爬取大众点评数据

大众点评抓取
网址链接
http://www.dianping.com/shoplist/shopRank/pcChannelRankingV2?rankId=fce2e3a36450422b7fad3f2b90370efd71862f838d1255ea693b953b1d49c7c0

通过观察每个城市的链接主要区别于ranKld，每个城市有特定的ID，因此先获取到相应城市的ID，便可进行后续抓取。

获取到的城市ID为：

[“上海”,“fce2e3a36450422b7fad3f2b90370efd71862f838d1255ea693b953b1d49c7c0”],

[“北京”,“d5036cf54fcb57e9dceb9fefe3917fff71862f838d1255ea693b953b1d49c7c0”],

[“广州”,“e749e3e04032ee6b165fbea6fe2dafab71862f838d1255ea693b953b1d49c7c0”],

[“深圳”,“e049aa251858f43d095fc4c61d62a9ec71862f838d1255ea693b953b1d49c7c0”],

[“天津”,“2e5d0080237ff3c8f5b5d3f315c7c4a508e25c702ab1b810071e8e2c39502be1”],

[“杭州”,“91621282e559e9fc9c5b3e816cb1619c71862f838d1255ea693b953b1d49c7c0”]

,[“南京”,“d6339a01dbd98141f8e684e1ad8af5c871862f838d1255ea693b953b1d49c7c0”],

[“苏州”,“536e0e568df850d1e6ba74b0cf72e19771862f838d1255ea693b953b1d49c7c0”],

[“成都”,“c950bc35ad04316c76e89bf2dc86bfe071862f838d1255ea693b953b1d49c7c0”],

[“武汉”,“d96a24c312ed7b96fcc0cedd6c08f68c08e25c702ab1b810071e8e2c39502be1”],

[“重庆”,“6229984ceb373efb8fd1beec7eb4dcfd71862f838d1255ea693b953b1d49c7c0”],

[“西安”,“ad66274c7f5f8d27ffd7f6b39ec447b608e25c702ab1b810071e8e2c39502be1”]

抓取页面

抓取分析
通过浏览器分析可发现该网站通过Ajax请求，所有数据来源于：

http://www.dianping.com/mylist/ajax/shoprank?rankId=fce2e3a36450422b7fad3f2b90370efd71862f838d1255ea693b953b1d49c7c0

该链接同之前请求一样，只需要替换rankId便可进行多城市数据获取。最终抓取的数据只需要解析json边可获得所需字段，由于大众没有特别反爬限制，只需要不断轮换userAgent便可绕过反爬。

我们对上海，北京，广州，深圳，天津，杭州，南京，苏州，成都，武汉，重庆，西安等城市的前100家商铺进行数据获取，并分析最终所获取数据集，见《大众点评数据分析》

请求头

USER_AGENT_LIST = [

“Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/22.0.1207.1 Safari/537.1”,

“Mozilla/5.0 (X11; CrOS i686 2268.111.0) AppleWebKit/536.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1132.57 Safari/536.11”,

“Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.6 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1092.0 Safari/536.6”,

“Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.6 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1090.0 Safari/536.6”,

“Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.77.34.5 Safari/537.1”,

“Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/536.5 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1084.9 Safari/536.5”]

head = {

‘User-Agent’: ‘{0}’.format(random.sample(USER_AGENT_LIST, 1)[0])  # 随机获取

}

代码展示：

#!/usr/bin/env python

encoding: utf-8

“”"
@version: v1.0
@author: W_H_J
@license: Apache Licence
@contact: 415900617@qq.com
@site:
@software: PyCharm
@file: dazhongFood.py
@time: 2018/7/18 15:46
@describe: 大众点评美食抓取
list_city :城市的ID号码，依次是：上海，北京，广州，深圳，天津，杭州，南京，苏州，成都，武汉，重庆，西安
“”"
import json
import random
import requests
from base.dbhelper import DBHelper

城市列表

list_city = [[“上海”,“fce2e3a36450422b7fad3f2b90370efd71862f838d1255ea693b953b1d49c7c0”],[“北京”,“d5036cf54fcb57e9dceb9fefe3917fff71862f838d1255ea693b953b1d49c7c0”],[“广州”,“e749e3e04032ee6b165fbea6fe2dafab71862f838d1255ea693b953b1d49c7c0”],[“深圳”,“e049aa251858f43d095fc4c61d62a9ec71862f838d1255ea693b953b1d49c7c0”],[“天津”,“2e5d0080237ff3c8f5b5d3f315c7c4a508e25c702ab1b810071e8e2c39502be1”],[“杭州”,“91621282e559e9fc9c5b3e816cb1619c71862f838d1255ea693b953b1d49c7c0”],[“南京”,“d6339a01dbd98141f8e684e1ad8af5c871862f838d1255ea693b953b1d49c7c0”],[“苏州”,“536e0e568df850d1e6ba74b0cf72e19771862f838d1255ea693b953b1d49c7c0”],[“成都”,“c950bc35ad04316c76e89bf2dc86bfe071862f838d1255ea693b953b1d49c7c0”],[“武汉”,“d96a24c312ed7b96fcc0cedd6c08f68c08e25c702ab1b810071e8e2c39502be1”],[“重庆”,“6229984ceb373efb8fd1beec7eb4dcfd71862f838d1255ea693b953b1d49c7c0”],[“西安”,“ad66274c7f5f8d27ffd7f6b39ec447b608e25c702ab1b810071e8e2c39502be1”]]

请求头

USER_AGENT_LIST = [
“Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/22.0.1207.1 Safari/537.1”,
“Mozilla/5.0 (X11; CrOS i686 2268.111.0) AppleWebKit/536.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1132.57 Safari/536.11”,
“Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.6 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1092.0 Safari/536.6”,
“Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.6 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1090.0 Safari/536.6”,
“Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.77.34.5 Safari/537.1”,
“Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/536.5 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1084.9 Safari/536.5”]
head = {
‘User-Agent’: ‘{0}’.format(random.sample(USER_AGENT_LIST, 1)[0]) # 随机获取
}

flag = 0
code = 0

解析

def findFood(city,data):
global flag,code
mysql_db = DBHelper()
for data in json.loads(data)[“shopBeans”]:
flag +=1
# 详细地址
shopAddress = data[“address”]
# 人均消费
avgPrice = data[“avgPrice”]
# 商铺图片
defaultPic = data[“defaultPic”]
# 分类名称
mainCategoryName = data[“mainCategoryName”]
# 所在区域名称
mainRegionName = data[“mainRegionName”]
# 口味评分
tasteScore = data[“score1”]
# 环境评分
environmentScore = data[“score2”]
# 服务评分
serviceScore = data[“score3”]
# 商品编号
shopId = data[“shopId”]
# 商铺网址
shopUrl = “http://www.dianping.com/shop/”+shopId
# 商铺名称
shopName = data[“shopName”]
# 商铺星级
shopPower = data[“shopPower”]
sql = ‘’‘insert into dazhongfood(shopUrl,shopName, shopId, shopPower, mainRegionName, mainCategoryName, tasteScore, environmentScore, serviceScore, avgPrice, shopAddress, defaultPic, city) VALUES (%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s)’’’
params = (shopUrl,shopName, shopId, shopPower, mainRegionName, mainCategoryName, tasteScore, environmentScore, serviceScore, avgPrice, shopAddress, defaultPic, city)
try:
mysql_db.insert(sql,*params)
code +=1
print("----- 插入:", code, “条------”)
except:
print(“已存在不再重复插入！！”)
print(“总条数：”, flag)

抓取

def foodSpider(city_list):
city = city_list[0]
url = city_list[1]
base_url = “http://www.dianping.com/mylist/ajax/shoprank?rankId=”+url
html = requests.get(base_url, headers=head)
findFood(city=city, data=str(html.text))

if name == ‘main’:
for city_data in list_city:
foodSpider(city_data)
最终获取结果存储至MySQL。(完整数据集见daZhongFood/data)

最终结果

完整代码见github：https://github.com/Liangchengdeye/DaZhongdianping.git

后续后发布对抓取结果的《大众点评热门餐厅抓取与数据分析》，数据分析结果同上见github。

作者：凉城的夜
来源：CSDN
原文：https://blog.csdn.net/sinat_32651363/article/details/81120754
版权声明：本文为博主原创文章，转载请附上博文链接！