oracle异机复制,通过RMAN 异机克隆数据库

平台准备：

OracleLinux  +  Oracle 11G

目标库：

ORACLE_HOME=/uoracle/app

ORACLE_BASE=/orabase

ORACLE_SID= orcl

IP : 192.168.0.45

辅助库：

ORACLE_HOME=/uoracle/app

ORACLE_BASE=/orabase

ORACLE_SID=orcl

IP : 192.168.0.46

操作步骤(异机和同机复制，步骤基本一样)：

1：运行辅助实例的服务器需要先安装好相应的oracle客户端，且ORACLE_BASE 和ORACLE_HOME目录和目标库相同；

2：构建辅助数据库目录结构；

3：创建参数文件，复制过来，并进行相应修改；

4：创建辅助实例口令文件，orapwd

5：配置监听及tnsname文件

6：目标库进行备份，并拷贝到辅助实例服务其上，或同NFS挂载过去；

7：使用pfile启动辅助实例到nomount,并退出会话；

8：duplicate命令复制数据库；

9： 创建spfile

具体实现：

1：安装客户端

2：构建辅助数据库目录结构(根据参数文件中涉及到的目录来构建辅助库的目录结构)

[oracle@orclA ~]$ echo $ORACLE_BASE

/orabase

[oracle@orclA ~]$ cd /orabase

[oracle@orclA orabase]$ mkdir ./oradata/orcl -p

[oracle@orclA orabase]$mkdir ./fast_recovery_area/orcl -p # 重新构建控制文件，存放控制文件

[oracle@orclA orabase]$ pwd

/orabase

[oracle@orclA orabase]$ mkdir ./admin/orcl -p

[oracle@orclA orabase]$ cd ./admin/orcl/

[oracle@orclA orcl]$ mkdir {a,b,c,d,u}dump

[oracle@orclA orcl]$ mkdir pfile

3：创建参数文件，复制过来，并进行相应修改

3.1： 目标库上创建pfile，并拷贝到辅助库上 ？/dbs 目录下(必须是$ORACLE_HOME/dbs 目录下，否则识别不到)

SQL> create pfile='/tmp/initorcl.ora' from spfile;

SQL> scp  /tmp/initorcl.ora  192.168.0.46:/oracle/home/dbs

3.2： 对参数文件进行相应修改

由于这里是进行异机复制，目录结构及实例名都一样，所以没有进行修改

3.3： 使用pfile启动数据库到nomount 状态，进行测试，并创建spfile

SQL> startup pfile='/uoracle/app/dbs/initorcl.ora'>ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1.0055E+10 bytes

Fixed Size                  2237008 bytes

Variable Size            3154120112 bytes

Database Buffers         6878658560 bytes

Redo Buffers               19767296 bytes

Database mounted.

Database opened.

SQL> create spfile from pfile;

File created.

4：为辅助实例创建口令文件，密码与源库一致

[oracle@orclA bin]$ pwd

/uoracle/app/bin

[oracle@orclA bin]$ orapwd file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapworcl password=admin123;

[oracle@orclA bin]$

[oracle@orclA bin]$ ls /uoracle/app/dbs/orapworcl

/uoracle/app/dbs/orapworcl

5：配置监听及tnsname文件

源库上：

[root@bzdb ~]# cat /uoracle/app/network/admin/listener.ora

# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /uoracle/app/network/admin/listener.ora

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

orcl =

(DESCRIPTION_LIST =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.45)(PORT = 1521))

)

)

ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /orabase

[root@bzdb ~]# cat /uoracle/app/network/admin/tnsnames.ora

# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /uoracle/app/network/admin/tnsnames.ora

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

ORCL =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST =192.168.0.45)(PORT = 1521))

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)

)

)

AUXORCL =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS_LIST =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.46)(PORT = 1521))

)

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)

)

)

辅助库上：

TARGETORCL =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS_LIST =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.45)(PORT = 1521))

)

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)

)

)

ORCL =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS_LIST =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.78)(PORT = 1521))

)

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)

)

)

6：目标库进行备份，并拷贝到辅助实例服务其上，或同NFS挂载过去；

RMAN> RUN {

2>  allocate channel c1 type disk;

3> allocate channel c2 type disk;

4> backup database format '/backup/orcl_%U_%T' skip inaccessible filesperset 5 tag orcl_bak;

5> sql 'alter system archive log current';

6> backup archivelog all delete input  format '/backup/arch_%U_%T'  skip inaccessible filesperset 5;

7> backup current controlfile format '/backup/ctl_%U_%T'  tag='ctl_BAK';

8> backup  spfile format '/backup/orcl_spfile_%U_%T' tag='spfile';

9> release channel c2;

10> release channel c1;

11> }

注： 因为这里使用的是nocatalog备份方式，备份信息会写入到控制文件中，所以，控制文件要单独备份

目标库上：

[root@bzdb ~]# cat /etc/exports

/backup  192.168.0.78(rw,async)

[root@bzdb ~]# /etc/init.d/nfs start

Starting NFS services: [  OK  ]

Starting NFS mountd: [  OK  ]

Stopping RPC idmapd: [  OK  ]

Starting RPC idmapd: [  OK  ]

Starting NFS daemon: [  OK  ]

辅助库上：

# 建立与目标库上相同的目录

mkdir   /backup

chown oracle.oinstall   /backup  -R

chmod 775   /backup

showmount -e 192.168.0.45

mount -t nfs 192.168.0.45:/backup   /bakup

7：使用pfile启动辅助实例到nomount,并退出会话；

SQL> startup nomount pfile='/uoracle/app/dbs/initorcl.ora'

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1.0055E+10 bytes

Fixed Size                  2237008 bytes

Variable Size            3154120112 bytes

Database Buffers         6878658560 bytes

Redo Buffers               19767296 bytes

SQL> exit

Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Oracle Label Security, OLAP, Data Mining,

Oracle Database Vault and Real Application Testing options

8：duplicate命令复制数据库；

目标库上：

[oracle@bzdb ~]$ rman target sys/admin123@orcl auxiliary sys/admin123@auxorcl;

Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sun Jul 18 20:41:19 2010

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1248423599)

connected to auxiliary database: ORCL (not mounted)

RMAN> duplicate target database to ORCL nofilenamecheck

logfile

'/orabase/oradata/orcl/redo01.log' size 100M,

'/orabase/oradata/orcl/redo02.log' size 100M,

'/orabase/oradata/orcl/redo03.log' size 100M;

9:创建spfile，并重新启动

create spfile from pfile;

shutdown immeidate;

startup

验证数据库是否复制成功