linux进程同步的实验结果,Linux信号量同步共享内存实验.

简述

本文主要内容是自己对信号量和共享内存系统函数的整理,及简单使用,以方便以后可能再次使用的情况.也可以为比较熟悉信号量和共享内存的人方便的回忆使用方法.

实验简述.

1.本实验程序有两个进程,一个写,一个读.

2.写进程不断向创建的共享内存写数据.

3.读进程通过getchar()共享内存的最新数据.

4.读写共享内存时通过信号量同步.

信号量和共享内存的系统函数

信号量系统函数及接口

#include "sem.h"

#include "debug.h"

#define IPCKEY_PATH "/"

#define SEM_NUMS 1

#define SEM_OPS_NUM 1

#define ACCESS_BIT 0666

#define TAG "SemInterface"

int sem_new(unsigned char projid, int init_val)

{

key_t key;

int semid;

union semun sem_union;

key = ftok(IPCKEY_PATH, projid);

if(key < 0)

{

LOG_E("ftok error: %s\n", strerror(errno));

return SEM_FAILURE;

}

semid = semget(key, SEM_NUMS, ACCESS_BIT|IPC_CREAT|IPC_EXCL);

if(semid < 0)

{

if(errno == EEXIST)

{

LOG_E("sem exist: %s\n", strerror(errno));

return SEM_EXIST;

}

LOG_E("create sme error: %s\n", strerror(errno));

return SEM_FAILURE;

}

sem_union.val = init_val;

if((semctl(semid, 0, SETVAL, sem_union)) < 0)

{

LOG_E("set sem val error: %s\n", strerror(errno));

return SEM_FAILURE;

}

return semid;

}

int sem_get(unsigned char proj_id)

{

key_t key;

int semid;

union semun sem_union;

key = ftok(IPCKEY_PATH, proj_id);

if(key < 0)

{

LOG_E("ftok error: %s\n", strerror(errno));

return SEM_FAILURE;

}

semid = semget(key, SEM_NUMS, ACCESS_BIT);

if(semid < 0)

{

LOG_E("create sme error: %s\n", strerror(errno));

return SEM_FAILURE;

}

return semid;

}

int sem_p(int semid)

{

struct sembuf sem_buf;

sem_buf.sem_num = 0;

sem_buf.sem_op = -1;

sem_buf.sem_flg = SEM_UNDO;

if(semop(semid, &sem_buf, SEM_OPS_NUM) < 0)

{

LOG_E("sem P opration error: %s", strerror(errno));

return SEM_FAILURE;

}

return SEM_SUCCESS;

}

int sem_v(int semid)

{

struct sembuf sem_buf;

sem_buf.sem_num = 0;

sem_buf.sem_op = 1;

sem_buf.sem_flg = SEM_UNDO;

if(semop(semid, &sem_buf, SEM_OPS_NUM) < 0)

{

LOG_E("sem V opration error: %s", strerror(errno));

return SEM_FAILURE;

}

return SEM_SUCCESS;

}

int sem_del(int semid)

{

union semun sem_union;

if(semctl(semid, 0, IPC_RMID, sem_union) < 0)

{

LOG_E("remove sem error: %s\n", strerror(errno));

return SEM_FAILURE;

}

return SEM_SUCCESS;

}

共享内存系统函数及接口

#include "shmem.h"

#include "debug.h"

#define IPCKEY_PATH "/"

#define ACCESS_BIT 0666

#define TAG "ShareMem"

int shm_new(unsigned char PROJID, size_t size)

{

int shmid;

key_t key;

key = ftok(IPCKEY_PATH, PROJID);

if(key < 0)

{

LOG_E("get IPC key error: %s\n", strerror(errno));

return SHM_FAILURE;

}

shmid = shmget(key, size, ACCESS_BIT|IPC_CREAT);

if(shmid < 0)

{

LOG_E("get share mem error: %s\n", strerror(errno));

return SHM_FAILURE;

}

return shmid;

}

char *shem_get_addr(int shmid)

{

char *p;

if((p = (shmat(shmid, NULL, 0))) == (char *)-1)

{

LOG_E("get share mem addr error: %s\n", strerror(errno));

return NULL;

}

return p;

}

int shm_del(int shmid)

{

if(shmctl(shmid, IPC_RMID, NULL) < 0)

{

LOG_E("remove share mem error: %s\n", strerror(errno));

return SHM_FAILURE;

}

return SHM_SUCCESS;

}

int shm_detach(char *shmaddr)

{

if(shmdt(shmaddr) < 0)

{

LOG_E("share mem detach error: %s\n", strerror(errno));

return SHM_FAILURE;

}

return SHM_SUCCESS;

}

void shm_read(char *buf, char *shmaddr)

{

strncpy(buf, shmaddr, strlen(shmaddr) + 1);

}

void shm_write(char *shmaddr, char *buf)

{

strncpy(shmaddr, buf, strlen(buf) + 1);

}

void shm_data_init(char *shmaddr)

{

memset(shmaddr, 0, SHM_SIZE);

//strncpy(shmaddr, INIT_DATA, strlen(INIT_DATA) + 1);

}

写程序

写进程通过fgets()模拟输入,从终端读取数据写入共享内存,遇到exit时退出程序.

#include

#include

#include

#include "debug.h"

#include "sem.h"

#include "shmem.h"

#define SEM_PROJID '*'

#define SHM_PROJID '-'

#define TAG "SemServer"

//#define ENDOFSTR '\0'

#define SHM_SIZE 0x1F4000

int main()

{

int semid;

int shmid;

char *shmaddr;

char buf[SHM_SIZE];

semid = sem_new(SEM_PROJID, 1);

if(SEM_FAILURE == semid)

{

exit(-1);

} else if(SEM_EXIST == semid)

{

if((semid = sem_get(SEM_PROJID)) < 0)

{

exit(-1);

}

LOG_D("get sem success\n");

}

else LOG_D("get new sem success\n");

shmid = shm_new(SHM_PROJID, SHM_SIZE);

if(SEM_FAILURE == shmid)

{

exit(-1);

}

LOG_D("get share mem success\n");

shmaddr = shem_get_addr(shmid);

if(NULL == shmaddr)

{

exit(-1);

}

shm_data_init(shmaddr);

while(1)

{

if(fgets(buf, SHM_SIZE, stdin) == NULL)

{

LOG_E("get std input error: %s", strerror(errno));

exit(-1);

}

buf[strlen(buf) - 1] = '\0';

sem_p(semid);

shm_write(shmaddr, buf);

LOG_D("you write : %s\n",buf);

sem_v(semid);

if(strncmp(buf, "exit", 4) == 0)

{

LOG_D("process finish exit\n");

break;

}

}

if(shm_detach(shmaddr) == SHM_FAILURE)

{

exit(-1);

}

LOG_D("process exit\n");

return 0;

}

读程序

读进程通过getchar(),输入回车后, 开始读取共享内存中最新一次的数据.遇到exit后退出程序.

#include

#include

#include

#include "debug.h"

#include "sem.h"

#include "shmem.h"

#define SEM_PROJID '*'

#define SHM_PROJID '-'

#define TAG "SemServer"

#define SHM_SIZE 0x1F4000

int main()

{

int semid;

int shmid;

char *shmaddr;

char buf[SHM_SIZE];

semid = sem_new(SEM_PROJID, 1);

if(SEM_FAILURE == semid)

{

exit(-1);

} else if(SEM_EXIST == semid)

{

if((semid = sem_get(SEM_PROJID)) < 0)

{

exit(-1);

}

LOG_D("get sem success\n");

}

else LOG_D("get new sem success\n");

shmid = shm_new(SHM_PROJID, SHM_SIZE);

if(SEM_FAILURE == shmid)

{

exit(-1);

}

LOG_D("get share mem success\n");

shmaddr = shem_get_addr(shmid);

if(NULL == shmaddr)

{

exit(-1);

}

while(1)

{

getchar();

sem_p(semid);

shm_read(buf, shmaddr);

LOG_D("you read : %s\n",buf);

sem_v(semid);

if(strncmp(buf, "exit", 4) == 0)

{

LOG_D("process finish exit\n");

break;

}

}

if(shm_del(shmid) == SHM_FAILURE)

{

exit(-1);

}

LOG_D("process exit\n");

return 0;

}

程序测试：