume1 与 flume2 发送过来的数据流,最终合并后 sink 到控制
台。
# Name the components on this agent
a3.sources = r1
a3.sinks = k1
a3.channels = c1
# Describe/configure the source
a3.sources.r1.type = avro
a3.sources.r1.bind = hadoop104
a3.sources.r1.port = 4141
# Describe the sink
# Describe the sink
a3.sinks.k1.type = logger
# Describe the channel
a3.channels.c1.type = memory
a3.channels.c1.capacity = 1000
a3.channels.c1.transactionCapacity = 100
# Bind the source and sink to the channel
a3.sources.r1.channels = c1
a3.sinks.k1.channel = c1
分别开启对应配置文件:flume3-flume-logger.conf,flume2-netcat-flume.conf,
flume1-logger-flume.conf
[xwt@hadoop104 flume]$ bin/flume-ng agent --conf conf/ --name
a3 --conf-file job/group3/flume3-flume-logger.conf -
Dflume.root.logger=INFO,console
[xwt@hadoop102 flume]$ bin/flume-ng agent --conf conf/ --name
a2 --conf-file job/group3/flume1-logger-flume.conf
[xwt@hadoop103 flume]$ bin/flume-ng agent --conf conf/ --name
a1 --conf-file job/group3/flume2-netcat-flume.conf