mongodb linux 权限,mongoDB 3.0 安全权限访问

导读

mongoDB 3.0 访问控制改了很多，需要你老老实实的去看文档去验证，谷歌百度出来的多半就是错误的。 还需要注意这个参数authenticationMechanisms。

为了兼用2.6版本，我直接指定下面的参数：

setParameter:

authenticationMechanisms: MONGODB-CR

下面看看如何创建访问控制权限

不使用 —auth 参数，启动 mongoDB

mongodb-linux-i686-3.0.0/bin/mongod -f mongodb-linux-i686-3.0.0/mongodb.conf

此时你 show dbs 会看到只有一个local数据库，那个所谓的admin是不存在的。

mongoDB 没有超级无敌用户root，只有能管理用户的用户 userAdminAnyDatabase。

添加管理用户

use admin

db.createUser(

{

user: "buru",

pwd: "12345678",

roles: [ { role: "userAdminAnyDatabase", db: "admin" } ]

}

)

roles 中的 db 参数是必须的，不然会报错：Error: couldn’t add user: Missing expected field “db”。另外，有很多文章记录的是使用 db.addUser(…) 方法，这个方法是旧版的，3.0中已经不存在，详见：http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/method/js-user-management。

切换到admin下，查看刚才创建的用户：

show users

或

db.system.users.find()

{ "_id" : "admin.buru", "user" : "buru", "db" : "admin", "credentials" : { "SCRAM-SHA-1" : { "iterationCount" : 10000, "salt" : "gwVwuA/dXvxgSHavEnlyvA==", "storedKey" : "l2QEVTEujpkCuqDEKqfIWbSv4ms=", "serverKey" : "M1ofNKXg2sNCsFrBJbX4pXbSgvg=" } }, "roles" : [ { "role" : "userAdminAnyDatabase", "db" : "admin" } ] }

怎么关闭 mongoDB？千万不要 kill -9 pid，可以 kill -2 pid 或 db.shutdownServer()

下面使用 —auth 参 数，重新启动 mongoDB：

mongodb-linux-i686-3.0.0/bin/mongod --auth -f mongodb-linux-i686-3.0.0/mongodb.conf

mongodb-linux-i686-3.0.0/bin/mongo

use admin

db.auth("buru","12345678") #认证，返回1表示成功

或

mongodb-linux-i686-3.0.0/bin/mongo -u buru -p 12345678 --authenticationDatabase admin

此时 show collections 报错

2015-03-17T10:15:56.011+0800 E QUERY Error: listCollections failed: {

"ok" : 0,

"errmsg" : "not authorized on admin to execute command { listCollections: 1.0 }",

"code" : 13

}

at Error ()

at DB._getCollectionInfosCommand (src/mongo/shell/db.js:643:15)

at DB.getCollectionInfos (src/mongo/shell/db.js:655:20)

at DB.getCollectionNames (src/mongo/shell/db.js:666:17)

at shellHelper.show (src/mongo/shell/utils.js:625:12)

at shellHelper (src/mongo/shell/utils.js:524:36)

at (shellhelp2):1:1 at src/mongo/shell/db.js:643

因为，用户buru只有用户管理的权限。

下面创建用户，用户都跟着库走，创建的用户都是

use tianhe

db.createUser(

{

user: "bao",

pwd: "12345678",

roles: [

{ role: "readWrite", db: "tianhe" },

{ role: "read", db: "tianhe2" }

]

}

)

查看刚刚创建的用户。

show users

{

"_id" : "tianhe.bao",

"user" : "bao",

"db" : "tianhe",

"roles" : [

{

"role" : "readWrite",

"db" : "tianhe"

},

{

"role" : "read",

"db" : "tianhe2"

}

]

}

查看整个mongoDB全部的用户：

use admin

db.system.users.find()

{ "_id" : "admin.buru", "user" : "buru", "db" : "admin", "credentials" : { "SCRAM-SHA-1" : { "iterationCount" : 10000, "salt" : "gwVwuA/dXvxgSHavEnlyvA==", "storedKey" : "l2QEVTEujpkCuqDEKqfIWbSv4ms=", "serverKey" : "M1ofNKXg2sNCsFrBJbX4pXbSgvg=" } }, "roles" : [ { "role" : "userAdminAnyDatabase", "db" : "admin" } ] }

{ "_id" : "tianhe.bao", "user" : "bao", "db" : "tianhe", "credentials" : { "SCRAM-SHA-1" : { "iterationCount" : 10000, "salt" : "//xy1V1fbqEHC1gzQqZHGQ==", "storedKey" : "ZS/o54zzl/FdcXLQJ98KdAVTfF0=", "serverKey" : "iIpNYz2Gk8KhyK3zgz6muBt0PI4=" } }, "roles" : [ { "role" : "readWrite", "db" : "tianhe" }, { "role" : "read", "db" : "tianhe2" } ] }

创建完毕，验证一下：

use buru

show collections

2015-03-17T10:30:06.461+0800 E QUERY Error: listCollections failed: {

"ok" : 0,

"errmsg" : "not authorized on buru to execute command { listCollections: 1.0 }",

"code" : 13

}

at Error ()

at DB._getCollectionInfosCommand (src/mongo/shell/db.js:643:15)

at DB.getCollectionInfos (src/mongo/shell/db.js:655:20)

at DB.getCollectionNames (src/mongo/shell/db.js:666:17)

at shellHelper.show (src/mongo/shell/utils.js:625:12)

at shellHelper (src/mongo/shell/utils.js:524:36)

at (shellhelp2):1:1 at src/mongo/shell/db.js:643

显然没权限，先auth：

db.auth("bao","12345678")

show collections

news

system.indexes

wahaha

参考

Mongo Shell：http://docs.mongodb.org/v2.2/tutorial/getting-started-with-the-mongo-shell

Enable Access Control：http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/tutorial/enable-authentication

Add a User to a Database：http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/tutorial/add-user-to-database

User Methods：http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/method/js-user-management

Role Methods：http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/method/js-role-managementmongodb 3.0 authentication：http://ibruce.info/2015/03/03/mongodb3-auth/