脉冲宽度调制pdm_【2020年第3期文章推荐】基于高灵敏超导探测器的新型脉冲光高精度光纤陀螺技术研究...

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基于高灵敏超导探测器的新型脉冲光高精度光纤陀螺技术研究

王巍¹，冯文帅²，于海成² 

(1.中国航天科技集团有限公司，北京 100048；2.北京航天时代光电科技有限公司，北京 100094)

摘要：高精度光纤陀螺的精度主要由光纤陀螺检测噪声决定，一般可用角随机游走系数来表征，光纤陀螺的角随机游走主要由光路干涉信号的信噪比和信号处理引入的噪声决定。提出了基于高灵敏超导探测器的脉冲光高精度光纤陀螺技术方案和精度提升方法，实现了陀螺光信号的高灵敏检测，显著降低了光纤陀螺的热噪声，降低了相对强度噪声，并避免了连续光因调制切换引入的尖峰脉冲误差的影响，有效提升了光纤陀螺的精度水平。通过仿真分析，可将光纤陀螺的随机游走系数检测极限从3.53×10^-5(°)/h^1/2降低至1.6×10^-5(°)/h^1/2，减小了约54.7%。

关键词：光纤陀螺；高精度；脉冲光；超导探测器

Research on the Novel Pulsed Light High-precision Fiber Optic Gyroscope Based on a High-sensitive Superconducting Detector

WANG Wei¹, FENG Wen-shuai², YU Hai-cheng²

(1.China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, Beijing 100048; 2.Beijing Aerospace Times Optical-electronic Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing 100094)

Abstract: The accuracy of high-precision fiber optic gyroscope(FOG) is mainly determined by the detection noise of FOG, which can generally be characterized by the angle random walk(ARW) coefficient. The ARW of FOG is mainly determined by the signal-to-noise ratio of the optical interference signal and the noise introduced by the signal processing. In this paper, based on the high-sensitive superconducting detector, a pulsed light high-precision FOG technical solution and accuracy improvement method are proposed, which realize the high-sensitive detection of FOG optical signals, significantly reduce the thermal noise of FOG, reduce the relative intensity noise, and avoid the effect of the spike pulse errors introduced by the switching of continuous light, effectively improve the accuracy of the FOG. Through the simulation analysis, the detection limit of the ARW coefficient of the FOG can be reduced from 3.53×10^-5(°)/h^1/2 to 1.6×10^-5(°)/h^1/2, which is reduced by 54.7%.

Key words: fiber optic gyroscope(FOG); high-precision; pulsed light; superconducting detector

0 引言

光纤陀螺是一种没有机械转子的全固态惯性仪表，具有质量轻、体积小、功耗低、可靠性高、工作寿命长、启动速度快、测量范围大、供电电源简单、环境适应性较强等诸多优势。此外，光纤陀螺还具有精度高、适用面广、适于批量生产及成本低等优点，且其精度可以覆盖从战术级到战略级、从军用到民用等多种领域。

由于光纤陀螺本身各种误差源和应用环境的影响，光纤陀螺输出信号中存在各种随机误差项，包括随机漂移和输出噪声。其中，输出噪声大小是衡量光纤陀螺精度水平的重要指标。从光纤陀螺敏感输入到信