linux系统查dns,linux中查询dns示例

/*

* DNS Query Program on Linux

*

* Author : ismdeep@live.com

*

* */

//Header Files

#include //printf

#include //strlen

#include //malloc

#include //you know what this is for

#include //inet_addr , inet_ntoa , ntohs etc

#include

#include //getpid

//List of DNS Servers registered on the system

char dns_servers[10][100];

int dns_server_count = 0;

//Types of DNS resource records :)

#define T_A 1 //Ipv4 address

#define T_NS 2 //Nameserver

#define T_CNAME 5 // canonical name

#define T_SOA 6 /* start of authority zone */

#define T_PTR 12 /* domain name pointer */

#define T_MX 15 //Mail server

//Function Prototypes

void ngethostbyname (unsigned char* , int);

void ChangetoDnsNameFormat (unsigned char*,unsigned char*);

unsigned char* ReadName (unsigned char*,unsigned char*,int*);

void get_dns_servers();

//DNS header structure

struct DNS_HEADER

{

unsigned short id; // identification number

unsigned char rd :1; // recursion desired

unsigned char tc :1; // truncated message

unsigned char aa :1; // authoritive answer

unsigned char opcode :4; // purpose of message

unsigned char qr :1; // query/response flag

unsigned char rcode :4; // response code

unsigned char cd :1; // checking disabled

unsigned char ad :1; // authenticated data

unsigned char z :1; // its z! reserved

unsigned char ra :1; // recursion available

unsigned short q_count; // number of question entries

unsigned short ans_count; // number of answer entries

unsigned short auth_count; // number of authority entries

unsigned short add_count; // number of resource entries

};

//Constant sized fields of query structure

struct QUESTION

{

unsigned short qtype;

unsigned short qclass;

};

//Constant sized fields of the resource record structure

#pragma pack(push, 1)

struct R_DATA

{

unsigned short type;

unsigned short _class;

unsigned int ttl;

unsigned short data_len;

};

#pragma pack(pop)

//Pointers to resource record contents

struct RES_RECORD

{

unsigned char *name;

struct R_DATA *resource;

unsigned char *rdata;

};

//Structure of a Query

typedef struct

{

unsigned char *name;

struct QUESTION *ques;

} QUERY;

int main( int argc , char *argv[])

{

unsigned char hostname[100];

//Get the DNS servers from the resolv.conf file

get_dns_servers();

//Get the hostname from the terminal

printf("Enter Hostname to Lookup : ");

scanf("%s" , hostname);

//Now get the ip of this hostname , A record

ngethostbyname(hostname , T_A);

return 0;

}

/*

* Perform a DNS query by sending a packet

* */

void ngethostbyname(unsigned char *host , int query_type)

{

unsigned char buf[65536],*qname,*reader;

int i , j , stop , s;

struct sockaddr_in a;

struct RES_RECORD answers[20],auth[20],addit[20]; //the replies from the DNS server

struct sockaddr_in dest;

struct DNS_HEADER *dns = NULL;

struct QUESTION *qinfo = NULL;

printf("Resolving %s" , host);

s = socket(AF_INET , SOCK_DGRAM , IPPROTO_UDP); //UDP packet for DNS queries

dest.sin_family = AF_INET;

dest.sin_port = htons(53);

dest.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(dns_servers[0]); //dns servers

//Set the DNS structure to standard queries

dns = (struct DNS_HEADER *)&buf;

dns->id = (unsigned short) htons(getpid());

dns->qr = 0; //This is a query

dns->opcode = 0; //This is a standard query

dns->aa = 0; //Not Authoritative

dns->tc = 0; //This message is not truncated

dns->rd = 1; //Recursion Desired

dns->ra = 0; //Recursion not available! hey we dont have it (lol)

dns->z = 0;

dns->ad = 0;

dns->cd = 0;

dns->rcode = 0;

dns->q_count = htons(1); //we have only 1 question

dns->ans_count = 0;

dns->auth_count = 0;

dns->add_count = 0;

//point to the query portion

qname =(unsigned char*)&buf[sizeof(struct DNS_HEADER)];

ChangetoDnsNameFormat(qname , host);

qinfo =(struct QUESTION*)&buf[sizeof(struct DNS_HEADER) + (strlen((const char*)qname) + 1)]; //fill it

qinfo->qtype = htons( query_type ); //type of the query , A , MX , CNAME , NS etc

qinfo->qclass = htons(1); //its internet (lol)

printf("\nSending Packet...");

if( sendto(s,(char*)buf,sizeof(struct DNS_HEADER) + (strlen((const char*)qname)+1) + sizeof(struct QUESTION),0,(struct sockaddr*)&dest,sizeof(dest)) < 0)

{

perror("sendto failed");

}

printf("Done");

//Receive the answer

i = sizeof dest;

printf("\nReceiving answer...");

if(recvfrom (s,(char*)buf , 65536 , 0 , (struct sockaddr*)&dest , (socklen_t*)&i ) < 0)

{

perror("recvfrom failed");

}

printf("Done");

dns = (struct DNS_HEADER*) buf;

//move ahead of the dns header and the query field

reader = &buf[sizeof(struct DNS_HEADER) + (strlen((const char*)qname)+1) + sizeof(struct QUESTION)];

printf("\nThe response contains : ");

printf("\n %d Questions.",ntohs(dns->q_count));

printf("\n %d Answers.",ntohs(dns->ans_count));

printf("\n %d Authoritative Servers.",ntohs(dns->auth_count));

printf("\n %d Additional records.\n\n",ntohs(dns->add_count));

//Start reading answers

stop=0;

for(i=0;ians_count);i++)

{

answers[i].name=ReadName(reader,buf,&stop);

reader = reader + stop;

answers[i].resource = (struct R_DATA*)(reader);

reader = reader + sizeof(struct R_DATA);

if(ntohs(answers[i].resource->type) == 1) //if its an ipv4 address

{

answers[i].rdata = (unsigned char*)malloc(ntohs(answers[i].resource->data_len));

for(j=0 ; jdata_len) ; j++)

{

answers[i].rdata[j]=reader[j];

}

answers[i].rdata[ntohs(answers[i].resource->data_len)] = '\0';

reader = reader + ntohs(answers[i].resource->data_len);

}

else

{

answers[i].rdata = ReadName(reader,buf,&stop);

reader = reader + stop;

}

}

//read authorities

for(i=0;iauth_count);i++)

{

auth[i].name=ReadName(reader,buf,&stop);

reader+=stop;

auth[i].resource=(struct R_DATA*)(reader);

reader+=sizeof(struct R_DATA);

auth[i].rdata=ReadName(reader,buf,&stop);

reader+=stop;

}

//read additional

for(i=0;iadd_count);i++)

{

addit[i].name=ReadName(reader,buf,&stop);

reader+=stop;

addit[i].resource=(struct R_DATA*)(reader);

reader+=sizeof(struct R_DATA);

if(ntohs(addit[i].resource->type)==1)

{

addit[i].rdata = (unsigned char*)malloc(ntohs(addit[i].resource->data_len));

for(j=0;jdata_len);j++)

addit[i].rdata[j]=reader[j];

addit[i].rdata[ntohs(addit[i].resource->data_len)]='\0';

reader+=ntohs(addit[i].resource->data_len);

}

else

{

addit[i].rdata=ReadName(reader,buf,&stop);

reader+=stop;

}

}

//print answers

printf("\nAnswer Records : %d \n" , ntohs(dns->ans_count) );

for(i=0 ; i < ntohs(dns->ans_count) ; i++)

{

printf("Name : %s ",answers[i].name);

if( ntohs(answers[i].resource->type) == T_A) //IPv4 address

{

long *p;

p=(long*)answers[i].rdata;

a.sin_addr.s_addr=(*p); //working without ntohl

printf("has IPv4 address : %s",inet_ntoa(a.sin_addr));

}

if(ntohs(answers[i].resource->type)==5)

{

//Canonical name for an alias

printf("has alias name : %s",answers[i].rdata);

}

printf("\n");

}

//print authorities

printf("\nAuthoritive Records : %d \n" , ntohs(dns->auth_count) );

for( i=0 ; i < ntohs(dns->auth_count) ; i++)

{

printf("Name : %s ",auth[i].name);

if(ntohs(auth[i].resource->type)==2)

{

printf("has nameserver : %s",auth[i].rdata);

}

printf("\n");

}

//print additional resource records

printf("\nAdditional Records : %d \n" , ntohs(dns->add_count) );

for(i=0; i < ntohs(dns->add_count) ; i++)

{

printf("Name : %s ",addit[i].name);

if(ntohs(addit[i].resource->type)==1)

{

long *p;

p=(long*)addit[i].rdata;

a.sin_addr.s_addr=(*p);

printf("has IPv4 address : %s",inet_ntoa(a.sin_addr));

}

printf("\n");

}

return;

}

/*

*

* */

u_char* ReadName(unsigned char* reader,unsigned char* buffer,int* count)

{

unsigned char *name;

unsigned int p=0,jumped=0,offset;

int i , j;

*count = 1;

name = (unsigned char*)malloc(256);

name[0]='\0';

//read the names in 3www6google3com format

while(*reader!=0)

{

if(*reader>=192)

{

offset = (*reader)*256 + *(reader+1) - 49152; //49152 = 11000000 00000000 ;)

reader = buffer + offset - 1;

jumped = 1; //we have jumped to another location so counting wont go up!

}

else

{

name[p++]=*reader;

}

reader = reader+1;

if(jumped==0)

{

*count = *count + 1; //if we havent jumped to another location then we can count up

}

}

name[p]='\0'; //string complete

if(jumped==1)

{

*count = *count + 1; //number of steps we actually moved forward in the packet

}

//now convert 3www6google3com0 to www.google.com

for(i=0;i

{

p=name[i];

for(j=0;j

{

name[i]=name[i+1];

i=i+1;

}

name[i]='.';

}

name[i-1]='\0'; //remove the last dot

return name;

}

/*

* Get the DNS servers from /etc/resolv.conf file on Linux

* */

void get_dns_servers()

{

FILE *fp;

char line[200] , *p;

if((fp = fopen("/etc/resolv.conf" , "r")) == NULL)

{

printf("Failed opening /etc/resolv.conf file \n");

}

while(fgets(line , 200 , fp))

{

if(line[0] == '#')

{

continue;

}

if(strncmp(line , "nameserver" , 10) == 0)

{

p = strtok(line , " ");

p = strtok(NULL , " ");

//p now is the dns ip :)

//????

}

}

strcpy(dns_servers[0] , "208.67.222.222");

strcpy(dns_servers[1] , "208.67.220.220");

}

/*

* This will convert www.google.com to 3www6google3com

* got it :)

* */

void ChangetoDnsNameFormat(unsigned char* dns,unsigned char* host)

{

int lock = 0 , i;

strcat((char*)host,".");

for(i = 0 ; i < strlen((char*)host) ; i++)

{

if(host[i]=='.')

{

*dns++ = i-lock;

for(;lock

{

*dns++=host[lock];

}

lock++; //or lock=i+1;

}

}

*dns++='\0';

}