蚁群算法Python3可运行代码

本文分享了蚁群算法的Python3实现代码,适合初学者参考学习。
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原理就不再赘述了,直接上代码:

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import pylab

coordinates = np.array([[565.0, 575.0], [25.0, 185.0], [345.0, 750.0], [945.0, 685.0], [845.0, 655.0],
                        [880.0, 660.0], [25.0, 230.0], [525.0, 1000.0], [580.0, 1175.0], [650.0, 1130.0],
                        [1605.0, 620.0], [1220.0, 580.0], [1465.0, 200.0], [1530.0, 5.0], [845.0, 680.0],
                        [725.0, 370.0], [145.0, 665.0], [415.0, 635.0], [510.0, 875.0], [560.0, 365.0],
                        [300.0, 465.0], [520.0, 585.0], [480.0, 415.0], [835.0, 625.0], [975.0, 580.0],
                        [1215.0, 245.0], [1320.0, 315.0], [1250.0, 400.0], [660.0, 180.0], [410.0, 250.0],
                        [420.0, 555.0], [575.0, 665.0], [1150.0, 1160.0], [700.0, 580.0], [685.0, 595.0],
                        [685.0, 610.0], [770.0, 610.0], [795.0, 645.0], [720.0, 635.0], [760.0, 650.0],
                        [475.0, 960.0], [95.0, 260.0], [875.0, 920.0], [700.0, 500.0], [555.0, 815.0],
                        [830.0, 485.0], [1170.0, 65.0], [830.0, 610.0], [605.0, 625.0], [595.0, 360.0],
                        [1340.0, 725.0], [1740.0, 245.0]])


def getdistmat(coordinates):
    num = coordinates.shape[0]
    distmat = np.ze
以下是使用蚁群算法解决旅行商问题的Python代码示例: ```python import numpy as np # 城市坐标 cities = np.array([[1304, 2312], [3639, 1315], [4177, 2244], [3712, 1399], [3488, 1535], [3326, 1556], [3238, 1229], [4196, 1004], [4312, 790], [4386, 570], [3007, 1970], [2562, 1756], [2788, 1491], [2381, 1676], [1332, 695], [3715, 1678], [3918, 2179], [4061, 2370], [3780, 2212], [3676, 2578], [4029, 2838], [4263, 2931], [3429, 1908], [3507, 2367], [3394, 2643], [3439, 3201], [2935, 3240], [3140, 3550], [2545, 2357], [2778, 2826], [2370, 2975]]) # 计算城市之间的距离 def distance(city1, city2): return np.sqrt(np.sum((city1 - city2) ** 2)) num_cities = len(cities) distance_matrix = np.zeros((num_cities, num_cities)) for i in range(num_cities): for j in range(i+1, num_cities): distance_matrix[i][j] = distance(cities[i], cities[j]) distance_matrix[j][i] = distance_matrix[i][j] # 蚂蚁类 class Ant: def __init__(self, alpha, beta, distance_matrix): self.alpha = alpha self.beta = beta self.distance_matrix = distance_matrix self.num_cities = len(distance_matrix) self.pheromone_matrix = np.ones((self.num_cities, self.num_cities)) / (self.num_cities ** 2) self.path = [] self.distance = 0.0 # 选择下一个城市 def select_next_city(self): available_cities = list(set(range(self.num_cities)) - set(self.path)) probabilities = [self._calculate_prob(city) for city in available_cities] selected_city = np.random.choice(available_cities, p=probabilities) self.path.append(selected_city) self.distance += self.distance_matrix[self.path[-2]][selected_city] # 计算选择每个城市的概率 def _calculate_prob(self, city): pheromone = self.pheromone_matrix[self.path[-1]][city] dist = self.distance_matrix[self.path[-1]][city] probs = pheromone ** self.alpha * ((1.0 / dist) ** self.beta) total_probs = sum([self.pheromone_matrix[self.path[-1]][i] ** self.alpha * ((1.0 / self.distance_matrix[self.path[-1]][i]) ** self.beta) for i in range(self.num_cities) if i not in self.path]) return probs / total_probs # 更新信息素 def update_pheromone(self, delta_pheromone_matrix): self.pheromone_matrix = (1 - evaporation_rate) * self.pheromone_matrix + delta_pheromone_matrix # 蚁群算法类 class ACO: def __init__(self, num_ants, num_iterations, alpha, beta, evaporation_rate, distance_matrix): self.num_ants = num_ants self.num_iterations = num_iterations self.alpha = alpha self.beta = beta self.evaporation_rate = evaporation_rate self.distance_matrix = distance_matrix # 运行蚁群算法 def run(self): best_path = [] best_distance = float('inf') for i in range(self.num_iterations): ants = [Ant(self.alpha, self.beta, self.distance_matrix) for j in range(self.num_ants)] for ant in ants: for j in range(self.distance_matrix.shape[0] - 1): ant.select_next_city() ant.distance += self.distance_matrix[ant.path[-1]][ant.path[0]] if ant.distance < best_distance: best_distance = ant.distance best_path = ant.path delta_pheromone_matrix = np.zeros((self.distance_matrix.shape[0], self.distance_matrix.shape[1])) for j in range(self.distance_matrix.shape[0] - 1): delta_pheromone_matrix[ant.path[j]][ant.path[j+1]] += 1.0 / ant.distance delta_pheromone_matrix[ant.path[j+1]][ant.path[j]] += 1.0 / ant.distance delta_pheromone_matrix[ant.path[-1]][ant.path[0]] += 1.0 / ant.distance delta_pheromone_matrix[ant.path[0]][ant.path[-1]] += 1.0 / ant.distance ant.update_pheromone(delta_pheromone_matrix) return best_path, best_distance # 运行蚁群算法 num_ants = 50 num_iterations = 500 alpha = 1 beta = 5 evaporation_rate = 0.5 aco = ACO(num_ants, num_iterations, alpha, beta, evaporation_rate, distance_matrix) best_path, best_distance = aco.run() # 输出结果 print('最短路径为:', best_path) print('最短距离为:', best_distance) ```
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