层级化查询 oracle,Oracle层次化查询

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Oracle层次化查询

(1)树状模型

假如有一个市场模型，其中一级市场是中国，二级市场是省份，三级市场是各个省下面的市，四级市场是各个市下面的县。那么可以创建表market：

create

table market(market_id number(2), market_name varchar2(10),

parent_market_id number(2));

insert

all

into

market values(1, 'China', 0)

into

market values(2, 'Shan Xi', 1)

into

market values(3, 'Shan Dong', 1)

into

market values(4, 'Fu Jian', 1)

into

market values(5, 'Tai Yuan', 2)

into

market values(6, 'Yang Quan', 2)

into

market values(7, 'Qi Zhou', 2)

into

market values(8, 'Qing Dao', 3)

into

market values(9, 'Ji Nan', 3)

into

market values(10, 'Yan Tai', 3)

into

market values(11, 'Xia Men', 4)

into

market values(12, 'Fu Zhou', 4)

into

market values(13, 'Quan Zhou', 4)

into

market values(14, 'Gu Jiao', 5)

into

market values(15, 'Yang Qu', 5)

into

market values(16, 'Qing Xu', 5)

select

* from dual;

(2)层次化查询

select

market_id, market_name

from

market

start

with market_name = 'Shan Xi'

connect

by prior market_id = parent_market_id;

MARKET_ID

MARKET_NAME

----------

------------------------------

2 Shan Xi

5 Tai Yuan

14

Gu Jiao

15

Yang Qu

16

Qing Xu

6 Yang Quan

7 Qi Zhou

7

rows selected.

这里的搜索规则为：从'Shan

Xi'节点开始搜索、前一个节点的market_id等于下一个节点的parent_markket_id。

(3)相关函数

显示搜索路径的函数为

sys_connect_by_path(列名，分隔符)

示例：

select

market_id, market_name, sys_connect_by_path(market_name, '/') as

market_path

from

market

start

with market_name = 'Gu Jiao'

connect

by prior parent_market_id = market_id;

MARKET_ID

MARKET_NAM MARKET_PATH

----------

---------- ----------------------------------------

14

Gu Jiao /Gu Jiao

5 Tai Yuan /Gu Jiao/Tai Yuan

2 Shan Xi /Gu Jiao/Tai Yuan/Shan Xi

1 China /Gu Jiao/Tai Yuan/Shan Xi/China

这里可以利用max()函数来获得完整的路径：

select

max(sys_connect_by_path(market_name, '/')) market_path

from

market

start

with market_name = 'Gu Jiao'

connect

by prior parent_market_id = market_id;

MARKET_PATH

----------------------------------------

/Gu

Jiao/Tai Yuan/Shan Xi/China