matlab erf erfi,虚误差函数

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预备知识　误差函数

虚误差函数的定义为

\begin{equation}

\operatorname{erfi} (x) = - \mathrm{i} \operatorname{erf} ( \mathrm{i} x) = \frac{1}{\sqrt{\pi}} \int_{-x}^x \mathrm{e} ^{t^2} \,\mathrm{d}{t}

= \frac{2}{\sqrt{\pi}} \int_0^x \mathrm{e} ^{t^2} \,\mathrm{d}{t}

\end{equation}

推导如下，使用换元法 $t = \mathrm{i} \tau$ 有

\begin{equation}

\operatorname{erfi} (x) = \frac{- \mathrm{i} }{\sqrt{\pi}} \int_{- \mathrm{i} x}^{ \mathrm{i} x} \mathrm{e} ^{t^2} \,\mathrm{d}{t}

= \frac{- \mathrm{i} }{\sqrt{\pi}} \int_{-x}^{x} \mathrm{e} ^{-( \mathrm{i} \tau)^2} \,\mathrm{d}{( \mathrm{i} \tau)}

= \frac{1}{\sqrt{\pi}} \int_{-x}^{x} \mathrm{e} ^{\tau^2} \,\mathrm{d}{\tau}

\end{equation}

同理可得

\begin{equation}