android6.0网络请求,Android网络请求1

8种机械键盘轴体对比

本人程序员，要买一个写代码的键盘，请问红轴和茶轴怎么选？

在早期的时候，Android上还没有像Volley、OkHttp、Retrofit这些优秀的开源库，如果想要使用网络请求的话，就只能自己封装HttpClient和HttpURLConnection。现在我们就来看下Apache的这两个类。

2.1 导入HttpClient

由于从Android 6.0 开始，谷歌就将HttpClient从Android中删除了，所以若现在想使用他，还得导入依赖：

在项目的build.gradle的Android代码块下加入依赖，示例：1

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4android {

useLibrary 'org.apache.http.legacy'

...

}

2.2 HttpClient的Get

首先通过DefaultHttpClient来实例化一个HttpClient，并配置好参数：1

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15private HttpClient (){

HttpParams mDefaultHttpParams = new BasicHttpParams();

//设置连接超时

HttpConnectionParams.setConnectionTimeout(mDefaultHttpParams, 15000);

//设置请求超时

HttpConnectionParams.setSoTimeout(mDefaultHttpParams, 15000);

HttpConnectionParams.setTcpNoDelay(mDefaultHttpParams, true);

HttpProtocolParams.setVersion(mDefaultHttpParams, HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1);

HttpProtocolParams.setContentCharset(mDefaultHttpParams, HTTP.UTF_8);

//持续握手

HttpProtocolParams.setUseExpectContinue(mDefaultHttpParams, true);

HttpClient mHttpClient = new DefaultHttpClient(mDefaultHttpParams);

return mHttpClient;

}

接着创建HttpGet和HttpClient，请求网络并得到HttpResponse，并对HttpResponse进行处理：1

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18private void useHttpClientGet(String url){

HttpGet mHttpGet = new HttpGet(url);

mHttpGet.addHeader("Connection", "Keep-Alive");

try {

HttpClient mHttpClient = createHttpClient();

HttpResponse mHttpResponse = mHttpClient.execute(mHttpGet);

HttpEntity mHttpEntity = mHttpResponse.getEntity();

int code = mHttpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();

if (null != mHttpEntity) {

InputStream mInputStream = mHttpEntity.getContent();

String respose = converStreamToString(mInputStream);

Log.i("wangshu", "请求状态码:" + code + "n请求结果:n" + respose);

mInputStream.close();

}

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

converStreamToString()方法将请求结果转换成String类型：1

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10private String converStreamToString(InputStream is) throws IOException{

BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));

StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();

String line = null;

while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {

sb.append(line + "n");

}

String respose = sb.toString();

return respose;

}

最后开启线程访问:1

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6new Thread(new Runnable() {

public void run(){

useHttpClientGet("http://www.baidu.com");

}

}).start();

1.3 HttpClient的POST

和GET差不多，只需要修改传递的参数：1

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23private void useHttpClientPost(String url){

HttpPost mHttpPost = new HttpPost(url);

mHttpPost.addHeader("Connection", "Keep-Alive");

try {

HttpClient mHttpClient = createHttpClient();

List postParams = new ArrayList<>();

//要传递的参数

postParams.add(new BasicNameValuePair("username", "moon"));

postParams.add(new BasicNameValuePair("password", "123"));

mHttpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(postParams));

HttpResponse mHttpResponse = mHttpClient.execute(mHttpPost);

HttpEntity mHttpEntity = mHttpResponse.getEntity();

int code = mHttpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();

if (null != mHttpEntity) {

InputStream mInputStream = mHttpEntity.getContent();

String respose = converStreamToString(mInputStream);

Log.i("wangshu", "请求状态码:" + code + "n请求结果:n" + respose);

mInputStream.close();

}

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

2. HttpURLConnection

HttpURLConnection较HttpClient来说更轻量，而且他API也比HttpClient简单。特别是Android 6.0将HttpClient移除之后，现在只能使用HttpURLConnection。

2.1 HttpURLConnection的POST请求

首先我们创建一个UrlConnManager类，然后里面提供getHttpURLConnection()方法用于配置默认的参数并返回HttpURLConnection：1

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22public static HttpURLConnection getHttpURLConnection(String url){

HttpURLConnection mHttpURLConnection=null;

try {

URL mUrl=new URL(url);

mHttpURLConnection=(HttpURLConnection)mUrl.openConnection();

//设置链接超时时间

mHttpURLConnection.setConnectTimeout(15000);

//设置读取超时时间

mHttpURLConnection.setReadTimeout(15000);

//设置请求参数

mHttpURLConnection.setRequestMethod("POST");

//添加Header

mHttpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Connection","Keep-Alive");

//接收输入流

mHttpURLConnection.setDoInput(true);

//传递参数时需要开启

mHttpURLConnection.setDoOutput(true);

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

return mHttpURLConnection ;

}

因为我们要发送POST请求，所以在UrlConnManager类中再写一个postParams()方法用来组织一下请求参数并将请求参数写入到输出流中：1

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15public static void postParams(OutputStream output,ListparamsList) throws IOException{

StringBuilder mStringBuilder=new StringBuilder();

for (NameValuePair pair:paramsList){

if(!TextUtils.isEmpty(mStringBuilder)){

mStringBuilder.append("&");

}

mStringBuilder.append(URLEncoder.encode(pair.getName(),"UTF-8"));

mStringBuilder.append("=");

mStringBuilder.append(URLEncoder.encode(pair.getValue(),"UTF-8"));

}

BufferedWriter writer=new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(output,"UTF-8"));

writer.write(mStringBuilder.toString());

writer.flush();

writer.close();

}

接下来我们添加请求参数，调用postParams()方法将请求的参数组织好传给HttpURLConnection的输出流，请求连接并处理返回的结果：1

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19private void useHttpUrlConnectionPost(String url){

InputStream mInputStream = null;

HttpURLConnection mHttpURLConnection = UrlConnManager.getHttpURLConnection(url);

try {

List postParams = new ArrayList<>();

//要传递的参数

postParams.add(new BasicNameValuePair("username", "moon"));

postParams.add(new BasicNameValuePair("password", "123"));

UrlConnManager.postParams(mHttpURLConnection.getOutputStream(), postParams);

mHttpURLConnection.connect();

mInputStream = mHttpURLConnection.getInputStream();

int code = mHttpURLConnection.getResponseCode();

String respose = converStreamToString(mInputStream);

Log.i("wangshu", "请求状态码:" + code + "n请求结果:n" + respose);

mInputStream.close();

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

最后开启线程请求网络：1

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8private void useHttpUrlConnectionGetThread(){

new Thread(new Runnable() {

public void run(){

useHttpUrlConnectionPost("http://www.baidu.com");

}

}).start();

}