centos安装mysql8.0,CentOS 7安装MySQL 8.0

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最新推荐文章于 2024-05-20 23:15:15 发布

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文章标签： centos安装mysql8.0

这MySQL的默认端口是3306。

Linux上面安装的方式主要分为如下三种：

YUM

二进制包

源码包

源码包的安装过于复杂，但是可以灵活配置，这里我们就不介绍了，主要介绍yum和二进制包的形式。

系统环境

$ cat /etc/redhat-release

CentOS Linux release 7.6.1810 (Core)

$ uname -a

Linux host.localdomain 3.10.0-957.1.3.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Thu Nov 29 14:49:43 UTC 2018 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

YUM

添加YUM源

$ rpm -ivh https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm

mysql repo的下载地址：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/

安装

$ yum install mysql-community-server -y

启动并设置开机自启动

$ systemctl enable –now mysqld

查看启动状态

$ systemctl status mysqld

● mysqld.service – MySQL Server

Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)

Active: active (running) since 一 2018-12-17 08:47:04 EST; 15min ago

Docs: man:mysqld(8)

http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html

Process: 11986 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)

Main PID: 12055 (mysqld)

Status: “SERVER_OPERATING”

CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service

└─12055 /usr/sbin/mysqld

12月 17 08:46:55 host.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server…

12月 17 08:47:04 host.localdomain systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.

MySQL在第一次启动的时候，会随机生成一个密码放在/var/log/mysqld.log日志文件中，我们可以通过grep命令获取到root的密码

$ grep ‘temporary password’ /var/log/mysqld.log

2018-06-12T09:34:07.463168Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: WiwB.e2c3udA

其中WiwB.e2c3udA就是root用户的密码，下面我们登录MySQL

$ mysql -u root -h 127.0.0.1 -p

Enter password: # 输入密码

mysql>

查看数据库

mysql> show databases;

ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.

这里会提示我们必须修改root密码才可以正常使用，我们把密码修改为D*gYmF5*

# 修改当前用户的密码

mysql> set password=password(‘D*gYmF5*’);

Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

# 刷新权限

mysql> flush privileges;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec)

然后退出重新登录MySQL

mysql> exit

Bye

$ mysql -u root -h 127.0.0.1 -p

Enter password: # 输入刚才设置的密码

# 查看有多少库

mysql> show databases;

+——————–+

| Database |

+——————–+

| information_schema |

| mysql |

| performance_schema |

| sys |

+——————–+

4 rows in set (0.01 sec)

# 查看有多少用户

mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;

+—————+———–+

| user | host |

+—————+———–+

| mysql.session | localhost |

| mysql.sys | localhost |

| root | localhost |

+—————+———–+

3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

二进制包

在安装之前，我们需要安装依赖库，因为MySQL需要

$ yum install libaio libaio-devel numactl numactl-devel -y

最好也把开发工具包安装上

$ yum groupinstall “Development Tools” -y

卸载mariadb

$ yum remove mariadb mariadb-libs -y

创建MySQL用户和组

$ groupadd mysql

$ useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql

下载MySQL包

$ cd /opt/

$ wget https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-8.0.13-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar

获取不同版本的下载地址：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

解压并创建软链

$ tar -xvf mysql-8.0.13-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar

$ tar xvf mysql-8.0.13-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz

$ ln -s /opt/mysql-8.0.13-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

创建数据文件存放目录

$ mkdir /usr/local/mysql/data

授权

$ chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql

$ ls -ld /usr/local/mysql

lrwxrwxrwx 1 mysql mysql 40 12月 17 09:31 /usr/local/mysql -> /opt/mysql-8.0.13-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64

添加环境变量

$ echo ‘export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin’ >> ~/.bash_profile

$ source ~/.bash_profile

验证是否添加成功

$ mysql –version

mysql Ver 8.0.13 for linux-glibc2.12 on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server – GPL)

初始化数据库

$ mysqld –initialize –user=mysql –basedir=/usr/local/mysql –datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

2018-12-17T14:32:55.725037Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] /opt/mysql-8.0.13-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.13) initializing of server in progress as process 23954

2018-12-17T14:32:59.438919Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: fTVb-*WAq1Oo

2018-12-17T14:33:02.335171Z 0 [System] [MY-013170] [Server] /opt/mysql-8.0.13-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.13) initializing of server has completed

记住倒数第二条的信息，告诉你了root的密码是fTVb-*WAq1Oo

生成SSL

$ mysql_ssl_rsa_setup –basedir=/usr/local/mysql –datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/

创建my.cnf参数文件

$ vim /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]

port = 3306

user = mysql

socket = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysqld.sock

pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysqld.pid

basedir = /usr/local/mysql/

datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data/

设置启动项

$ vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service

[Unit]

Description=MySQL Server

Documentation=man:mysqld(8)

Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html

After=network.target

After=syslog.target

[Install]

WantedBy=multi-user.target

[Service]

User=mysql

Group=mysql

Type=forking

PIDFile=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysqld.pid

# Disable service start and stop timeout logic of systemd for mysqld service.

TimeoutSec=0

# Execute pre and post scripts as root

PermissionsStartOnly=true

# Start main service

ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld –daemonize –pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS

# Use this to switch malloc implementation

EnvironmentFile=-/etc/sysconfig/mysql

# Sets open_files_limit

LimitNOFILE = 5000

Restart=on-failure

RestartPreventExitStatus=1

PrivateTmp=false

重新加载systemd脚本

$ systemctl daemon-reload

启动并添加开机自启动

$ systemctl enable –now –now mysqld

查看运行状态

$ systemctl status mysqld

● mysqld.service – MySQL Server

Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)

Active: active (running) since 一 2018-12-17 09:35:24 EST; 4s ago

Docs: man:mysqld(8)

http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html

Process: 24042 ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld –daemonize –pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)

Main PID: 24044 (mysqld)

CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service

└─24044 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld –daemonize –pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysqld.pid

12月 17 09:35:22 host.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server…

12月 17 09:35:23 host.localdomain mysqld[24042]: 2018-12-17T14:35:22.445672Z 0 [Warning] [MY-010139] [Server] Changed limits: max_open_files: 5000 (requested 8161)

12月 17 09:35:23 host.localdomain mysqld[24042]: 2018-12-17T14:35:22.445893Z 0 [Warning] [MY-010142] [Server] Changed limits: table_open_cache: 2419 (requested 4000)

12月 17 09:35:23 host.localdomain mysqld[24042]: 2018-12-17T14:35:23.315272Z 0 [System] [MY-010116] [Server] /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.13) starting as process 24042

12月 17 09:35:24 host.localdomain mysqld[24042]: 2018-12-17T14:35:24.377008Z 0 [Warning] [MY-010068] [Server] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.

12月 17 09:35:24 host.localdomain mysqld[24042]: 2018-12-17T14:35:24.414863Z 0 [System] [MY-010931] [Server] /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld: ready for connections. Version: ‘8.0.13’ socket: ‘/usr… Server – GPL.

12月 17 09:35:24 host.localdomain systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.

Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.

连接并修改密码

$ mysql -uroot -h 127.0.0.1 -p

Enter password: # 输入密码

mysql> ALTER USER ‘root’@’localhost’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘MyNewPass4!’; # 修改密码为MyNewPass4!

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec)

mysql> exit

Bye

连接测试