实例名均为ora11g
1.主库添加静态监听和tnsname.ora条目如下
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = ora11g)
(SID_NAME = ora11g)
(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/)
)
)
stdbytns =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL =
TCP)(HOST = 192.168.3.106)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = ora11g)
)
)
2.备库添加静态监听和tnsnames.ora配置主库记录
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = ora11g)
(SID_NAME = ora11g)
(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/)
)
)
prmtns =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL =
TCP)(HOST = 192.168.3.105)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = ora11g)
)
)
3.主库调整配置参数如下:
主库ora11g配置为强制日志记录
startup mount;
alter database force logging;
设置归档位置
/u01/archive
主库设置归档位置
alter system set log_archive_dest_1='location=/u01/archive
valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=ora11g'
scope=both;
DG服务名配置
alter system set
log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(ora11g,ora11gdg)' scope=both;
设置归档位置和背库角色
alter system set log_archive_dest_2='service=STDBYTNS LGWR
ASYNC NOAFFIRM max_failure=10 max_connections=5 reopen=180
valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=ora11gdg'
scope=both;
配置FAL_SERVER这个参数指定当日志传输出现问题时,备库到哪里去找缺少的归档日志。它用在备库接收的到的重做日志间有缺口的时候。
alter system set fal_server='STDBYTNS' scope=both;
alter system set fal_server='PRMTNS' scope=both;
设置归档可用
alter system set
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE;
alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE;
alter system set log_archive_max_processes=5 scope=both;
数据文件同步配置如果需要在主库添加或者删除数据文件时,这些文件是否会在备库添加或删除默认此参数是MANUAL手工方式(MANUAL不会同步到备库,AUTO自动同步)
alter system set standby_file_management='AUTO'
scope=both;
关机启动创建pfile
shutdown immediate;
create pfile from spfile;
4.主库ora11g添加standby log
主库创建standby日志(可以不创建,但在maxmize pretection,maxmize
availability中必须要有standby logfile)
(1)说明 在主库创建standby log file从库使用standby log
files来保存从主库接收到的重做日志。既然主要是从库在使用,那为什么需要在主库上也建立standby log
files?原因主要由两个:一是主库可能转换为备库,而备库是需要有standby log files的
二是如果主库建立了standby log files那备库会自动建立。
(2)日志个数说明
一般而言, standby redo 日志文件组数要比 primary 数据库的 online redo
日志文件组数至少多一个。推荐 standbyredo 日志组数量基于 primary 数据库的线程数(这里的线程数可以理解为 rac
结构中的 rac节点数)。
有一个推荐的公式可以做参考:(每线程的日志组数+1)*最大线程数 假设现在节点是1个,则=(3+1)*1=4
如果是双节点 则=(3+1)*2=8 这里我们创建4个standby logfile:
另:不建议组号group#紧挨着redo,因为后续redo有可能调整,这里我们从建立从11到14的standby
logfile
Startup;
alter database add standby logfile group 11
'/u01/oracle/oradata/ora11g/standby11.log' size 50M;
alter database add standby logfile group 12
'/u01/oracle/oradata/ora11g/standby12.log' size 50M;
alter database add standby logfile group 13
'/u01/oracle/oradata/ora11g/standby13.log' size 50M;
alter database add standby logfile group 14
'/u01/oracle/oradata/ora11g/standby14.log' size 50M;
查询
SQL> select a.* from v$standby_log a;
SQL> select group#,status,type,member from
v$logfile;
删除
SQL> alter database drop standby logfile group 11;
5.备库使用nomount参数启动数据库
echo 'db_name=ora11g' >
$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initora11g.ora
pifle启动
create spfile from pfile
='/u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbs/initora11g.ora';
startup nomount
pfile='/u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbs/initora11g.ora;
6.主库开始复制数据到备库
方法一、如果分步骤做
<1>主库和备库开启监听
<2>把主库的pfile传到备库相应位置修改以下参数
*.db_unique_name='ora11gdg'
*.fal_server='prmtns'
*.fal_client=' stdbytns'
*.log_archive_config='dg_config=(ora11g,ora11gdg)'
*.log_archive_dest_1='location=/u01/archive
valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=ora11gdg'
*.log_archive_dest_2='service=PRMTNS LGWR ASYNC NOAFFIRM
max_failure=10 max_connections=5 reopen=180
valid_for=(online_logfiles,prim
ary_role) db_unique_name=ora11g'
<3>备库创建spfile文件
SQL> create spfile
frompfile='/u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbs/initora11g.ora ';
<4>备库创建密码文件(密码和主库一致)
$ orapwd file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwora11gpassword=oracle
entries=5
<5>备库启动到nomount状态
<6>在primary端通过Rman Duplicate创建备库
$ rman target / auxiliary sys/oracle@stdbytns
RMAN> duplicate target database for standby from active
database nofilenamecheck;
方法二、以下为一步完成
rman target / auxiliary sys/oracle@stdbytns
run {
allocate channel c1 type disk;
allocate channel c2 type disk;
allocate auxiliary channel stby1 type disk;
allocate auxiliary channel stby2 type disk;
duplicate target database for standby from active
database
dorecover
nofilenamecheck
spfile
parameter_value_convert 'ora11g','ora11g'
set db_unique_name='ora11gdg'
set control_files=
'/u01/oracle/oradata/ora11g/control01.ctl','/u01/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ora11g/control02.ctl'
set REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE='EXCLUSIVE'
set fal_server='prmtns'
set fal_client=' stdbytns'
set standby_file_management='AUTO'
set log_archive_config='dg_config=(ora11g,ora11gdg)'
set log_archive_dest_2='service=PRMTNS LGWR ASYNC NOAFFIRM
max_failure=10 max_connections=5 reopen=180
valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role)
db_unique_name=ora11g'
set log_archive_dest_1='location=/u01/archive
valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=ora11gdg'
reset REMOTE_LISTENER
reset local_listener;
release channel c1;
release channel c2;
release channel stby1;
release channel stby2;
}
7.备库打开数据库到只读
Sqlplus / as sysdba
alter database open;
alter database recover managed standby database using current
logfile disconnect from session;
8.配置删除归档日志脚本
oracle@hisdg:~$ crontab -l
0 0 * * * /export/home/oracle/rmarchive.sh >/dev/null
2>&1
Rmarchive.sh内容如下
#!/bin/sh
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
export ORACLE_SID=ora11g
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK
$ORACLE_HOME/bin/rman target / nocatalog << EOF
run {
delete noprompt force archivelog all
completed before 'sysdate -3';
}
exit;
EOF
9.归档日志同步检查
主库输入命令
archive log list;确保 Current log sequence 主备库一致
备库执行命令
select SEQUENCE#,APPLIED, COMPLETION_TIME from
v$archived_log;
确保出现IN-MEMORY