samba的Linux客户端搭建,Linux搭建Samba服务（认证访问）

【RHEL8】—SMBserver；【RHEL7】—SMBclient

！！！测试环境我们首关闭防火墙和selinux(SMBserver和SMBclient都需要)

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl disable firewalld

[root@localhost ~]# sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config

[root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0

一、Samba服务端配置

1、查看一下服务端IP

[root@SMBserver ~]# ifconfig

ens160: flags=4163 mtu 1500

inet 192.168.174.128 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.174.255

inet6 fe80::fa13:32e0:3b9f:2196 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20

ether 00:0c:29:cd:6a:1b txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)

RX packets 1109 bytes 92293 (90.1 KiB)

RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0

TX packets 658 bytes 77689 (75.8 KiB)

TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0

lo: flags=73 mtu 65536

inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0

inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10

loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback)

RX packets 88 bytes 7600 (7.4 KiB)

RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0

TX packets 88 bytes 7600 (7.4 KiB)

TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0

2、SMBserver安装Samba服务，并设置开机自启

[root@SMBserver ~]# yum install -y samba

[root@SMBserver ~]# rpm -qa samba

samba-4.10.4-1.el8.x86_64

[root@SMBserver ~]# systemctl start smb nmb

[root@SMBserver ~]# systemctl enable smb nmb

Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/smb.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/smb.service.

Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/nmb.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/nmb.service.

3、查看端口是否监听

[root@SMBserver ~]# netstat -tunlp

Active Internet connections (only servers)

Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1083/sshd

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:445 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 18363/smbd

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:139 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 18363/smbd

tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 1083/sshd

tcp6 0 0 :::445 :::* LISTEN 18363/smbd

tcp6 0 0 :::139 :::* LISTEN 18363/smbd

udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:68 0.0.0.0:* 1588/dhclient

udp 0 0 192.168.174.255:137 0.0.0.0:* 18367/nmbd

udp 0 0 192.168.174.128:137 0.0.0.0:* 18367/nmbd

udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:137 0.0.0.0:* 18367/nmbd

udp 0 0 192.168.174.255:138 0.0.0.0:* 18367/nmbd

udp 0 0 192.168.174.128:138 0.0.0.0:* 18367/nmbd

udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:138 0.0.0.0:* 18367/nmbd

4、创建认证用户(zhangsan)，并为zhangsan用户创建smb共享密码

[root@SMBserver ~]# useradd -M zhangsan

[root@SMBserver ~]# id zhangsan

uid=1000(zhangsan) gid=1000(zhangsan) 组=1000(zhangsan)

[root@SMBserver ~]# smbpasswd -a zhangsan

New SMB password: //这里我设置密码123456

Retype new SMB password:

Added user zhangsan.

5、创建共享资源，并给予完全共享的(给全部的权限)

[root@SMBserver ~]# mkdir -p /sambadir/share

[root@SMBserver ~]# chmod 777 /sambadir/share/

[root@SMBserver ~]# ll /sambadir/

总用量 0

drwxrwxrwx. 2 root root 6 8月 1 15:28 share

6、编辑配置文件

[root@SMBserver ~]# vim /etc/samba/smb.conf

[root@SMBserver ~]# cat /etc/samba/smb.conf

# See smb.conf.example for a more detailed config file or

# read the smb.conf manpage.

# Run 'testparm' to verify the config is correct after

# you modified it.

[global]

workgroup = SAMBA

security = user

passdb backend = tdbsam

printing = cups

printcap name = cups

load printers = yes

cups options = raw

[homes]

comment = Home Directories

valid users = %S, %D%w%S

browseable = No

read only = No

inherit acls = Yes

[printers]

comment = All Printers

path = /var/tmp

printable = Yes

create mask = 0600

browseable = No

[print$]

comment = Printer Drivers

path = /var/lib/samba/drivers

write list = @printadmin root

force group = @printadmin

create mask = 0664

directory mask = 0775

[share]

comment = my first samba-file

path = /sambadir/share

browseable = yes

public = yes

writeable = yes

write list = zhangsan //添加这句，允许zhangsan 用户访问该文件目录

7、测试smb.conf文件语法是否错误

[root@SMBserver ~]# testparm

Load smb config files from /etc/samba/smb.conf

Loaded services file OK.

Server role: ROLE_STANDALONE

Press enter to see a dump of your service definitions

//这里提示这样的信息，叫你回车就会显示刚刚写的配置文件的内容，就代表没有语法错误，我就没回车了，节省时间

8、重启smb，nmb服务

[root@SMBserver ~]# systemctl restart smb

[root@SMBserver ~]# systemctl restart nmb

[root@SMBserver ~]# netstat -tunlp

Active Internet connections (only servers)

Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1083/sshd

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:445 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 24451/smbd

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:139 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 24451/smbd

tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 1083/sshd

tcp6 0 0 :::445 :::* LISTEN 24451/smbd

tcp6 0 0 :::139 :::* LISTEN 24451/smbd

udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:68 0.0.0.0:* 1588/dhclient

udp 0 0 192.168.174.255:137 0.0.0.0:* 24462/nmbd

udp 0 0 192.168.174.128:137 0.0.0.0:* 24462/nmbd

udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:137 0.0.0.0:* 24462/nmbd

udp 0 0 192.168.174.255:138 0.0.0.0:* 24462/nmbd

udp 0 0 192.168.174.128:138 0.0.0.0:* 24462/nmbd

udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:138 0.0.0.0:* 24462/nmbd

到这认证访问的服务端就配置完成

二、配置客户端

1、SMBclient查看是否有安装samba-client，cifs-utils软件包

[root@smbclient ~]# yum info samba-client cifs-utils

已加载插件：product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager

This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use subscription-manager to register.

可安装的软件包

名称 ：cifs-utils

架构 ：x86_64

版本 ：6.2

发布 ：10.el7

大小 ：85 k

源 ：dvd

简介 ： Utilities for mounting and managing CIFS mounts

网址 ：http://linux-cifs.samba.org/cifs-utils/

协议 ： GPLv3

描述 ： The SMB/CIFS protocol is a standard file sharing protocol widely deployed

: on Microsoft Windows machines. This package contains tools for mounting

: shares on Linux using the SMB/CIFS protocol. The tools in this package

: work in conjunction with support in the kernel to allow one to mount a

: SMB/CIFS share onto a client and use it as if it were a standard Linux

: file system.

名称 ：samba-client

架构 ：x86_64

版本 ：4.6.2

发布 ：8.el7

大小 ：597 k

源 ：dvd

简介 ： Samba client programs

网址 ：http://www.samba.org/

协议 ： GPLv3+ and LGPLv3+

描述 ： The samba-client package provides some SMB/CIFS clients to complement

: the built-in SMB/CIFS filesystem in Linux. These clients allow access

: of SMB/CIFS shares and printing to SMB/CIFS printers.

2、安装samba-client，cifs-utils软件包

[root@smbclient ~]# yum install -y samba-client cifs-utils

[root@smbclient ~]# rpm -qa samba-client cifs-utils

cifs-utils-6.2-10.el7.x86_64

samba-client-4.6.2-8.el7.x86_64

3、客户端以zhangsan用户身份查看samba服务器有哪些共享资源

[root@smbclient ~]# smbclient -L //192.168.174.128 -U zhangsan

Enter SAMBA\zhangsan's password: //输入刚刚给zhangsan用户创建的smb共享密码

Domain=[SMBSERVER] OS=[Windows 6.1] Server=[Samba 4.10.4]

Sharename Type Comment

--------- ---- -------

print$ Disk Printer Drivers

share Disk my first samba-file

IPC$ IPC IPC Service (Samba 4.10.4)

zhangsan Disk Home Directories

Domain=[SMBSERVER] OS=[Windows 6.1] Server=[Samba 4.10.4]

Server Comment

--------- -------

Workgroup Master

--------- -------

SAMBA SMBSERVER

4、客户端创建挂载目录

[root@smbclient ~]# mkdir /smbdir

5、客户端以zhangsan用户身份挂载服务端共享的资源目录

[root@smbclient ~]# mount.cifs -o username=zhangsan,password=123456 //192.168.174.128/share /smbdir/

//这里不需要输入密码

如果密码错误会会提示报错

错误示例：

[root@smbclient ~]# mount.cifs -o username=zhangsan,password=123 //192.168.174.128/share /smbdir/

mount error(13): Permission denied

Refer to the mount.cifs(8) manual page (e.g. man mount.cifs)

//这里就会显示拒绝访问

6、查看是否挂载成功

[root@smbclient ~]# df -h

文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点

/dev/mapper/rhel-root 50G 1.1G 49G 3% /

devtmpfs 901M 0 901M 0% /dev

tmpfs 912M 0 912M 0% /dev/shm

tmpfs 912M 8.7M 904M 1% /run

tmpfs 912M 0 912M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup

/dev/sr0 3.8G 3.8G 0 100% /mnt

/dev/mapper/rhel-home 27G 33M 27G 1% /home

/dev/sda1 1014M 143M 872M 15% /boot

tmpfs 183M 0 183M 0% /run/user/0

//192.168.174.128/share 50G 2.0G 49G 4% /smbdir

//最后一行说明挂载成功

三、测试

1、首先在客户端创建两个文件，然后在服务端查看

//SMBclient

[root@smbclient ~]# cd /smbdir/

[root@smbclient smbdir]# ls

[root@smbclient smbdir]# touch {file1,file2}

[root@smbclient smbdir]# ls

file1 file2

//SMBserver

[root@SMBserver ~]# cd /sambadir/share/

[root@SMBserver share]# ls

file1 file2

2、在windows的资源管理器上登录