linux file命令,linux的file命令

file命令在linux下的主要作用是用来检测并显示文件类型的。下面由学习啦小编为大家整理了linux的file命令的相关知识，希望大家喜欢!

Linux的file命令详解

用途说明

file命令是用来检测并显示文件类型(determine file type)。

常用参数

-b 　不显示文件名称，只显示文件类型。在shell脚本中时有用。

-i 显示MIME类别。

-L 　直接显示符号连接所指向的文件的类别。

-f namefile 指定名称文件(namefile)，该文件每一行为一个文件名，file命令将按每一行的文件名辨别该文件的类型

Linux的file命令使用示例

示例一 显示文件类型

[root@web ~]# file install.log

install.log: UTF-8 Unicode text

[root@web ~]# file -b install.log <== 不显示文件名称

UTF-8 Unicode text

[root@web ~]# file -i install.log <== 显示MIME类别。

install.log: text/plain; charset=utf-8

[root@web ~]# file -b -i install.log

text/plain; charset=utf-8

[root@web ~]#

示例二 显示符号链接的文件类型

[root@rhel55 ~]# ls -l /var/mail

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 08-13 00:11 /var/mail -> spool/mail

[root@rhel55 ~]# file /var/mail

/var/mail: symbolic link to `spool/mail'

[root@rhel55 ~]# file -L /var/mail

/var/mail: directory

[root@rhel55 ~]# file /var/spool/mail

/var/spool/mail: directory

[root@rhel55 ~]# file -L /var/spool/mail

/var/spool/mail: directory

[root@rhel55 ~]#

示例三

[root@web186 root]# file *

1.sh: ASCII text

1.txt: empty

20080308xzmf.txt: ASCII text, with CRLF line terminators

448FD15874B0DC51.wav: RIFF (little-endian) data, WAVE audio, ITU G.711 a-law, mono 8000 Hz

449110BA327B23C6.vox: 8086 relocatable (Microsoft)

600d.wav: RIFF (little-endian) data, WAVE audio, Microsoft PCM, 16 bit, stereo 44100 Hz

anaconda-ks.cfg: ASCII English text

banner.swf: data

commons-beanutils.jar: Zip archive data, at least v1.0 to extract

cvs_accept.sh: Bourne shell script text executable

data: directory

employer0605.txt: Non-ISO extended-ASCII text

GetFirstFile.class: compiled Java class data, version 49.0

GetFirstFile.java: ASCII Java program text

HELPFILE: C++ program text

httptunnel.zip: Zip archive data, at least v2.0 to extract

iptables_man.txt: ASCII English text, with overstriking

lnx61su_171.tar.gz: gzip compressed data, from Unix

megamgr.bin.filepart: ELF 32-bit LSB executable, Intel 80386, version 1 (SYSV), for GNU/Linux 2.0.0, statically linked, stripped

MegaPR_Linux_A02.tar.gz: gzip compressed data, was "MegaPR_Linux_A02.tar", from Win/32

mess0429.txt: ISO-8859 text, with very long lines

smartmontools-5.36.tar.gz: gzip compressed data, from Unix, max compression

sms.qunfa: ELF 32-bit LSB executable, Intel 80386, version 1 (SYSV), for GNU/Linux 2.2.5, dynamically linked (uses shared libs), not stripped

sms.vip.cfg: ISO-8859 text, with very long lines

top.txt: ASCII text, with CRLF, LF line terminators

voice20061128.rar: RAR archive data

vox2amr.sh: Bourne-Again shell script text executable

[root@web186 root]#

注：使用file命令显示出来的文件类型有些情况下不一定太准确，如上面黑体显示的.vox文件格式，应该是Dialogic VOX File格式的。