oracle何时需要orapwd,Oracle11gr2之orapwd变化

1，Oracle10gr2，如果密码相同，则密码文件相同。

SQL> select * from v$version;

BANNER

----------------------------------------------------------------

Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Prod

PL/SQL Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production

CORE    10.2.0.1.0      Production

TNS for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production

NLSRTL Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production

[oracle@bnet95 ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs

[oracle@bnet95 dbs]$ orapwd file=a password=oracle

[oracle@bnet95 dbs]$ orapwd file=b password=oracle

[oracle@bnet95 dbs]$ diff a b

[oracle@bnet95 dbs]$

[oracle@bnet95 dbs]$ strings a

]\[Z

ORACLE Remote Password file

INTERNAL

AB27B53EDC5FEF41

8A8F025737A9097A

2，Oracle11gr2，即使密码相同，则密码文件也不同。

SQL> select * from v$version;

BANNER

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

CORE    11.2.0.1.0      Production

TNS for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

NLSRTL Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

[oracle@h11g dbs]$ orapwd file=a password=oracle

[oracle@h11g dbs]$ orapwd file=b password=oracle

[oracle@h11g dbs]$ diff a b

Binary files a and b differ

[oracle@h11g dbs]$ strings a

]\[Z

ORACLE Remote Password file

INTERNAL

AB27B53EDC5FEF41

8A8F025737A9097A

[oracle@h11g dbs]$ strings b

]\[Z

ORACLE Remote Password file

INTERNAL

AB27B53EDC5FEF41

8A8F025737A9097A

3，应用：

在搭建同主机dataguard时,备库使用orapwd创建的passwordfile,主库无法传送日志,报如下错误。使用复制主库密码文件方式，问题解决。

SQL>select error from v$archive_dest_status where error is not null;

ERROR

-----------------------------------------------------------------

ORA-16191: Primary log shipping client not logged on standby

[oracle@h11g dbs]$ oerr ora 16191

16191, 0000, "Primary log shipping client not logged on standby"

// *Cause:  An attempt to ship redo to standby without logging on

// to standby or with invalid user credentials.

// *Action: Check that primary and standby are using password files and that

//          both primary and standby have the same SYS password.

//          Restart primary and/or standby after ensuring that

//          password file is accessible and REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE

//          initialization parameter is set to SHARED or EXCLUSIVE.