linux高版本模块在低版本运行,Re: 关于Linux下高版本内核编译低版本内核的问题...

下面是FC5下编译2.4.20的例子，FC5有bug，中文命名文件会没有反映，建议用稳定的FC4，FC5内核貌似2.6.15还是18忘了。

1.准备2.4.20的源代码

$tar jxf linux-2.4.20.tar.bz2

$mv linux-2.4.20 linux

$cd linux

$make mrproper

$make config

$make dep

上面这些步骤都能顺利

通过

$make bzImage

一会就出现了如下的 错误

/usr/linux-2.4.20/include/linux/smp.h:29: error: conflicting types for "smp_send_reschedule"

/usr/linux-2.4.20/include/asm/smp.h:42: error: previous declaration of "smp_send_reschedule" was here In file included from /usr/linux-2.4.20/include/linux/unistd.h:9,from init/main.c:17:

/usr/linux-2.4.20/include/asm/unistd.h:375: warning: conflicting types for built-in function "_exit"

这是因为FC5下的GCC版本太新(gcc4.1)

建议使用 gcc 2.95或者gcc3.2进行编译(Dave Thompson)

在网上寻找了一会，发现其实FC5下可以安装一个pachage，就可以使用gcc3.2，同时不会影响当前的gcc4.1。

于是就在

ftp://rpmfind.net/linux/fedora/core/5/i386/os/Fedora/RPMS/compat-gcc-32-3.2.3-55.fc5.i386.rpm

里下载了一个

该包的大致描述为：The compatibility GNU Compiler Collection Fedora Core 5 for i386，马上进行安装

$rpm -ivh compat-gcc-32-3.2.3-55.fc5.i386.rpm

安装完成后在/usr/bin下多了一个gcc32

于是马上修改Makefile，把里面的CC修改为 gcc32，接着

$make bzImage

经过漫长的等待(不长，也就15分钟左右)，结果等来的却是：

{standard input}: Assembler

messages:

{standard input}:936: Error: suffix or operands invalid for `mov"

{standard input}:937: Error: suffix or operands invalid for `mov"

{standard input}:1031: Error: suffix or operands invalid for `mov"

{standard input}:1032: Error: suffix or operands invalid for `mov"

{standard input}:1083: Error: suffix or operands invalid for `mov"

{standard input}:1084: Error: suffix or operands invalid for `mov"

{standard input}:1086: Error: suffix or operands invalid for `mov"

{standard input}:1098: Error: suffix or operands invalid for `mov"

结论：是FC5下的binutils的一个bug，

下载相应的补丁

http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/devel/binutils/linux-2.6-seg-5.patch

在待编译的内核源码(本例为linux-2.4.20/)的根目录下进行patch操作：

$patch -p1

patching file arch/i386/kernel/process.c

Hunk #1 succeeded at 693 with fuzz 1 (offset 96 lines).

patching file arch/i386/kernel/vm86.c

Hunk #1 FAILED at 294.

1 out of 1 hunk FAILED -- saving

rejects to file arch/i386/kernel/vm86.c.rej

patching file arch/x86_64/kernel/process.c

Hunk #1 succeeded at 458 with fuzz

2 (offset 67 lines).

Hunk #2 succeeded at 443 with fuzz 2 (offset -14 lines).

Hunk #3 FAILED at 458.

Hunk #4 FAILED at 479.

2 out of 4 hunks FAILED -- saving rejects to file arch/x86_64/kernel/process.c.rej

patching file include/asm-

i386/system.h

Hunk #1 succeeded at 84 (offset 3 lines).

Hunk #2 FAILED at 96.

1 out of 2 hunks FAILED -- saving rejects to

file include/asm-i386/system.h.rej

$make bzImage

又是漫长的等待，出现如下错误

{standard input}: Assembler messages:

{standard input}:936: Error: suffix or operands invalid for `mov"

{standard input}:937: Error: suffix or operands invalid for `mov"

{standard input}:1031: Error: suffix or operands invalid for `mov"

{standard input}:1032: Error: suffix or operands invalid for `mov"

make[1]: *** [process.o] 错误 1

make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/linux/arch/i386/kernel"

make: *** [_dir_arch/i386/kernel] 错误 2

是as的问题，再编辑

arch/i386/kernel/process.c

在579行，将

asm volatile("movl %%" #seg ",%0":"=m" (*(int *)&(value)))

改成

asm volatile("mov %%" #seg ",%0":"=m" (value))

执行

$make bzImage

一切正常

$make modules

$make modules_install

出现了如下的信息

cd /lib/modules/2.4.20; \

mkdir -p pcmcia; \

find kernel -path "*/pcmcia/*" -name "*.o" | xargs -i -r ln -sf ../{} pcmcia

if [ -r System.map ]; then /sbin/depmod -ae -F System.map 2.4.20; fi

Version requires old depmod, but couldn"t run /sbin/depmod.old: No such file or directory

make: *** [_modinst_post] 错误 2

那就创建一个depmod.old的链接

$ln -s /sbin/depmod /sbin/depmod.old

$make modules_install

$mkinitrd -f -v /boot/initrd-2.4.20.img 2.4.20

一切正常，修改相应的

lino或者 grub，重新启动。

如果你不是用FC5，再遇到错误贴出来我给你看。。。。