oracle中双冒号转义,Java 8中的::(双冒号)运算符

i_am_zero..

26

它似乎有点晚了,但这是我的两分钱.甲lambda表达式用于创建匿名方法.除了调用现有方法之外什么都不做,但直接通过名称引用该方法更为明确.和方法的参考,使我们在使用方法参照运营商来做::.

考虑以下简单类,其中每个员工都有一个名称和等级.

public class Employee {

private String name;

private String grade;

public Employee(String name, String grade) {

this.name = name;

this.grade = grade;

}

public String getName() {

return name;

}

public void setName(String name) {

this.name = name;

}

public String getGrade() {

return grade;

}

public void setGrade(String grade) {

this.grade = grade;

}

}

假设我们有一个通过某种方法返回的员工列表,我们希望按其等级对员工进行排序.我们知道我们可以使用匿名类:

List employeeList = getDummyEmployees();

// Using anonymous class

employeeList.sort(new Comparator() {

@Override

public int compare(Employee e1, Employee e2) {

return e1.getGrade().compareTo(e2.getGrade());

}

});

其中getDummyEmployee()是一些方法:

private static List getDummyEmployees() {

return Arrays.asList(new Employee("Carrie", "C"),

new Employee("Fanishwar", "F"),

new Employee("Brian", "B"),

new Employee("Donald", "D"),

new Employee("Adam", "A"),

new Employee("Evan", "E")

);

}

现在我们知道Comparator是一个功能接口.甲功能接口是具有正好一个抽象方法(尽管它可含有一个或多个默认的或静态的方法).Lambda表达式提供了实现,@FunctionalInterface因此功能接口只能有一个抽象方法.我们可以使用lambda表达式:

employeeList.sort((e1,e2) -> e1.getGrade().compareTo(e2.getGrade())); // lambda exp

看起来一切都很好但是如果课程Employee也提供了类似的方法:

public class Employee {

private String name;

private String grade;

// getter and setter

public static int compareByGrade(Employee e1, Employee e2) {

return e1.grade.compareTo(e2.grade);

}

}

在这种情况下,使用方法名称本身将更加清晰.因此我们可以通过使用方法引用直接引用方法:

employeeList.sort(Employee::compareByGrade); // method reference

根据文档,有四种方法参考:

+----+-------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+

| | Kind | Example |

+----+-------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+

| 1 | Reference to a static method | ContainingClass::staticMethodName |

+----+-------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+

| 2 |Reference to an instance method of a particular object | containingObject::instanceMethodName |

+----+-------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+

| 3 | Reference to an instance method of an arbitrary object| ContainingType::methodName |

| | of a particular type | |

+----+-------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+

| 4 |Reference to a constructor | ClassName::new |

+------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+