1060 Are They Equal (25分)

• 这题的关键是小数点的处理，为了方便提取有效数字，先将小数点去掉
• 设置一个变量nonNegativePos确定第一个非零位
• 可以用stringstream将数字转换为字符串，需要包含头文件sstream

#include<string>
#include<iostream>
#include<sstream>
using namespace std;
string getRes(string s, int digit) {
	int exp;	//化为标准形式后的指数
	int dotPos = s.find('.');
	for (string::iterator it = s.begin(); it != s.end(); it++) {
		if (*it == '.') {
			s.erase(it);	//删去数字的小数点
			break;
		}
	}
	int nonNegativePos = -1;	//数字第一个非零位的位置
	for (int i = 0;i < s.length();i++) {
		if (s[i] >= '1' && s[i] <= '9') {
			nonNegativePos = i;
			break;
		}
	}
	if (nonNegativePos == -1) {	//没有非零位
		string t;
		while (t.length() < digit)
			t += "0";
		return "0." + t + "*10^0";
	}
	if (dotPos == -1) {	//没有小数点
		exp = s.length();
	}
	else exp = dotPos - nonNegativePos;
	s = s.substr(nonNegativePos, digit);
	while (s.length() < digit) {
		s += "0";
	}
	//将指数转换为字符串
	string e;
	stringstream ss;
	ss << exp;
	ss >> e;
	return "0." + s + "*10^" + e;
}
int main() {
	int digitNum;
	scanf("%d", &digitNum);
	string s1, s2;
	cin >> s1 >> s2;
	string res1 = getRes(s1, digitNum), res2 = getRes(s2, digitNum);
	if (res1 == res2) {
		cout << "YES " << res1 << endl;
	}
	else {
		cout << "NO " << res1 << " " << res2 << endl;
	}
}

二刷：
注意erase(start, size)的用法。

#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include<algorithm>
using namespace std;
int digitNum;
string getNum(string num) {
	int pointIndex = 0;	//index of decimal point
	while(pointIndex < num.length() && num[pointIndex] != '.')
		pointIndex++;
	if(pointIndex < num.length()) {
		num.erase(pointIndex, 1);	//remove decimal point
	}
	int start = 0;
	while(start < num.length() && num[start] == '0' || num[start] == '.') {
		start++;
	}
	int size = min((int)(num.length() - start), digitNum);
	string validDigits = num.substr(start, size);
	while(validDigits.length() < digitNum)
		validDigits += "0";
	int exp = pointIndex - start;
	if(start >= num.length())
		exp = 0;
	string res = "0." + validDigits + "*10^" + to_string(exp);
	return res;
}
int main() {
	cin >> digitNum;
	string n1, n2;
	cin >> n1 >> n2;
	string s1 = getNum(n1), s2 = getNum(n2);
	if(s1 == s2) {
		cout << "YES " << s1;
	} else {
		cout << "NO " << s1 << " " << s2;
	}
}