linux段异常,gettimeofday()为什么会出现段异常-CSDN博客

gettimeofday()为什么会出现段错误

我两个程序，同样的程序流程，只不过一个是结构体变量，一个是结构体指针，但是为什么结构体指针运行完之后报错，说段错误。

正确的程序是这个：

#gettimeofday_r.c

C/C++ code#include

#include

void foo()

{

int i = 0;

for (; i <= 10000; i++);

}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])

{

struct timeval start;

struct timeval end;

float timeuse;

gettimeofday(&start, NULL);

printf("start time is %d:%d\n", start.tv_sec, start.tv_usec);

foo();

gettimeofday(&end, NULL);

printf("end time is %d:%d\n", end.tv_sec, end.tv_usec);

timeuse = 1000000 * (end.tv_sec - start.tv_sec) + ( end.tv_usec - start.tv_usec );

printf("timeuse1 is %f \n", timeuse);

timeuse /= 1000000;

printf("timeuse2 is %f \n", timeuse);

printf("use time is %f\n", timeuse);

return 0;

}

运行结果是：

C/C++ codestart time is 1331190741:726493

end time is 1331190741:726691

timeuse1 is 198.000000

timeuse2 is 0.000198

use time is 0.000198

错误的代码是：

#gettimeofday_w.c

C/C++ code#include

#include

void foo()

{

int i = 0;

for (; i <= 10000; i++);

}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])

{

struct timeval *start;

struct timeval *end;

float timeuse;

gettimeofday(start, NULL);

printf("start time is %d:%d\n", start->tv_sec, start->tv_usec);

foo();

gettimeofday(end, NULL);

printf("end time is %d:%d\n", end->tv_sec, end->tv_usec);

timeuse = 1000000 * (end->tv_sec - start->tv_sec) + ( end->tv_usec - start->tv_usec );

printf("timeuse1 is %f \n", timeuse);

timeuse /= 1000000;

printf("timeuse2 is %f \n", timeuse);

printf("use time is %f\n", timeuse);

return 0;

}

运行结果是：

C/C++ codestart time is 1331190767:111354

end time is 1331190767:111558

timeuse1 is 204.000000

timeuse2 is 0.000204

use time is 0.000204

Segmentation fault

错误的代码我用gdb调试，最后的程序到最后一个括号结束了，然后提示：

Cannot find bounds of current function

Program received signal SIGSEGV，segmentation fault

------解决方案--------------------

看一下函数声明就知道了，第一个参数必须是指针。

int gettimeofday(struct timeval *tv, struct timezone *tz);

------解决方案--------------------

你没有给指针分配空间啊

start=(struct timeval *)malloc(struct timeval);

gettimeofday(start, NULL);

------解决方案--------------------

函数需要一个指针，而你给了它一个未初始化的指针，程序没崩溃就算运气好了。

第一种才是标准用法，第二种需要这样：

struct timeval start;

struct timeval *pstart ＝ &start;

gettimeofday(...);