微服务Spring Cloud实战 简易教程操作流程 图文步骤

简介 编写服务提供者

服务消费者链接： https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43439494/article/details/83268572

目录

1.创建一个Maven项目，他的ArtifactId是microservice-simple-provider-user，pom.xml的内容如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.itmuch.cloud</groupId>
  <artifactId>microservice-simple-provider-user</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>jar</packaging>

  <!-- 引入spring boot的依赖 -->
  <parent>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
    <version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version>
  </parent>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <java.version>1.8</java.version>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
      <artifactId>h2</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

  <!-- 引入spring cloud的依赖 -->
  <dependencyManagement>
    <dependencies>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
        <version>Edgware.RELEASE</version>
        <type>pom</type>
        <scope>import</scope>
      </dependency>
    </dependencies>
  </dependencyManagement>

  <!-- 添加spring-boot的maven插件 -->
  <build>
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>
</project>

其中，Spring-boot-starter-web提供了SpringMVC的支持；
spring-boot-starter-data-jpa提供了Spring Data JPA的支持。

2.准备好建表语句，在项目的classpath下建立schema.sql，并添加如下内容：

	drop table user if exists;
	create table user (id bigint generated by default as identity, username varchar(40),
	name varchar(20), age int(3), balance decimal(10,2), primary key (id));

3. 准备几条数据,在项目的classpath下建立data.sql，并添加如下内容：

	insert into user(id,username,name,age,balance)values(1,'account1','张三',20,100.00);
	insert into user(id,username,name,age,balance)values(2,'account2','李四',28,180.00);
	insert into user(id,username,name,age,balance)values(3,'account3','王五',32,280.00);

4.创建用户实体类User

public class User {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
    private Long id;
    @Column
    private String username;
    @Column
    private String name;
    @Column
    private Integer age;
    @Column
    private BigDecimal balance;

	//getters and setters
    public Long getId() { return id;}
    public void setId(Long id) {this.id = id;}
    public String getUsername() { return username; }
    public void setUsername(String username) { this.username = username;}
    public String getName() { return name; }
    public void setName(String name) { this.name = name;}
    public Integer getAge() {return age; }
    public void setAge(Integer age) { this.age = age;}
    public BigDecimal getBalance() { return balance; }
    public void setBalance(BigDecimal balance) {this.balance = balance; }
}

5.创建DAO（注意类型是Interface）UserRepositotry

@Repository
public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User, Long> {
}

6.创建UserController

@RestController
public class UserController {
    @Autowired
    private UserRepository userRepository;


    @GetMapping("/{id}")
    public User findById(@PathVariable Long id) {
        User findOne = this.userRepository.findById(id).get();
        return findOne;
    }
}

之前书上写的是User findOne = this.userRepository.findOne(id);

但是springboot方法报错是因为用的版本高，可以将它改为 this.userRepository.findById(id).get()或者 this.userRepository.findById(id).orElse(null)

7.编写启动类ProviderUserRepository，在类上使用@SpringBootApplication声明这是一个SpringBoot项目。

@SpringBootApplication
public class ProviderUserApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ProviderUserApplication.class, args);
    }
}

8.编写配置文件，命名为application.yml。

server:
    port: 8000
Spring:
    jpa:
        generate-ddl: false
        show-sql: true
        hibernate:
            ddl-auto: none
    datasource:                         #指定数据源
        platform: h2                    #指定数据源类型
        schema: classpath:schema.sql    #指定mysql数据库的建表脚本
        data: classpath:data.sql        #指定mysql数据库的数据脚本
logging:                               # 配置日志级别，让hibernate打印出执行的SQL
     level:
        root: INFO
        org.hibernate: INFO
        org.hibernate.type.descriptor.sql.BasicBinder: TRACE
        org.hibernate.type.descriptor.sql.BasicExtractor: TRACE
 

小知识点：Spring Boot以及Spring Cloud 支持使用yml格式文件或properties格式文件。

9.最后访问网页 localhost:8000/1，结果如下

本文大部分内容转载自周立的《Spring Cloud与Docker微服务架构实战》