Django 生成CSV文件(打开页面后生成CSV数据,下载到电脑),文件上传

python 生成csv文件

import csv
with open("a.csv","w",newline="") as csvfile:
    writer = csv.writer(csvfile)
    writer.writerow(["a","b","c"])

Django 生成csv文件

def test_csv_view(request):
    from bookstore.models import Book
    response = HttpResponse(content_type="test/csv")
    response['Content-Disposition'] = 'attachment;filename="test_csv.csv"'
    all_book = Book.objects.all()
    writer = csv.writer(response)
    writer.writerow(["id","title"])
    for i in all_book:
        writer.writerow([i.id,i.title])
    return response

上传文件

前端

1. 上传请求: post
2. form表单: 添加enctype=“multipart/form-data”
3. 表单上传文件标签: <input type="file" name="xxxx" >

后端

视图

视图函数,用request.FILES 取文件框内容
file = request.FILES[“xxx”]

说明

1. FilES的key对应页面中file框的name值
2. file 绑定文件流对象
3. file.name文件名
4. file.file文件字节流数据

路由

setting.py
添加

MEDIA_URL = '/media/'
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR,"media")

urls.py
添加

from django.conf import settings
from django.conf.urls.static import static
urlpatterns +=static(settings.MEDIA_URL,document_root=settings.MEDIA_ROOT)

文件写入方案

传统open方法(需要考虑文件重名)

@csrf.csrf_exempt
def test_upload1(request):
    if request.method == "GET":
        return render(request,"test_upload.html")
    if request.method == "POST":
        a_file = request.FILES["myfile"]
        print("上传文件",a_file.name)
        filename = os.path.join(settings.MEDIA_ROOT,a_file.name)
        with open(filename,"wb") as f:
            data = a_file.file.read()
            f.write(data)
        return HttpResponse("接受文件成功")

借助ORM(推荐使用)

字段: FileField(upload=“子目录名”)
#存储路径

@csrf.csrf_exempt
def test_upload2(request):
    if request.method == "GET":
        return render(request,"test_upload.html")
    if request.method == "POST":
        title = request.POST.get("title")
        a_file = request.FILES["myfile"]
        content.object.create(desc=title,myfile=a_file)
        return HttpResponse("接受文件成功")

#content→模型类

查看上传文件

http://127.0.0.1:8000/media/类字段名/图片名

.xls上传下载文件示例:

有模板

import xlrd
from xlutils.copy import copy
import xlwt
import os
import datetime
from django.http import FileResponse


def get_file_path(file_type):
    # 开发环境下保存在smartwork同级文件下
    app_file_save_path = r'D:\Desktop\pythonProject1\test1'
    path = os.path.join(app_file_save_path, file_type)
    # 如果目录不存在，自动建立目录
    if not os.path.exists(path):
        os.makedirs(path)

    return path


def excel(request):
    template = xlrd.open_workbook('D:\Desktop\pythonProject1\emplate.xls', formatting_info=True)
    export_file = copy(template)
    sheet = export_file.get_sheet(0)

    # 设置样式
    style = xlwt.XFStyle()  # Create Style
    borders = xlwt.Borders()  # Create Borders
    font = xlwt.Font()  # 为样式创建字体
    # 设置字体
    # font.name = 'Times New Roman'
    # font.name = u'宋体'
    font.height = 220
    # 设置单元格下框线样式
    borders.left = 1
    borders.right = 1
    borders.top = 1
    borders.bottom = 1
    borders.bottom_colour = 0x3A

    style.font = font  # 设定样式
    style.borders = borders  # 将赋值好的模式参数导入Style

    # 添加数据
    # row = 6
    for row, num in enumerate(range(3)):
        # 编号
        sheet.write(row + 6, 0,
                    f'{num}', style)
        # row += 1
    export_path = get_file_path('ceshi')
    export_file_name = "feedback_export" + f"{datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d-%H-%M-%S')}.xls"
    export_file_path = os.path.join(export_path, export_file_name)
    export_file.save(export_file_path)

    f = open(export_file_path, 'rb')
    response = FileResponse(f)
    response['Content-Type'] = 'application/octet-stream'
    export_file_name = os.path.basename(export_file_path)
    response['Content-Disposition'] = 'attachment;filename=%s' % export_file_name
    return response

无模板

def excel(request):
	export_path = get_file_path("临时文件保存位置")
    # 创建excel文件
    workbook = xlwt.Workbook()
    # 添加一个表
    worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('sheet1')
    export_file_name = "文件名.xls"'))
    export_file_path = os.path.join(export_path, export_file_name)

    # 设置导出表头样式
    head_style = xlwt.XFStyle()  # Create Style
    head_borders = xlwt.Borders()  # Create Borders
    head_font = xlwt.Font()  # 为样式创建字体
    # 设置字体
    # head_font.name = 'Times New Roman'
    # head_font.name = u'宋体'
    head_font.height = 240
    head_font.bold = True
    # 设置单元格下框线样式
    head_borders.left = 1
    head_borders.right = 1
    head_borders.top = 1
    head_borders.bottom = 1
    head_borders.bottom_colour = 0x3A
    head_style.font = head_font  # 设定样式
    head_style.borders = head_borders  # 将赋值好的模式参数导入Style

    # 设置数据内容样式
    data_style = xlwt.XFStyle()  # Create Style
    data_borders = xlwt.Borders()  # Create Borders
    data_font = xlwt.Font()  # 为样式创建字体
    # 设置字体
    # data_font.name = 'Times New Roman'
    # data_font.name = u'宋体'
    data_font.height = 220
    # 设置单元格下框线样式
    data_borders.left = 1
    data_borders.right = 1
    data_borders.top = 1
    data_borders.bottom = 1
    data_borders.bottom_colour = 0x3A
    data_style.font = data_font  # 设定样式
    data_style.borders = data_borders  # 将赋值好的模式参数导入Style

    # 合并第一行得到提示信息
    # worksheet.write_merge(0, 0, 0, 9, '备注：\n\r 1.仅供反馈管理模块的数据导出使用 ', data_style)

    # 加入空行
    # for i in range(1, 5):
    #     for n in range(0, 10):
    #         worksheet.write(i, n, "", data_style)

    # 加入表头
    head_list = list("表头名的列表")
    head_col = 0
    for a_head in head_list:
        worksheet.write(0, head_col, a_head, head_style)
        head_col += 1

    # 添加数据
    data_row = 1
    for trouble in troubles:
        # 反馈编号
        worksheet.write("行号", "列号", f'数据', data_style)

    # 保存
    workbook.save(export_file_path)
    return export_file_path