Tomcat是非常流行的Web Server,它还是一个满足Servlet规范的容器。那么想一想,Tomcat和我们的Web应用是什么关系?
从感性上来说,我们一般需要把Web应用打成WAR包部署到Tomcat中,在我们的Web应用中,我们要指明URL被哪个类的哪个方法所处理(不论是原始的Servlet开发,还是现在流行的Spring MVC都必须指明)。
由于我们的Web应用是运行在Tomcat中,那么显然,请求必定是先到达Tomcat的。Tomcat对于请求实际上会进行下面的处理:
第一:提供Socket服务
Tomcat的启动,必然是Socket服务,只不过它支持HTTP协议而已!
这里其实可以扩展思考下,Tomcat既然是基于Socket,那么是基于BIO or NIO or AIO呢?
第二:进行请求的分发
要知道一个Tomcat可以为多个Web应用提供服务,那么很显然,Tomcat可以把URL下发到不同的Web应用。
第三:需要把请求和响应封装成request/response
我们在Web应用这一层,可从来没有封装过request/response的,我们都是直接使用的,这就是因为Tomcat已经为你做好了!
话不多说,先来看一眼工程截图:
MyRequest
package mytomcat;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
/**
* @author zhoufan
* @Date 2020/7/31
*/
public class MyRequest {
private String url;
private String method;
public MyRequest(InputStream inputStream) throws IOException {
String httpReuest = "";
byte[] httpRequestBytes = new byte[1024];
int length = 0;
int read = inputStream.read(httpRequestBytes);
if ((length = read) > 0) {
httpReuest = new String(httpRequestBytes, 0, length);
}
String httpHead = httpReuest.split("\n")[0];
// 获取请求头里面的url
url = httpHead.split("\\s")[1];
// 获取请求头里面的请求方式
method = httpHead.split("\\s")[0];
System.out.print(this);
}
public String getUrl() {
return url;
}
public void setUrl(String url) {
this.url = url;
}
public String getMethod() {
return method;
}
public void setMethod(String method) {
this.method = method;
}
}
这里,你可以清楚的看到,我们通过输入流,对HTTP协议进行解析,拿到了HTTP请求头的方法以及URL。
MyResponse
package mytomcat;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
/**
* @author zhoufan
* @Date 2020/7/31
*/
public class MyResponse {
private OutputStream outputStream;
public MyResponse(OutputStream outputStream) {
this.outputStream = outputStream;
}
public void write(String content) throws IOException {
StringBuffer httpResponse = new StringBuffer();
httpResponse.append("HTTP/1.1 200 OK\n")
.append("Content-Type: text/html\n")
.append("\r\n")
.append("<html><body>")
.append(content)
.append("</body></html>");
outputStream.write(httpResponse.toString().getBytes());
outputStream.close();
}
}
基于HTTP协议的格式进行输出写入。
MyServlet
package mytomcat;
/**
* @author zhoufan
* @Date 2020/7/31
*/
public abstract class MyServlet {
public abstract void doGet(MyRequest myRequest, MyResponse myResponse);
public abstract void doPost(MyRequest myRequest, MyResponse myResponse);
public void service(MyRequest myRequest, MyResponse myResponse) {
// 判断请求方式
if (myRequest.getMethod().equalsIgnoreCase("POST")) {
doPost(myRequest, myResponse);
} else if (myRequest.getMethod().equalsIgnoreCase("GET")) {
doGet(myRequest, myResponse);
}
}
}
MyHello
package mytomcat;
import java.io.IOException;
/**
* @author zhoufan
* @Date 2020/7/31
*/
public class MyHello extends MyServlet {
@Override
public void doGet(MyRequest myRequest, MyResponse myResponse) {
try {
myResponse.write("MyHello................get");
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Override
public void doPost(MyRequest myRequest, MyResponse myResponse) {
try {
myResponse.write("MyHello................post");
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
MySon
package mytomcat;
import java.io.IOException;
/**
* @author zhoufan
* @Date 2020/7/31
*/
public class MySon extends MyServlet {
@Override
public void doGet(MyRequest myRequest, MyResponse myResponse) {
try {
myResponse.write("mySon....................Get");
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Override
public void doPost(MyRequest myRequest, MyResponse myResponse) {
try {
myResponse.write("mySon......................post");
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
提供这2个具体的Servlet实现,只是为了后续的测试!
MyTomcat
package mytomcat;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* @author zhoufan
* @Date 2020/7/31
*/
public class MyTomcat extends Thread {
static Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();
// 加载配置文件,我们在servlet开发中,会在web.xml中通过<servlet></servlet>和<servlet-mapping></servlet-mapping>来进行指定哪个URL交给哪个servlet进行处理。
static {
map.put("/myhello", "mytomcat.MyHello");
map.put("/myson", "mytomcat.MySon");
}
@Override
public void run() {
ServerSocket serverSocket = null;
try {
// socket服务器接受客户端消息
serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8080);
System.out.println("MYtomcat is start..........");
while (true) {
Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
MyRequest myRequest = new MyRequest(inputStream);
MyResponse myResponse = new MyResponse(outputStream);
// 请求分发
dispatch(myRequest, myResponse);
socket.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (serverSocket != null) {
try {
serverSocket.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
public void dispatch(MyRequest myRequest, MyResponse myResponse) {
// 通过url获取对应的servlet
String clazz = map.get(myRequest.getUrl());
Class<MyServlet> myServletClass = null;
try {
if (clazz != null) {
// 通过反射创建servlet对象
myServletClass = (Class<MyServlet>) Class.forName(clazz);
MyServlet myServlet = myServletClass.newInstance();
myServlet.service(myRequest, myResponse);
} else {
System.out.println("没有配置url映射的servlet.............................." + myRequest.getUrl());
}
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InstantiationException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
MyTomcat myTomcat = new MyTomcat();
myTomcat.start();
}
}
这里,你能够看到Tomcat的处理流程:把URL对应处理的Servlet关系形成,解析HTTP协议,封装请求/响应对象,利用反射实例化具体的Servlet进行处理即可。
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