用户评论:
[#1]
Chris F [2015-08-14 04:33:47]
I was curious about the relationship between quality, processing time and resulting image size, so I created this little benchmark to test it (The image used was originally RGB_24bits_palette_R85.png, found on wikipedia). Results are at the bottom.
$sizes= ['32','64','128','256','512','1024','2048'];
foreach ($sizesas$size) {
echo"\nSize:{$size}x{$size}px:\n";$image=imagecreatefrompng("images/test{$size}.png");
for ($quality=0;$quality<10;$quality++) {ob_start();$start=microtime(true);imagepng($image,null,$quality);$elapsed=microtime(true) -$start;$blob=ob_get_contents();ob_end_clean();$blobSize=strlen($blob);
echo"quality:$quality, size:$blobSize, elapsed:$elapsed\n";
}imagedestroy($image);
}// Results (some omitted for brevity):
// Size: 32x32px:
// quality: 0, size: 3172, elapsed: 0.00013399124145508
// quality: 1, size: 266, elapsed: 9.4890594482422E-5
// quality: 2, size: 264, elapsed: 7.7009201049805E-5
// quality: 3, size: 223, elapsed: 7.4863433837891E-5
// quality: 4, size: 225, elapsed: 8.5830688476562E-5
// quality: 5, size: 209, elapsed: 8.5115432739258E-5
// quality: 6, size: 208, elapsed: 9.608268737793E-5
// quality: 7, size: 205, elapsed: 0.0001060962677002
// quality: 8, size: 186, elapsed: 0.00015091896057129
// quality: 9, size: 181, elapsed: 0.00022006034851074
// Size: 128x128px:
// quality: 0, size: 49425, elapsed: 0.0010969638824463
// quality: 1, size: 976, elapsed: 0.00091886520385742
// quality: 2, size: 938, elapsed: 0.00088310241699219
// quality: 3, size: 925, elapsed: 0.00087594985961914
// quality: 4, size: 608, elapsed: 0.0009760856628418
// quality: 5, size: 607, elapsed: 0.00098395347595215
// quality: 6, size: 601, elapsed: 0.0010099411010742
// quality: 7, size: 602, elapsed: 0.001086950302124
// quality: 8, size: 521, elapsed: 0.001910924911499
// quality: 9, size: 491, elapsed: 0.0029060840606689
// Size: 512x512px:
// quality: 0, size: 788279, elapsed: 0.012928009033203
// quality: 1, size: 12467, elapsed: 0.013065099716187
// quality: 2, size: 11885, elapsed: 0.013008117675781
// quality: 3, size: 11190, elapsed: 0.013030052185059
// quality: 4, size: 7311, elapsed: 0.016619920730591
// quality: 5, size: 6994, elapsed: 0.016351222991943
// quality: 6, size: 6475, elapsed: 0.016234159469604
// quality: 7, size: 6432, elapsed: 0.016525983810425
// quality: 8, size: 6094, elapsed: 0.022937774658203
// quality: 9, size: 5649, elapsed: 0.065664052963257
// Size: 2048x2048px:
// quality: 0, size: 12605375, elapsed: 0.20983290672302
// quality: 1, size: 451735, elapsed: 0.19678711891174
// quality: 2, size: 409375, elapsed: 0.19415307044983
// quality: 3, size: 366404, elapsed: 0.20460414886475
// quality: 4, size: 312538, elapsed: 0.22785305976868
// quality: 5, size: 281671, elapsed: 0.23320484161377
// quality: 6, size: 244248, elapsed: 0.28935289382935
// quality: 7, size: 238310, elapsed: 0.33481192588806
// quality: 8, size: 217038, elapsed: 0.71698379516602
// quality: 9, size: 208881, elapsed: 1.858146905899?>
[#2]
php dot net at phor dot net [2013-10-23 13:46:28]
If you are outputting a PNG directly in response to a client request it is important to check your web server configuration.
Some clients may request your images with a accept header of image
Conclusion: Based on the Zlib manual (http://www.zlib.net/manual.html) the default compression level is set to 6.
---
Regarding suggestions to rescale the 0-99 quality range of jpeg into the 0-9 range of png, note that for jpeg 99 is minimum compression (maximum quality) while for png 9 is maximum compression (quality doesn't change).
[#5]
Zane, MegaLab.it [2011-07-14 23:38:11]
My script was unable to complete: Fatal error: Allowed memory size of XX bytes exhausted (tried to allocate XX+n bytes).
I found out that PHP handles images in uncompressed format: my input image was 8768x4282@32 bit => ~150 MB per single in-memory copy.
As a solution, you can either check the dimensions and reject anything too big or, as I did, use ini_set('memory_limit','1024M'); on the page start (if your server has enough on board memory).
[#6]
boukeversteegh at gmail dot com [2011-05-03 14:41:19]
If you care about speed, you probably already cache your generated images to a file. In that case, DON'T use "createimagefrompng" and "imagepng" to output the image. Use fpassthru instead. It is literally hundreds of times faster.
header("Content-Type: image/png");# Generate cachefile for image, if it doesn't existif( !file_exists($cachefile) ) {$im=generateimage();# some code generates an image resourceimagepng($im,$cachefile);# store the image to cachefile
# don't output it like this:imagedestroy($im);
}$fp=fopen($cachefile,'rb');# stream the image directly from the cachefilefpassthru($fp);
exit;?>
I've tested it with a 5120x5120 (1.2Mb) image, that was cached on the harddisk. Using imagepng, the transfer took 12 seconds. Using fpassthru, it took only 32ms!
[#7]
codam [2011-03-15 10:03:02]
Creating a transparent image filled with tranparent color only
I had some hard times putting up this one:
[#8]
mhorne69 at gmail dot com [2010-10-24 19:02:42]
If you're generating an image dynamically based on post data and don't want to save it to the server, sending it to be displayed can cause problems as when the person tries to save it, the browser will request it again from the server (causing any post data to be lost and probably a corrupted png).
The easiest way to get around this is to force it to download using the content disposition header, for example:
header('Content-Disposition: Attachment;filename=image.png');header('Content-type: image/png');?>
[#9]
anonymous [2010-09-01 12:51:16]
If you need to call imagepng() multiple times (for example, when you want to send it to the browser, but also to a disk cache), write your image to a file first, THEN call readfile() on it.
PHP internally works with a temporary file when sending the image to the browser, so you'll gain nothing by calling imagepng() twice.
[#10]
wietse89 at gmail dot com [2010-03-29 06:55:41]
When you allow multiple output formats, (jpg/png) but want to use the 1-100 quality scale (like jpg), you will have to format the number:
$pngQuality= ($quality-100) /11.111111;$pngQuality=round(abs($pngQuality));imagepng($resource,$path,$pngQuality);?>
[#11]
r.lomas at infonie.fr [2010-02-19 07:53:58]
I just lost about 4 hours on a really stupid problem. My images on the local server were somehow broken and therefore did not display in the browsers. After much looking around and testing, including re-installing apache on my computer a couple of times, I traced the problem to an included file.
No the problem was not a whitespace, but the UTF BOM encoding character at the begining of one of my inluded files...
So beware of your included files!
Make sure they are not encoded in UTF or otherwise in UTF without BOM.
Hope it save someone's time.
[#12]
thalis kalfigopoulos [2009-05-08 04:17:00]
I ran across the following WRT sessions and image creation.
In main.php:
echo('');
unset($_SESSION['text']);
...?>
In createImage.php:
header('image/png');session_id($_REQUEST['sid']);session_start();$img=imagecreatetruecolor(200,30);$text_color=imagecolorallocate($img,200,200,200);imagestring($img,5,5,5,$_SESSION['text'],$text_color);imagepng($img);imagedestroy($img);?>
Problem: main.php execution ends before createImage.php writing the text to image, thus the unset($_SESSION['text']) destroys the text and you end up with empty image.
Solution: move call to unset() as last statement of createImage.php
[#13]
matt at mattbostock dot com [2009-03-16 12:11:51]
To change the background of a 24-bit PNG for graceful degradation in IE6, the PNG file needs a bKGD chunk:
foreach ($bgColoras$bit)
{$bkgdChunkData.='00'.dechex($bit);
}$bkgdChunk.=$bkgdChunkData;$bkgdChunk.=dechex(crc32(pack('H*',$bkgdMarker.$bkgdChunkData))) .'0000';$parsed=explode($idatMarker,$pngData,2);// split file by first 'IDAT' chunk$pngData=pack('H*',$parsed[0] .$bkgdChunk.$idatMarker.$parsed[1]);file_put_contents($cachedFilename,$pngData);?>
[#14]
eetu11 at suomi24 dot fi [2008-11-01 07:20:03]
// -> sums up tp 2*400+1 (+1 due to the 0 in the center)$image=imagecreate(801,801);// Choose the colors of background, normal village and highlighted alliance$color_background=imagecolorallocate($image,255,255,255);$color_normal=imagecolorallocate($image,200,200,200);$color_marked=imagecolorallocate($image,255,0,0);// Fill images background with chosen colorimagefill($image,0,0,$color_background);// Select ALL villages from the DB and order by ascending ID
// (Fields are numbered from top left to bottom right)$query='SELECT x, y, aid FROM x_world ORDER BY id ASC';$result= @mysql_query($query) OR die('Can not select villages from table x_world!');// Check whether there any villages at allif (mysql_num_rows($result)) {// Select first village$row= @mysql_fetch_assoc($result);// These variables save the location on which we are currently drawing$x_pointer=0;$y_pointer=0;// Outer loop for the Y-coordinatesfor($y=400;$y>= -400;$y--) {// Inner loop for the X-coordinatesfor ($x=-400;$x<=400;$x++) {// Once we reached the coordinates matching the current record selected from the DB:if ($row['x'] ==$xAND$row['y'] ==$y) {// Selecting the village color depending on the aidif ($row['aid'] ==$marked_aid) {$color=$color_marked;
} else {$color=$color_normal;
}// Drawing the village with the selected colorimagefilledrectangle($image,$x_pointer,$y_pointer, ($x_pointer+1), ($y_pointer+1),$color);// Select next record$row= @mysql_fetch_assoc($result);
}// Increase pointer for X-coordinate$x_pointer++;
}// Increase pointer for Y-coordinate$y_pointer++;// We reached the end of a line and have to set the X-pointer to 0 again$x_pointer=0;
}
}// Select the HTTP-Header for the selected filetypeheader("Content-Type: image/png");// Generate image and print itimagepng($image);?>
[#15]
luxian.m [at] gmail [dot] com [2008-09-16 01:46:00]
If you want to open a png image with alpha blending, you need to do something like this:
$file='semitransparent.png';// path to png image$img=imagecreatefrompng($file);// open imageimagealphablending($img,true);// setting alpha blending onimagesavealpha($img,true);// save alphablending setting (important)?>
I spent almost a day to find out why alpha blending doesn't work. I hope this is usefull to others too :)
[#16]
vicrry at yahoo dot com [2008-04-18 04:16:44]
@ phpman at texmedia dot de:
The compression range in PNG is in range 0-9, i think if you specified a compression level higher than 9, it'll be completely "compressed", or suppressed in the other words.
The compression level is originally for JPEG, which is in range 0 - 100, I think it'll work fine if you divide it by ten before passing to imagepng(). ;)
[#17]
Jeff Sauro [2007-11-13 15:39:00]
My webserver, running 5.14 didn't like the header that was generated using imagepng(). It works find on my local test server and on 4.x from another host.
The generated image displays in the browser (IE, firefox) but when saved to a file or inserted into an RTF file, the image was corrupted. As a test, when attempting to right-click to save as, the image format was not recognized.
The only work-around appears to be adding the additional paramaters.
So instead of just
imagepng($image); //DIDNT WORK--CORUPT IMAGE
This worked
imagepng($image,NULL,0,NULL);
and saving to disk, this worked:
imagepng($image,$file_location,0,NULL);
Jeff
[#18]
phpman at texmedia dot de [2007-10-27 14:06:49]
When changeing the PHP version from 4 to 5 I found out, that PHP5 handles imagepng() more restrictive than in PHP4. I'd used
imagepng($image,'',90);
to reduce the image quality whithout saving the image as a file. The quality parameter is not supported at all, I used imagejpg before and simply changed the function to imagepng whithout taking care of the existing parameters. It did not matter and there was no error in PHP4. But in PHP5, the image will not be shown anymore. So you have to remove it to have the standard:
imagepng($image);
[#19]
alex at gateway-productions dot com [2007-01-08 15:17:29]
barts code below does not work at least with gd 2
Only returns a blank image with alpha not the source resized
$im = ImageCreateFromPNG($sourcefile);
$im_dest = imagecreatetruecolor ($forcedwidth, $forcedheight);
imagealphablending($im_dest, false);
imagecopyresampled($im_dest, $im, 0, 0, 0, 0, $wm_width, $wm_height, $forcedwidth, $forcedheight);
imagesavealpha($im_dest, true);
imagepng($im_dest, $destfile);
imagedestroy($img_dest);
ps you also forgot image destroy and you had a random var in imagepng undefined in your post
[#20]
bart at resolume dot com [2006-04-06 08:54:24]
If you want to resize a png-24 image and preserve the alpha channel you need to set imagealphablending($im_dest, false) on the destination image just after creating it with imagecreatetruecolor() and do a imagesavealpha($im_dest, true) on it before saving it:
$im=ImageCreateFromPNG('redfade.png');$im_dest=imagecreatetruecolor(500,300);imagealphablending($im_dest,false);imagecopyresampled($im_dest,$im,0,0,0,0,300,300,500,300);imagesavealpha($im_dest,true);imagepng($im_re,'small_redfade.png');?>
[#21]
adrenalin at NOSPAM dot myrealbox dot com [2005-12-27 07:22:32]
Trying to resize a png 256 colors image and save it in 256 colors with a correct color palette ? (if you'll save a 256 color image in truecolor palette the result image will have a big size).
I spent some hours trying various function to get a good quality 256 color png image, but because of color palette the result image quality was awful.
But thank to the comment of zmorris at zsculpt dot com from imagetruecolortopalette function page, i figured out how to get a properly image!
list($width,$height,$type,$attr) =getimagesize($src);$im=imagecreatefrompng($src);$tim=imagecreatetruecolor($dstw,$dsth);imagecopyresampled($tim,$im,0,0,0,0,$dstw,$dsth,$width,$height);$tim=ImageTrueColorToPalette2($tim,false,255);imagepng($tim,$dst);
}//zmorris at zsculpt dot com function, a bit completedfunctionImageTrueColorToPalette2($image,$dither,$ncolors) {$width=imagesx($image);$height=imagesy($image);$colors_handle=ImageCreateTrueColor($width,$height);ImageCopyMerge($colors_handle,$image,0,0,0,0,$width,$height,100);ImageTrueColorToPalette($image,$dither,$ncolors);ImageColorMatch($colors_handle,$image);ImageDestroy($colors_handle);
return$image;
}?>
Good luck,
Namolovan Nicolae, Moldova
[#22]
awalton at gmail dot com [2005-12-24 13:17:42]
PNG images (as any image) can be stored in a MySQL blob field, but if you want to do this, you'll want to serialize the image stream into a better form. I would recommend base64_encode() and base64_decode(). (Just fopen() the file, fread() the contents in, base64_encode() the string, and fire off your SQL query (use addslashes()/stripslashes() to be more secure)).
This has been posted an innumerable amount of times throughout the site, but it's still terrible that a lot of users simply don't understand this and use it to its full potential.
I would also recommend that if you are doing images this way, to keep an image cache folder somewhere that PHP can access (possibly even somewhere off your webroot?). That way if your website is swamped with traffic it won't kill the SQL server.
[#23]
vladson at pc-labs dot info [2005-07-04 08:00:07]
To send 'Content-Length' header (like in static pictures case) i use "Output handler" like this...
return$img;
}// Image outputob_start("output_handler");imagepng($im);ob_end_flush();?>
[#24]
neburk0rk at gmail dot com [2005-05-20 11:50:12]
This is my way to store PNG-images in a MySQL database... You cannot directly store the PNG-image in a variable, and then parse it in the database, cos if you try to define it to a variable, it'll still just output it...
In my method i use three functions
to "capture" the output and store it in a variable; ob_start (to start the output buffering), ob_get_contents (to capture the output), and ob_end_clean (to erase the cache, and end the output buffering)
$imagefile="changethistogourimage.gif";$image=imagecreatefromgif($imagefile);ob_start();imagepng($image);$imagevariable=ob_get_contents();ob_end_clean();?>
[#25]
php at no dot spam dot prosa dot net [2005-05-04 07:40:37]
You could use the function imagecreatefrompng
(I assume that you already know how to get the text from the url.)
The only thing left to do is put that text on the image using the correct colors for you.
$im= @imagecreatefrompng($imgname);$text_color=imagecolorallocate($im,$Red,$Green,$Blue);imagestring($im,3,5,15,$SomeTextFromURL,$text_color);?>
Regards,
Peter Berkhout.
[#26]
dws at mrao dot cam dot ac dot uk [2005-01-22 02:03:25]
Presumably it returns true on success and false on failure, although the documentation doesn't actually say so.
[#27]
pm at dontspamme dot pietmarcus dot com [2004-08-23 13:43:51]
in reply to: cbrasho at yahoo dot com
if you use Apache as a webserver, you could do the following:
You could set up a 'img' directory in your webspace.
In that directory there will be two files: a .htaccess file and a img.php file
the .htaccess file contains the following code:
ErrorDocument 404 /img/img.php
the img.php file looks something like this:
$file=$_SERVER['REDIRECT_URL'];$result=mysql_query('select img_blob from images where filename=\\'' . $file . '\\');
list($blob) = mysql_fetch_row($result);
header('HTTP/1.0 200 Ok');
header("Content-type: image/jpeg");
print $blob; # or whatever works, I don'tusethis
?>
if you use a url for your image like http://test.com/img/image1.jpeg, which doesn't exist, normally you would get a 404-page. in this case, the 404 is being handled by img.php, which brings up the required image...
[#28]
cbrasho at yahoo dot com [2004-08-17 07:49:22]
Having your pictures stored in a database sounds great but brings you a lot of trouble.
Storing images in a DB you will have a script show.php that will appear in tags:
But if you want to have REGISTER GLOBALS = OFF, you are in trouble and there is no way (at leas as far as i know) to solve the problem but to put te img from the DB in a file and put the coresponding file name in the tag. But this brings another problem: simultaneous accesses to the page. So you will have to find a way to give unique names to the picture files for each simultaneous access to the page. The solution might be using sessions. This is how you end up having a very compleh PHP script for a very simple problem. So, the basic ideea is " do not store your pictures in a blob unless you know exactly what you are doing".
[#29]
mail at stefanbechtold dot de [2003-04-16 18:14:44]
to all the ones, who like having their users fill their profil with an image without destroying a fixed design the following should be a great way to handle this problem.
this file opens a picture from $imagepath and returns it as a valid picture to embed in: (in [] = optional)
but this file does more than this. it also adds black borders to files that are smaller than the max. size, so adding borders to the left and right where a image is too high :-)
if there is a need for a copyright note this script will also help you. you can put in a various text to $copyright. the text length should be in relationship to $maxX and $maxY.
Well there are other features of the script, just try'em out and have fun with it :-)
bye
if(!isset($maxY))$maxY=75;# colour- & textvalues$picBG="0,0,0";# RGB-value !$picFG="104,104,104";# RGB-value !$copyright="stefan bechtold";$font=1;# minimal & maximum zoom$minZoom=1;# per cent related on orginal (!=0)$maxZoom=200;# per cent related on orginal (!=0)
# paths$imgpath="userimages/";# ending with "/" !$nopicurl="../images/nopic.jpg";# starting in $imagepath!!!$nofileurl="../images/nofile.jpg";# starting in $imagepath!!!if(!isset($image) || empty($image))$imageurl=$imgpath.$nopicurl;
elseif(!file_exists($imgpath.trim($image)))$imageurl=$imgpath.$nofileurl;
else$imageurl=$imgpath.trim($image);# reading image$image=getImageSize($imageurl,$info);# $info, only to handle problems with earlier php versions...switch($image[2]) {
case1:# GIF image$timg=imageCreateFromGIF($imageurl);
break;
case2:# JPEG image$timg=imageCreateFromJPEG($imageurl);
break;
case3:# PNG image$timg=imageCreateFromPNG($imageurl);
break;
}# reading image sizes$imgX=$image[0];$imgY=$image[1];# calculation zoom factor$_X=$imgX/$maxX*100;$_Y=$imgY/$maxY*100;# selecting correct zoom factor, so that the image always keeps in the given format
# no matter if it is more higher than wider or the other way aroundif((100-$_X)
else$_K=$_Y;# zoom check to the originalif($_K>10000/$minZoom)$_K=10000/$minZoom;
if($_K<10000/$maxZoom)$_K=10000/$maxZoom;# calculate new image sizes$newX=$imgX/$_K*100;$newY=$imgY/$_K*100;# set start positoin of the image
# always centered$posX= ($maxX-$newX) /2;$posY= ($maxY-$newY) /2;# creating new image with given sizes$imgh=imageCreateTrueColor($maxX,$maxY);# setting colours$cols=explode(",",$picBG);$bgcol=imageColorallocate($imgh,trim($cols[0]),trim($cols[1]),trim($cols[2]));$cols=explode(",",$picFG);$fgcol=imageColorallocate($imgh,trim($cols[0]),trim($cols[1]),trim($cols[2]));# fill backgroundimageFill($imgh,0,0,$bgcol);# create small copy of the imageimageCopyResampled($imgh,$timg,$posX,$posY,0,0,$newX,$newY,$image[0],$image[1]);# writing copyright noteimageStringUp($imgh,$font,$maxX-9,$maxY-3,$copyright,$fgcol);# outputswitch($image[2]) {
case1:# GIF imageheader("Content-type: image/gif");imageGIF($imgh);
case2:# JPEG imageheader("Content-type: image/jpeg");imageJPEG($imgh);
case3:# PNG imageheader("Content-type: image/png");imagePNG($imgh);
}# cleaning cacheimageDestroy($timg);imageDestroy($imgh);?>
[#30]
[2003-01-23 10:20:37]
"Tip: As with anything that outputs its result directly to the browser, you can use the output-control functions (http://www.php.net/manual/en/ref.outcontrol.php) to capture the output of this function, and save it in a string (for example)."
ob_start();
imagepng($image);
$image_data = ob_get_contents();
ob_end_clean();
And now you can save $image_data to a database, for example, instead of first writing it to file and then reading the data from it. Just don't forget to use mysql_escape_string...
[#31]
johnbeech at mkv25.net [2003-01-20 04:41:59]
PNG files are already compressed. They use a lossless compression algorithm. If you are using HighColour images, the compression only does so much. For low colour images (16 or 256) the compression is much better.
It is pointless trying to compress the images further before sending to a browser.
[#32]
bgd1977 at hotmail dot com [2002-07-26 06:37:30]
I have experienced segfaults and bus errors with the following configuration: FreeBSD4.4, Apache 1.3.26, PHP 4.2.2, GD-1.8.4, PDFlib 4.0.1. The apache process crashed when calling the imagepng function, but it didn't crash when calling the imagejpg function, or imagecreatefrompng...
Some wasted hours (lots) later, in which I have tried to recompile gd, libpng, php, libjpeg, what-not, I have found the following advices:
http://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=16841
So the problem was not with the png library, but rather with the PDFlib. Even though all the threads led to a png-problem... so I have simply upgraded to PDFlib 4.0.3 (w/o any special configure arguments; --with-libpng didn't work anyways), recompiled PHP, and now everything works (imagepng, pdf creation, etc.).
Hope this helps,
bogdan
[#33]
ruelle at xtof dot com [2002-02-17 06:34:32]
Better than a chmod 777 to any '/dir/pic.png' you should :
- test if dir is writable (is_writable func.)
- use chmod 700 (more secure because let only the webserver ID have access)
In any case you should program a (crontab) script to change the owner ID of any images created.
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