korn shell linux,korn shell点滴

$cat test.txt

ffff

oooo

$xxx=$($echo $xxx

ffff oooo

算数操作

$((arithmetic-expression))

$ echo $((3+5))

8

变量属性

typeset -attribute variable=value

或者

typeset -attribute variable

小写/大写属性-l/-u

$ typeset -l MYSYS=ASPD

$ print $MYSYS

aspd

只读属性 -r

$ typeset -r BACKUP_PATH=/backup

整数属性-i

$ typeset -i NUM=1

$ typeset -i NUM=$(who | wc -l)

$ typeset --i NUM=abc

/bin/ksh: NUM: bad number

浮点数属性-E, -F

-E 有效位数

-F 精度

$ typeset --E5 X=123.456

$ print $X

123.46

$ typeset --F5 X=123.456

$ print $X

123.45600

自动export属性-x

$ typeset --x PATH=$PATH:/lbin

多重属性

$ typeset --ix TMOUT=3000

变量扩展

${#variable}

length of variable

${variable:?-word}

value of variable if set and not null, else print word

${variable:= word}

value of variable if set and not null, else variable is set to word, then expanded

${variable:+word}

value of word if variable is set and not null, else nothing is substituted

${variable:?}

value of variable if set and not null, else print 'variable: parameter null or not set'

${variable:?word}

value of variable if set and not null, else print value of word and exit

${variable #pattern}

value of variable without the smallest beginning portion that matches pattern

${variable ##pattern}

value of variable without the largest beginning portion that matches pattern

${variable%pattern}

value of variable without the smallest ending portion that matches pattern

${variable%%pattern}

value of variable without the largest ending portion that matches pattern

${variable//pattern1/pattern2}

replace all occurrences of pattern1 with pattern2 in variable

数组

$ X=A

$ X[1]=B #X[0]仍然是A

数组赋值和声明

variable[0]=value variable[1]=value. . . variable[n]=value

或

set -A variable value0 value1 . . . valuen

或

typeset variable[0]=value variable[1]=value. . .variable[n]=value

数组变量

${array}, $array

array element zero

${array[n]}

array element n

${array[n+2]}

array element n+2

${array[$i]}

array element $i

${array[*]}, ${array[@]}

all elements of an array

${#array[*]}, ${#array[@]}

number of array elements

${#array[n]

length of array element n

${!array[*]}, ${!array[@]}

all initialized subscript values

${!array[*]:n:x}

x array elements starting withelement n

${!array[@]:n}

all array elements starting with element n