linux切换用户在哪里,【已解决】Linux的CentOS 7系统中如何切换用户

【背景】

折腾：

期间，需要去在CentOS 7中切换用户，到root，去执行对应的命令：

/usr/share/doc/dovecot-2.2.10/mkcert.sh

【折腾过程】

1.搜：

linux 切换用户

centos 7 切换用户

centos 7 switch user

参考：

su – xxx

==su -l xxx

不指定用户，默认为root，所以：

su -

== su -l

== su -l root

去试试：crifan@crifan:~$ ll /usr/share/doc/dovecot-2.2.10/

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 931 Jun 26 2014 mkcert.sh

crifan@crifan:~$ sudo /usr/share/doc/dovecot-2.2.10/mkcert.sh

sudo: /usr/share/doc/dovecot-2.2.10/mkcert.sh: command not found

crifan@crifan:~$ /usr/share/doc/dovecot-2.2.10/mkcert.sh

-bash: /usr/share/doc/dovecot-2.2.10/mkcert.sh: Permission denied

crifan@crifan:~$ su -

Password:

Last login: Sat Aug 15 14:53:40 CST 2015 on pts/1

Last failed login: Sat Aug 15 14:56:40 CST 2015 from 222.186.21.234 on ssh:notty

There were 22 failed login attempts since the last successful login.

[root@crifan ~]# chmod u+x //usr/share/doc/dovecot-2.2.10/mkcert.sh

[root@crifan ~]# ll //usr/share/doc/dovecot-2.2.10/mkcert.sh

-rwxr--r-- 1 root root 931 Jun 26 2014 //usr/share/doc/dovecot-2.2.10/mkcert.sh

[root@crifan ~]# ll /usr/share/doc/dovecot-2.2.10/mkcert.sh

-rwxr--r-- 1 root root 931 Jun 26 2014 /usr/share/doc/dovecot-2.2.10/mkcert.sh

[root@crifan ~]# /usr/share/doc/dovecot-2.2.10/mkcert.sh

Generating a 1024 bit RSA private key

.........................++++++

........++++++

writing new private key to '/etc/pki/dovecot/private/dovecot.pem'

-----

subject= /OU=IMAP server/CN=imap.example.com/emailAddress=postmaster@example.com

SHA1 Fingerprint=A9:6C:7D:87:90:2F:5A:3C:F3:7A:EB:3D:A8:D4:EE:C6:FD:88:39:39

[root@crifan ~]# su -l crifan

Last login: Sat Aug 15 14:56:32 CST 2015 on pts/1

crifan@crifan:~$

2.另外再去试试：crifan@crifan:~$ su

Password:

[root@crifan crifan]# pwd

/home/crifan

[root@crifan crifan]# su -l crifan

Last login: Sat Aug 15 14:58:05 CST 2015 on pts/1

crifan@crifan:~$ su -l

Password:

Last login: Sat Aug 15 15:01:21 CST 2015 on pts/1

[root@crifan ~]# su -l crifan

Last login: Sat Aug 15 15:01:32 CST 2015 on pts/1

crifan@crifan:~$ su -l root

Password:

Last login: Sat Aug 15 15:01:42 CST 2015 on pts/1

Last failed login: Sat Aug 15 15:02:01 CST 2015 from 222.186.21.234 on ssh:notty

There were 2 failed login attempts since the last successful login.

[root@crifan ~]# su -l crifan

Last login: Sat Aug 15 15:01:53 CST 2015 on pts/1

crifan@crifan:~$ su -

Password:

Last login: Sat Aug 15 15:02:02 CST 2015 on pts/1

Last failed login: Sat Aug 15 15:02:03 CST 2015 from 222.186.21.234 on ssh:notty

There was 1 failed login attempt since the last successful login.

[root@crifan ~]# su -l crifan

Last login: Sat Aug 15 15:02:12 CST 2015 on pts/1

如图：

【总结】

从普通用户切换到root，算有三种：su用su登录root后，不知道为何提示符变成了：

多了个 crifan，觉得很奇怪，不懂。

su –su -和su -l root好像是一样的。

su -l root推荐用此种，最完整的写法：su -l root

从root切换到普通用户：

su -l normal_username

比如：[root@crifan ~]# su -l crifan

Last login: Sat Aug 15 15:01:32 CST 2015 on pts/1