李兴华java开发实战经典-IO-002

1.将字节流用字符流的形式输出

public class StreamtoChar {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		File file=new File("d:"+File.separator+"mytest.txt");
		Writer outer=new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream(file));
		outer.write("hello world!!");
		outer.close();
	}
}

2.将字节流用字符流的形式读入

public class StreamtoChar {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		File file=new File("d:"+File.separator+"mytest.txt");
		//字节流变字符流
		Reader reader=new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream(file));
		char mychar[]=new char[1024];
		int len=reader.read(mychar);
		System.out.println(new String(mychar,0,len));
		reader.close();
		
	}

}

3.使用转换流读写字符

输出时如果是文件，则使用Filexxx，如果是内存则使用ByteArrayxxx.

public class StreamtoChar {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

		String string="HELLO WORLD";
		ByteArrayInputStream bis=null;
		ByteArrayOutputStream bos=null;
		//向内存中输出内容（实际就是读入）
		bis=new ByteArrayInputStream(string.getBytes());
		//准备从内存中流中读取内容（实际上是输出）
		bos=new ByteArrayOutputStream();
		
		int temp=0;
		while ((temp=bis.read())!=-1) {
			char mychar=(char)temp;//读取的数字转化为char字符
			bos.write(Character.toLowerCase(mychar));
		}
		//所有的数据就全部在ByteArrayOutputStream中
		String newStr=bos.toString();//取出内容
		System.out.println(newStr);
		bis.close();
		bos.close();

	}

}

4.管道流连接两个线程

使用connect（）方法连接两个管道流

class Send implements Runnable{
	private PipedOutputStream pos=null;//管道输出流
	public Send() {
		this.pos=new PipedOutputStream();
	}
	@Override
	public void run() {
		String string="Hello World";
		try {
			this.pos.write(string.getBytes());
		} catch (IOException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		try {
			pos.close();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

	}
	
	//得到此线程的管道输出流
	public PipedOutputStream getPos() {
		return this.pos;
	}
	
}

class Receive implements Runnable{
	private PipedInputStream pis=null;//管道输入流
	public Receive() {
		this.pis=new PipedInputStream();
	}

	@Override
	public void run() {
		byte mybyte[]=new byte[1024];
		int len=0;
		try {
			len=this.pis.read(mybyte);
		} catch (IOException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		System.out.println(new String(mybyte,0,len));
		try {
			pis.close();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

	}
	
	public PipedInputStream getPis() {
		return this.pis;
	}
	
}

public class StreamtoChar {

	public static void main(String[] args)  {

		Send send=new Send();
		Receive receive=new Receive();
		//连接管道
		try {
			send.getPos().connect(receive.getPis());
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		new Thread (send).start();
		new Thread(receive).start();	
	}

}

5.打印流

public class StreamtoChar {
	public static void main(String[] args)  {
		PrintStream ps=null;
		try {
			//需要接受一个File对象作为参数
			ps=new PrintStream(new File("d:"+File.separator+"mytest.txt"));
			ps.print("hello");
			ps.println("World");
			ps.println("1+2="+1+2);
		} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}	
	}
}

5.打印流（使用包装流）

这是一种装饰设计，实际上还是outPutStream

public class StreamtoChar {

	public static void main(String[] args)  {

		PrintStream ps=null;
		try {
			//需要接受一个File对象作为参数
			ps=new PrintStream(new FileOutputStream(new File("d:"+File.separator+"mytest.txt")));
			ps.print("hello");
			ps.println("World!!");
			ps.println("1+2="+1+2);
		} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}

6.打印流（格式化输出，c语言风格）

public class StreamtoChar {

	public static void main(String[] args)  {

		PrintStream ps=null;
		try {
			//需要接受一个File对象作为参数
			ps=new PrintStream(new FileOutputStream(new File("d:"+File.separator+"mytest.txt")));
			ps.print("hello");
			String name="ncepu";
			int age=23;
			float score=990.34f;
			char sex='M';
			//c语言风格的输出
			ps.printf("姓名：%s 年龄：%d 成绩：%f 性别： %c",name,age,score,sex);
		} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		ps.close();
	
	}
}

7.缓冲流接受键盘输入

public class StreamtoChar {

	public static void main(String[] args)  {
		BufferedReader bufferedReader=null;
		
		bufferedReader=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
		String string=null;
		System.out.println("请输入内容");
		try {
			string=bufferedReader.readLine();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		System.out.println("输入的内容为"+string);

	}

}

7.IO实例-加法操作

class InputData{
	private BufferedReader br=null;
	public InputData() {
		this.br=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
	}
	public String getString(String info) {
		String tempString=null;
		System.out.println(info);
		try {
			tempString=br.readLine();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return tempString;
		
	}
	
	public int getInt(String info,String err) {
		int temp=0;
		boolean flag=true;
		while (flag) {
			String string=this.getString(info);
			if (string.matches("^\\d+$")) {//使用正则表达式判断文本是否有数字组成
					temp=Integer.parseInt(string);
					flag=false;
			}else {
				System.out.println(err);
			}
		}
		
		return temp;
		
	}
}

public class StreamtoChar {

	public static void main(String[] args)  {
		int i=0;
		int j=0;
		InputData inputData=new InputData(); 
		i=inputData.getInt("请输入第一个数字", "输入的必须是数字，请重新输入");
		j=inputData.getInt("请输入第二个数字", "输入的必须是数字，请重新输入");		
		System.out.println(i+j);

	}

}

7.数据流（格式化输出）

public class StreamtoChar {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception  {
		//声明数据输出流对象
		DataOutputStream dataOutputStream=null;
		File file=new File("D:"+File.separator+"mytest.txt");
		dataOutputStream =new DataOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(file));
		//准备数据格式
		String names[]= {"衬衣","手套","围巾"};
		float prices[]= {98.3f,30.3f,50.5f};
		int nums[]= {3,2,1};
		for (int i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {
			dataOutputStream.writeChars(names[i]);//写入字符串
			dataOutputStream.writeChar('\t');
			dataOutputStream.writeFloat(prices[i]);
			dataOutputStream.writeChar('\t');
			dataOutputStream.writeInt(nums[i]);
			dataOutputStream.writeChar('\n');
		}
		dataOutputStream.close();
	}

}

8.数据流（格式化读取）

public class StreamtoChar {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception  {
		//声明数据输入流对象
		DataInputStream dataInputStream=null;
		File file=new File("D:"+File.separator+"mytest.txt");
		dataInputStream =new DataInputStream(new FileInputStream(file));
		//准备数据格式
		String names=null;
		float prices=0.0f;
		int nums=0;
		
		char temp[]=null;//接受商品名称
		int len=0;//保存读取数据的个数
		char mychar=0;
		try {
			while (true) {
				temp=new char[200];//开闭空间
				while ((mychar=dataInputStream.readChar())!='\t') {
					temp[len]=mychar;
					len++;
				}
				names=new String(temp,0,len);//讲字符数组变成字符
				prices=dataInputStream.readFloat();//读取价格
				dataInputStream.readChar();//读取\t
				nums=dataInputStream.readInt();//读取int
				dataInputStream.readChar();//读取\n
				System.out.printf("名称:%s 价格：%5.2f 数量：%d\n",names,prices,nums);
				
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			// TODO: handle exception
		}
		dataInputStream.close();

	}

}

9.合并流（合并两个流）

public class StreamtoChar {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception  {
		InputStream inputStream1=null;
		InputStream inputStream2=null;
		OutputStream outputStream=null;
		
		SequenceInputStream sequenceInputStream=null;

		inputStream1=new FileInputStream("D:"+File.separator+"a.txt");
		inputStream2=new FileInputStream("D:"+File.separator+"b.txt");
		outputStream=new FileOutputStream("D:"+File.separator+"ab.txt");
		
		sequenceInputStream=new SequenceInputStream(inputStream1,inputStream2);
		int temp=0;
		while ((temp=sequenceInputStream.read())!=-1) {
			outputStream.write(temp);			
		}
		sequenceInputStream.close();
		inputStream1.close();
		inputStream2.close();
		outputStream.close();
	}

}

10.压缩流（压缩包制作）

需要导java.util.zip包，使用ZipOutPutStream流
public class StreamtoChar {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception  {
		//定义原始文件对象
		File file=new File("D:"+File.separator+"mytest.txt");
		//声明压缩文件对象
		File filezip=new File("D:"+File.separator+"mytest.zip");
		
		InputStream inputStream=new FileInputStream(file);
		ZipOutputStream zipOutputStream=null;
		zipOutputStream=new ZipOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(filezip));
		//设置zipEntry名字
		zipOutputStream.putNextEntry(new ZipEntry(file.getName()));
		zipOutputStream.setComment("fengraytech");//设置注释
		int temp=0;
		while((temp=inputStream.read())!=-1) {
			zipOutputStream.write(temp);
		}
		inputStream.close();
		zipOutputStream.close();
		
	}

}

11.压缩流（文件夹压缩包制作）

ZipFile类

public class StreamtoChar {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception  {
		//定义原始文件对象
		File file=new File("D:"+File.separator+"mytest");
		//声明压缩文件对象
		File filezip=new File("D:"+File.separator+"mytestdir.zip");
		
		InputStream inputStream=null;
		ZipOutputStream zipOutputStream=null;
		zipOutputStream=new ZipOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(filezip));
		//多少个文件设置多少个zipEntry对象
		if(file.isDirectory()) {
			File list[] =file.listFiles();//列出全部文件
			for (int i = 0; i < list.length; i++) {
				inputStream=new FileInputStream(list[i]);
				zipOutputStream.putNextEntry(new ZipEntry(file.getName()+
						File.separator+list[i].getName()));
				int temp=0;
				while((temp=inputStream.read())!=-1) {
					zipOutputStream.write(temp);
				}
				inputStream.close();
			}
		}		
		zipOutputStream.close();		
	}
}

11.压缩流（解压缩文件）

public class StreamtoChar {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception  {
		//定义原始文件对象
		File file=new File("D:"+File.separator+"mytest.zip");//找到压缩文件
		File outputFile=new File("d:"+File.separator+"mytest_unzip.txt");//设置解压缩文件和路径
		ZipFile zipFile=new ZipFile(file);//实例化zipFile对象
		System.out.println("压缩文件的名称"+zipFile.getName());
		ZipEntry entery=zipFile.getEntry("mytest.txt");//得到一个压缩实体
		
		OutputStream outputStream=new FileOutputStream(outputFile);//实例化输出流
		InputStream inputStream=zipFile.getInputStream(entery);
		int temp=0;
		while ((temp=inputStream.read())!=-1) {
			outputStream.write(temp);
			
		}
		inputStream.close();
		outputStream.close();
	}

}

12.压缩流（解压缩文件夹）

public class StreamtoChar {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception  {
		//定义原始文件对象
		File file=new File("D:"+File.separator+"mytestdir.zip");//找到压缩文件
		File outFile=null;
		ZipFile zipFile=new ZipFile(file);
		ZipEntry entry=null;
		//定义压缩输入流
		ZipInputStream zipInputStream=null;
		OutputStream outputStream=null;
		InputStream input=null;
		
		zipInputStream=new ZipInputStream(new FileInputStream(file));
		while((entry=zipInputStream.getNextEntry())!=null) {
			System.out.println("解压缩："+entry.getName()+"文件");
			outFile=new File("D:"+File.separator+entry.getName());
			if (!outFile.getParentFile().exists()) {
				outFile.getParentFile().mkdir();
			}
			if (outFile.exists()) {
				outFile.createNewFile();
			}
			
			input=zipFile.getInputStream(entry);//得到每个实体的输入流
			//实例化文件输出流
			outputStream=new FileOutputStream(outFile);//指定输出文件夹
			int temp=0;
			while ((temp=zipInputStream.read())!=-1) {
				outputStream.write(temp);
				
			}
			input.close();
			outputStream.close();
		
		}
		zipInputStream.close();

	}

}

13.对象序列化（自动序列化）

class Person implements Serializable {
	private static final long serialVersionUID=1L;
	private String name;
	private int age;
	
	public Person(String name,int age) {
		this.name=name;
		this.age=age;
	}
	
	public String toString() {
		return "姓名："+this.name+" 年龄："+this.age;
	}
	
}

public class SerialDemo{
	public static void main(String[] args) throws FileNotFoundException, IOException {
		File file=new File("D:"+File.separator+"mytest.txt");
		
		//声明对象输出流
		ObjectOutputStream objectOutputStream=null;
		OutputStream outputStream=new FileOutputStream(file);
		objectOutputStream=new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(file));
		objectOutputStream.writeObject(new Person("张三",20));
		objectOutputStream.close();

	}

}

14.反序列化

public class SerialDemo{
	public static void main(String[] args) throws FileNotFoundException, IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
		File file=new File("D:"+File.separator+"mytest.txt");
		
		//声明对象输出流
		ObjectInputStream objectInputStream=null;
		InputStream inputStream=new FileInputStream(file);
		objectInputStream=new ObjectInputStream(inputStream);
		Object object=objectInputStream.readObject();
		objectInputStream.close();
		System.out.println(object);		
	}
}

15.手动序列化（Extenalizable接口）

class Person implements Externalizable {
	private static final long serialVersionUID=1L;
	private String name;
	private int age;
	//需要定义一个无参构造方法，否则反序列化的时候会报错
	public Person() {}
	
	public Person(String name,int age) {
		this.name=name;
		this.age=age;
	}
	
	public String toString() {
		return "姓名："+this.name+" 年龄："+this.age;
	}

	@Override
	public void writeExternal(ObjectOutput out) throws IOException {
		out.writeObject(this.name);;
		out.writeInt(this.age);
		
	}

	@Override
	public void readExternal(ObjectInput in) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
		this.name=(String) in.readObject();
		this.age=in.readInt();
		
	}
	
}

public class SerialDemo{
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		deser();
		
		
	}
	
	public static void ser() throws Exception{
		File file=new File("D:"+File.separator+"mytest.txt");		
		//声明对象输出流
		ObjectOutputStream objectOutputStream=null;
		OutputStream outputStream=new FileOutputStream(file);
		objectOutputStream=new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(file));
		objectOutputStream.writeObject(new Person("张三",20));
		objectOutputStream.close();
	}
	
	public static void deser() throws Exception{
		File file=new File("D:"+File.separator+"mytest.txt");	
		//声明对象输入流
		ObjectInputStream objectInputStream=null;
		InputStream inputStream=new FileInputStream(file);
		objectInputStream=new ObjectInputStream(inputStream);
		Object object=objectInputStream.readObject();
		objectInputStream.close();
		System.out.println(object);
		
	}

}

16.序列化一组对象（数组对象化）

class Person implements Externalizable {
	private static final long serialVersionUID=1L;
	private String name;
	private int age;
	//需要定义一个无参构造方法，否则反序列化的时候会报错
	public Person() {}
	
	public Person(String name,int age) {
		this.name=name;
		this.age=age;
	}
	
	public String toString() {
		return "姓名："+this.name+" 年龄："+this.age;
	}

	@Override
	public void writeExternal(ObjectOutput out) throws IOException {
		out.writeObject(this.name);;
		out.writeInt(this.age);
		
	}

	@Override
	public void readExternal(ObjectInput in) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
		this.name=(String) in.readObject();
		this.age=in.readInt();
		
	}
	
}

public class SerialDemo{
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		Person persons[]= {new Person("张三",30),new Person("李四",24),new Person("王五",34)};
		ser(persons);
		Object object[]=(Object[])deser();
		for (Object testObj : object) {
			System.out.println(testObj);
		}
		
		
	}
	
	public static void ser(Object obj) throws Exception{
		File file=new File("D:"+File.separator+"mytest.txt");		
		//声明对象输出流
		ObjectOutputStream objectOutputStream=null;
		OutputStream outputStream=new FileOutputStream(file);
		objectOutputStream=new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(file));
		objectOutputStream.writeObject(obj);
		objectOutputStream.close();
	}
	
	public static Object[] deser() throws Exception{
		File file=new File("D:"+File.separator+"mytest.txt");	
		//声明对象输入流
		ObjectInputStream objectInputStream=null;
		InputStream inputStream=new FileInputStream(file);
		objectInputStream=new ObjectInputStream(inputStream);
		Object object[]=(Object[])objectInputStream.readObject();
		objectInputStream.close();
		//System.out.println(object);
		return object;	
	}
}

16.IO总结收尾：一个利用io做的简单的投票程序

class Student implements Comparable<Student>{
	private int stuNo;
	private String name;
	private int vote;
	public Student(int stuNo, String name, int vote) {
		this.stuNo = stuNo;
		this.name = name;
		this.vote = vote;
	}
	public int getStuNo() {
		return stuNo;
	}
	public void setStuNo(int stuNo) {
		this.stuNo = stuNo;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public int getVote() {
		return vote;
	}
	public void setVote(int vote) {
		this.vote = vote;
	}
	@Override
	public int compareTo(Student o) {
		if (this.vote<o.vote) {
			return 1;
		}else if (this.vote>o.vote) {
			return -1;
		}
		return 0;
	}
	
}

class Operate{
	private Student student[]= {new Student(1, "张三", 0),new Student(2, "李四", 0),new Student(3,"王五", 0),new Student(4, "赵六", 0)};
	private boolean flag=true;
	public Operate() {
		this.printInfo();//先输出候选人信息
		while (flag) {
			this.vote();
		}
		this.printInfo();//输出候选人投票后的信息
		this.getResult();
	}
	
	private void getResult() {
		Arrays.sort(this.student);
		System.out.println("投票最终结果："+this.student[0].getName()+"同学最终以："+this.student[0].getVote()+"票当选");
	}
	public void printInfo() {
		for (int i = 0; i < student.length; i++) {
			System.out.println(this.student[i].getStuNo()+":"
					+this.student[i].getName()
					+this.student[i].getVote());
		}
	}
	public void vote() {
		InputData input=new InputData();
		int num=input.getInt("请输入班长候选人代号（数字）：", "此选票无效，请输入正确的候选人代号");
		switch (num) {
		case 0:
			this.flag=false;
			break;
		case 1:
			this.student[0].setVote(this.student[0].getVote()+1);
			break;
		case 2:
			this.student[1].setVote(this.student[1].getVote()+1);
			break;
		case 3:
			this.student[2].setVote(this.student[2].getVote()+1);
			break;
		case 4:
			this.student[3].setVote(this.student[3].getVote()+1);
			break;
		default:
			System.out.println("此选票无效，请输入争取的候选人代号");
			break;
		}
	}
}

class InputData{
	private BufferedReader bufferedReader=null;
	public InputData() {
		this.bufferedReader=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
	}
	public String getString(String info) {
		String temp=null;
		System.out.println(info);
		try {
			temp=this.bufferedReader.readLine();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return temp;
		
	}
	public int getInt(String info,String string) {
		int temp=0;
		String str=null;
		boolean flag=true;
		while (flag) {
			str=this.getString(info);
			if (str.matches("\\d+")) {
				temp=Integer.parseInt(str);
				flag=false;
			}else {
				System.out.println(string);
			}
			
		}
		return temp;
		
	}
}

public class Vote {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		new Operate();
	}

}