js实现Base64编码解码

var Base64 = {
	_keyStr: "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/=",
	encode: function(e) {
		var t = "";
		var n, r, i, s, o, u, a;
		var f = 0;
		e = Base64._utf8_encode(e);
		while (f < e.length) {
			n = e.charCodeAt(f++);
			r = e.charCodeAt(f++);
			i = e.charCodeAt(f++);
			s = n >> 2;
			o = (n & 3) << 4 | r >> 4;
			u = (r & 15) << 2 | i >> 6;
			a = i & 63;
			if (isNaN(r)) {
				u = a = 64
			} else if (isNaN(i)) {
				a = 64
			}
			t = t + this._keyStr.charAt(s) + this._keyStr.charAt(o) + this._keyStr.charAt(u) + this._keyStr.charAt(a)
		}
		return t
	},
	decode: function(e) {
		var t = "";
		var n, r, i;
		var s, o, u, a;
		var f = 0;
		e = e.replace(/[^A-Za-z0-9+/=]/g, "");
		while (f < e.length) {
			s = this._keyStr.indexOf(e.charAt(f++));
			o = this._keyStr.indexOf(e.charAt(f++));
			u = this._keyStr.indexOf(e.charAt(f++));
			a = this._keyStr.indexOf(e.charAt(f++));
			n = s << 2 | o >> 4;
			r = (o & 15) << 4 | u >> 2;
			i = (u & 3) << 6 | a;
			t = t + String.fromCharCode(n);
			if (u != 64) {
				t = t + String.fromCharCode(r)
			}
			if (a != 64) {
				t = t + String.fromCharCode(i)
			}
		}
		t = Base64._utf8_decode(t);
		return t
	},
	_utf8_encode: function(e) {
		e = e.replace(/rn/g, "n");
		var t = "";
		for (var n = 0; n < e.length; n++) {
			var r = e.charCodeAt(n);
			if (r < 128) {
				t += String.fromCharCode(r)
			} else if (r > 127 && r < 2048) {
				t += String.fromCharCode(r >> 6 | 192);
				t += String.fromCharCode(r & 63 | 128)
			} else {
				t += String.fromCharCode(r >> 12 | 224);
				t += String.fromCharCode(r >> 6 & 63 | 128);
				t += String.fromCharCode(r & 63 | 128)
			}
		}
		return t
	},
	_utf8_decode: function(e) {
		var t = "";
		var n = 0;
		var r = c1 = c2 = 0;
		while (n < e.length) {
			r = e.charCodeAt(n);
			if (r < 128) {
				t += String.fromCharCode(r);
				n++
			} else if (r > 191 && r < 224) {
				c2 = e.charCodeAt(n + 1);
				t += String.fromCharCode((r & 31) << 6 | c2 & 63);
				n += 2
			} else {
				c2 = e.charCodeAt(n + 1);
				c3 = e.charCodeAt(n + 2);
				t += String.fromCharCode((r & 15) << 12 | (c2 & 63) << 6 | c3 & 63);
				n += 3
			}
		}
		return t
	}
}

实例：

也可以对对象进行编码，编码前将对象转换成字符串就行：

window自带函数进行Base64编码解码

window有两个函数atob、btoa，但是这两个函数并不支持Unicode字符的编码，需结合encodeURIComponent、decodeURIComponent函数来使用。
btoa
binary to ascii，用于将binary数据用ascii码表示。常用于编码字符串。

var str = "This is a string";
var encoded_str = btoa(str);
console.log(encoded_str); // Outputs: "VGhpcyBpcyBhIHN0cmluZw=="

但是不能编码Unicode字符

atob
ascii to binary，用于将ascii码解析成binary数据。用于解码Base64编码的字符串。

var encoded_str = "VGhpcyBpcyBhIHN0cmluZw==";
var str= atob(encoded_str);
console.log(str); // Outputs: "This is a string"

如何让btoa支持Unicode字符编码

编码时，先用encodeURIComponent对字符串进行编码，再进行btoa进行Base64编码
解码时，先用atob对Base64编码的串进行解码，再用decodeURIComponent对字符串进行解码

var str = "hello,中国";
var encoded_str = btoa(encodeURIComponent(str));
var decoded_str = decodeURIComponent(atob(encoded_str));
console.log(encoded_str); // Outputs: "aGVsbG8lMkMlRTQlQjglQUQlRTUlOUIlQkQ="
console.log(decoded_str); // Outputs: "hello,中国"

注：IE9不支持atob、btoa