Java Web基础学习（8）——过滤器(Filter)

最新推荐文章于 2023-12-10 19:22:03 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-12-10 19:22:03 发布

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分类专栏： Java Web基础文章标签：过滤器 filter

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43510391/article/details/117003122

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文章目录

1、内容介绍
2、初识过滤器
3、开发第一个过滤器
4、过滤器的生命周期
5、过滤器的两种开发形式
6、过滤器参数化
7、Url-Pattern设置过滤范围
8、过滤链

1、内容介绍

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2、初识过滤器

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3、开发第一个过滤器

①编写过滤器对url进行处理

public class MyFirstFilter implements Filter{

	@Override
	public void destroy() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

	@Override
	public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain)
			throws IOException, ServletException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		System.out.println("过滤器已生效");
		chain.doFilter(request,response);
	}

	@Override
	public void init(FilterConfig arg0) throws ServletException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}
	
}

②编写测试用例html文件

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
我是默认首页
</body>
</html>

③编写测试用例servlet文件

@WebServlet("/hello")
public class HelloServlet extends HttpServlet {
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
       
    /**
     * @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
     */
    public HelloServlet() {
        super();
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

	/**
	 * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
	 */
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		response.getWriter().println("Hello World!!!");
	}

	/**
	 * @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
	 */
	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		doGet(request, response);
	}

}

④在web.xml对过滤器进行相关配置

<filter>
    <filter-name>MyFirstFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>com.imooc.filter.MyFirstFilter</filter-class>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>MyFirstFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>

⑤启动Tomcat，分别对html和servlet进行访问，查看控制台信息：
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4、过滤器的生命周期

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5、过滤器的两种开发形式

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案例（字符集过滤器）：

package com.imooc.filter;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class CharacterEncodingFilter implements Filter {

	@Override
	public void destroy() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

	@Override
	public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain)
			throws IOException, ServletException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		HttpServletRequest req = (HttpServletRequest)request;
		req.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
		HttpServletResponse res = (HttpServletResponse)response;
		res.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
		chain.doFilter(request, response);
	}

	@Override
	public void init(FilterConfig arg0) throws ServletException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}
	
}

 <filter>
    <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>com.imooc.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>

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6、过滤器参数化

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例：

  <filter>
    <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>com.imooc.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
    		<param-name>encoding</param-name>
    		<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>

在过滤器初始化方法中调用参数：

	@Override
	public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		encoding = filterConfig.getInitParameter("encoding");
	}