linux socket文件描述符,Linux下文件描述符

下面是摘自kernel document中关于file-max和file-nr参数的说明

file-max & file-nr:

The kernel allocates file handles dynamically, but as yet it doesn't free them again.

内核可以动态的分配文件句柄，但到目前为止是不会释放它们的

The value in file-max denotes the maximum number of file handles that the Linux kernel will allocate. When you get lots of error messages about running out of file handles, you might want to increase this limit.

file-max的值是linux内核可以分配的最大文件句柄数。如果你看到了很多关于打开文件数已经达到了最大值的错误信息，你可以试着增加该值的限制

Historically, the three values in file-nr denoted the number of allocated file handles, the number of allocated but unused file handles, and the maximum number of file handles. Linux 2.6 always reports 0 as the number of free file handles -- this is not an error, it just means that the number of allocated file handles exactly matches the number of used file handles.

在kernel 2.6之前的版本中，file-nr 中的值由三部分组成，分别为：1.已经分配的文件句柄数，2.已经分配单没有使用的文件句柄数，3.最大文件句柄数。但在kernel 2.6版本中第二项的值总为0，这并不是一个错误，它实际上意味着已经分配的文件句柄无一浪费的都已经被使用了