简单层的实现

class MulLayer:
    def __init__(self):
        self.x = None
        self.y = None
        
    def forward(self,x,y):
        self.x = x
        self.y = y
        out = x*y
        return out
        
    def backward(self,dout):
        dx = dout*self.y
        dy = dout*self.x
        
        return dx,dy
    
class AddLayer:
    def __init__(self):
        pass
        
    def forward(self,x,y):
        out = x+y
        return out
        
    def backward(self,dout):
        dx = dout*1
        dy = dout*1
        
        return dx,dy
    
    
apple = 100
apple_num = 2
tax = 1.1
 
apple_mul_layer = MulLayer()
tax_num_layer = MulLayer()


apple_price = apple_mul_layer.forward(apple,apple_num)
price = tax_num_layer.forward(apple_price,tax)

print(apple_price)
print(price)#最后的总价价

dprice = 1
dapple_price, dtax = tax_num_layer.backward(dprice)
dapple, dapple_num = apple_mul_layer.backward(dapple_price)

print(dapple, dapple_num,dtax)#每一项增加1，price最后会增加多少

orange = 150
orange_num = 3

#Layer
add_layer = AddLayer()
orange_mul_layer = MulLayer()

#forward
orange_price = orange_mul_layer.forward(orange,orange_num)
all_price = add_layer.forward(apple_price,orange_price)
price = tax_num_layer.forward(all_price,tax)

#backward
dprice = 1
dall_price, dtax = tax_num_layer.backward(dprice)
dapple, dorange_price = add_layer.backward(dall_price)
dorange, dorange_num = orange_mul_layer.backward(dorange_price)
dapple, dapple_num = apple_mul_layer.backward(dapple_price)
 
#每一项增加1，price最后会增加多少
print(dapple,dorange,dapple_num,dorange_num,dtax/100)

输出

200
220.00000000000003
2.2 110.00000000000001 200
2.2 3.3000000000000003 110.00000000000001 165.0 6.5