oracle home 命令,Oracle 图形化以及命令行安装

相关版本说明

不同版本的Oracle需要安装在特定的系统版本之上。

如Oracle 11gR2的11.2.0.1.0需要安装在CentOS 5.X以及RHLE 5.X

硬件要求

Physical Memory >= 1G

Swap Space >= 2G (available)

Temporary Space >= 400MB

依赖库的安装

yum -y install binutils compat-libstdc++ compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf-devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc-devel glibc-headers ksh libaio-devel libstdc++-devel make sysstat unixODBC-devel binutils-* compat-libstdc++* elfutils-libelf* glibc* gcc-* libaio* libgcc* libstdc++* make* sysstat* unixODBC*

rpm -e ksh

yum install pdksh

相关参数设置

vi /etc/sysctl.conf

# Oracle Configuration

kernel.shmall = 2097152

kernel.shmmax = 2147483648

kernel.shmmni = 4096

# semaphors: semmsl, semmns, semopm, semmni

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

net.core.rmem_default=262144

net.core.wmem_default=262144

fs.file-max = 6815744

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

# Oracle Configuration End

echo "1048576" >/proc/sys/fs/aio-max-nr

Oracle用户

首先创建Oracle用户，在该用户下进行安装

创建步骤(需要具有root权限)：

$/usr/sbin/groupadd oinstall

$/usr/sbin/groupadd dba

$useradd –g oinstall -G dba -d /home/oracle -r oracle

$mkdir -p /home/oracle

$chown oracle:dba /home/oracle

$passwd oracle

使用id命令查看用户信息

$id oracle

输出：

uid=504(oracle) gid=500(oinstall) groups=500(oinstall),501(dba)

其中具体id数据可以不一样

Oracle安装

注：Oracle检查条件中：hard limit for maximum open file descriptors is set to at least 65536可以忽略

后续根据安装步骤进行即可

listener.ora配置

SID_LIST_LISTENER =

(SID_LIST =

(SID_DESC =

(SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)

(ORACLE_HOME = /bank/oracle/oracle10g/product/10.2.0)

(PROGRAM = extproc)

)

(SID_DESC =

(GLOBAL DBNAME = orcl)

(SID_NAME = orcl)

)

)

LISTENER =

(DESCRIPTION_LIST =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1))

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))

)

)

命令行安装

初始化配置

配置db_install.rsp文件

安装

./runInstaller -responseFile /home/oracle/database/response/db_install.rsp -silent -showProgress

Q&A

问题：[FATAL] [INS-32037] The operating system group specified for central inventory (oraInventory) ownership is invalid.

解决：

设置具有写oraInventory权限的组

UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall

INVENTORY_LOCATION=/home/oracle/oraInventory

问题：[FATAL] [INS-35071] Global database name cannot be left blank.

解决：ORACLE_HOSTNAME=oracle1

[FATAL] [INS-35071] Global database name cannot be left blank.

解决如：oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=oracle.sunyard

*问题： [FATAL] [INS-35175] No value given for the allocated memory of the database

解决：oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=512

[FATAL] [INS-30501] Automatic Storage Management software is not configured on this system.

配置Oracle存储方式

问题：[FATAL] [INS-30004] The ADMIN password entered is invalid.

解决：密码不能带@

[FATAL] [INS-35341] User is not a member of the following chosen OS groups

解决：

oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba

oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oinstall

问题：sqlplus: error while loading shared libraries: libsqlplus.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

解决：设置如下配置文件

# .bash_profile

if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then

. ~/.bashrc

fi

# for oracle i

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin

#oracle add

export ORACLE_BASE=/home/oracle/app/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1

export ORACLE_SID=orcl

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

问题：ORA-xxxxx: Message xxx not found; no message file for product=RDBMS, facility=ORA

解决：没有正确设置ORACLE_HOME路径，如app/oracle，需要设置为/home/oracle/app/oracle

问题：sqlplus: error while loading shared libraries: /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/lib/libclntsh.so.11.1: cannot restore segment prot after reloc: Permission denied

/etc/sysconfig/selinux 中改为SELINUX=disabled

chcon -t texrel_shlib_t $ORACLE_HOME/lib/*.so

部分操作参考：