linux 6.5 7,【2018.04.17学习笔记】【linux基础知识6.5-6.7】

6.5 zip压缩工具

zip命令：压缩后原文件不被删除，可以支持压缩目录。

[root@lgs-01 ~]# zip abc.zip abc

adding: abc (deflated 65%)

[root@lgs-01 ~]# ls -l abc

-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 3073568 4月 16 18:00 abc

[root@lgs-01 ~]# ls -l abc.zip

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1090963 4月 17 23:18 abc.zip

[root@lgs-01 ~]# du -sh abc.zip

1.1Mabc.zip

压缩目录：-r选项

[root@lgs-01 ~]# zip -r 123.zip ./c/ abc

adding: c/ (stored 0%)

adding: c/x/ (stored 0%)

adding: c/y/ (stored 0%)

adding: c/6.txt.bak (stored 0%)

adding: c/4.txt.bak (stored 0%)

adding: c/3.txt.bak (stored 0%)

adding: c/10.txt.bak (stored 0%)

adding: c/11.txt.bak (deflated 98%)

adding: c/666.gz (stored 0%)

adding: c/abc1.bz2 (deflated 0%)

adding: c/abc1.xz (deflated 0%)

adding: abc (deflated 65%)

[root@lgs-01 ~]# du -sh 123.zip

2.9M123.zip

解压缩： unzip

[root@lgs-01 ~]# unzip 123.zip

Archive: 123.zip

replace c/6.txt.bak? [y]es, [n]o, [A]ll, [N]one, [r]ename: A

extracting: c/6.txt.bak

extracting: c/4.txt.bak

extracting: c/3.txt.bak

extracting: c/10.txt.bak

inflating: c/11.txt.bak

extracting: c/666.gz

inflating: c/abc1.bz2

inflating: c/abc1.xz

inflating: abc

指定解压到哪个目录：-d

[root@lgs-01 ~]# unzip 123.zip -d ./b/

Archive: 123.zip

creating: ./b/c/

creating: ./b/c/x/

creating: ./b/c/y/

extracting: ./b/c/6.txt.bak

extracting: ./b/c/4.txt.bak

extracting: ./b/c/3.txt.bak

extracting: ./b/c/10.txt.bak

inflating: ./b/c/11.txt.bak

extracting: ./b/c/666.gz

inflating: ./b/c/abc1.bz2

inflating: ./b/c/abc1.xz

inflating: ./b/abc

[root@lgs-01 ~]# ls -l ./b/

总用量 3004

-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 3073568 4月 16 18:00 abc

drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 156 4月 17 23:28 c

查看zip压缩文件的文件列表，不能查看文件内容：unzip -l

[root@lgs-01 ~]# unzip -l 123.zip

Archive: 123.zip

Length Date Time Name

--------- ---------- ----- ----

0 04-17-2018 23:28 c/

0 03-30-2018 12:33 c/x/

0 03-30-2018 12:39 c/y/

0 03-28-2018 16:36 c/6.txt.bak

0 03-28-2018 16:40 c/4.txt.bak

0 03-30-2018 12:33 c/3.txt.bak

0 03-30-2018 12:39 c/10.txt.bak

8294 04-01-2018 21:56 c/11.txt.bak

1656 04-16-2018 18:15 c/666.gz

1078029 04-16-2018 18:27 c/abc1.bz2

831676 04-16-2018 18:35 c/abc1.xz

3073568 04-16-2018 18:00 abc

--------- -------

4993223 12 files

6.6 tar打包

tar：打包命令，对文件大小变化不大。

[root@lgs-01 ~]# tar -cvf abc.tar ./c

./c/

./c/x/

./c/y/

./c/6.txt.bak

./c/4.txt.bak

./c/3.txt.bak

./c/10.txt.bak

./c/11.txt.bak

./c/666.gz

./c/abc1.bz2

./c/abc1.xz

[root@lgs-01 ~]# du -sh ./c

1.9M./c

[root@lgs-01 ~]# du -sh abc.tar

1.9Mabc.tar

目录和文件一起打包：

[root@lgs-01 ~]# tar -cvf 333.tar b/ abc zb.txt

b/

b/c/

b/c/x/

b/c/y/

b/c/6.txt.bak

b/c/4.txt.bak

b/c/3.txt.bak

b/c/10.txt.bak

b/c/11.txt.bak

b/c/666.gz

b/c/abc1.bz2

b/c/abc1.xz

b/abc

abc

zb.txt

[root@lgs-01 ~]# du -sh 333.tar

7.8M333.tar

解包：-xvf。会覆盖原文件和目录，不会提示

[root@lgs-01 ~]# tar -xvf 333.tar

b/

b/c/

b/c/x/

b/c/y/

b/c/6.txt.bak

b/c/4.txt.bak

b/c/3.txt.bak

b/c/10.txt.bak

b/c/11.txt.bak

b/c/666.gz

b/c/abc1.bz2

b/c/abc1.xz

b/abc

abc

zb.txt

查看包文件列表：-tf

[root@lgs-01 ~]# tar -tf 333.tar

b/

b/c/

b/c/x/

b/c/y/

b/c/6.txt.bak

b/c/4.txt.bak

b/c/3.txt.bak

b/c/10.txt.bak

b/c/11.txt.bak

b/c/666.gz

b/c/abc1.bz2

b/c/abc1.xz

b/abc

abc

zb.txt

排除文件打包：--exclude

[root@lgs-01 ~]# tar -cvf 888.tar b/ abc c/ --exclude "*.bak"

b/

b/c/

b/c/x/

b/c/y/

b/c/666.gz

b/c/abc1.bz2

b/c/abc1.xz

b/abc

abc

c/

c/x/

c/y/

c/666.gz

c/abc1.bz2

c/abc1.xz

6.7 打包并压缩

tar -czvf：打包并压缩成gz。 -xzvf 解压

[root@lgs-01 ~]# tar -czvf 9.tar.gz abc zb.txt b/

abc

zb.txt

b/

b/c/

b/c/x/

b/c/y/

b/c/6.txt.bak

b/c/4.txt.bak

b/c/3.txt.bak

b/c/10.txt.bak

b/c/11.txt.bak

b/c/666.gz

b/c/abc1.bz2

b/c/abc1.xz

b/abc

[root@lgs-01 ~]# du -sh 9.tar.gz

4.0M9.tar.gz

tar -cjvf：打包并压缩成bz2。 -jzvf 解压

[root@lgs-01 ~]# tar cjvf 7.tar.bz2 c/ xxx.conf.xz 123.zip

c/

c/x/

c/y/

c/6.txt.bak

c/4.txt.bak

c/3.txt.bak

c/10.txt.bak

c/11.txt.bak

c/666.gz

c/abc1.bz2

c/abc1.xz

xxx.conf.xz

123.zip

[root@lgs-01 ~]# du -sh 7.tar.bz2

4.8M7.tar.bz2

tar -cJvf：打包并压缩成xz。 -Jzvf 解压

[root@lgs-01 ~]# tar -cJvf 5.tar.xz c/ abc b/ passwdtest

c/

c/x/

c/y/

c/6.txt.bak

c/4.txt.bak

c/3.txt.bak

c/10.txt.bak

c/11.txt.bak

c/666.gz

c/abc1.bz2

c/abc1.xz

abc

b/

b/c/

b/c/x/

b/c/y/

b/c/6.txt.bak

b/c/4.txt.bak

b/c/3.txt.bak

b/c/10.txt.bak

b/c/11.txt.bak

b/c/666.gz

b/c/abc1.bz2

b/c/abc1.xz

b/abc

passwdtest

[root@lgs-01 ~]# du -sh 5.tar.xz

2.6M5.tar.xz

查看文件列表：tar -tf

[root@lgs-01 ~]# tar -tf 7.tar.bz2

c/

c/x/

c/y/

c/6.txt.bak

c/4.txt.bak

c/3.txt.bak

c/10.txt.bak

c/11.txt.bak

c/666.gz

c/abc1.bz2

c/abc1.xz

xxx.conf.xz

123.zip