Anaconda快速安装TensorFlow和Keras

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已于 2023-02-08 17:53:57 修改

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文章标签： tensorflow keras 深度学习

于 2023-02-08 17:46:02 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43811893/article/details/128939771

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该文介绍了如何在Anaconda环境中安装TensorFlow和Keras，然后利用Keras构建了一个基于LSTM的注意力机制模型，用于MNIST手写数字识别。模型包含dropout层以减少过拟合，并进行了训练和测试，展示了训练和测试的损失及准确性。

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安装TensorFlow

#展示anaconda中所有的环境
conda env list
#选择TensorFlow安装在哪个环境
conda activate 环境名称
#安装TensorFlow
pip install tensorflow -i https://pypi.douban.com/simple

这里推荐pip安装，其他方式安装有时会报错

安装Keras

从anaconda包列表中直接安装
在这里插入图片描述

测试代码

在Spyder中进行运行

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Wed Feb  8 17:26:25 2023

@author: hczhu
"""

# mnist attention
import numpy as np
np.random.seed(1337)
from keras.datasets import mnist
from keras.utils import np_utils
from keras.layers import *
from keras.models import *
from keras.optimizers import Adam

TIME_STEPS = 28
INPUT_DIM = 28
lstm_units = 64

# data pre-processing
(X_train, y_train), (X_test, y_test) = mnist.load_data('mnist.npz')
X_train = X_train.reshape(-1, 28, 28) / 255.
X_test = X_test.reshape(-1, 28, 28) / 255.
y_train = np_utils.to_categorical(y_train, num_classes=10)
y_test = np_utils.to_categorical(y_test, num_classes=10)
print('X_train shape:', X_train.shape)
print('X_test shape:', X_test.shape)

# first way attention
def attention_3d_block(inputs):
    #input_dim = int(inputs.shape[2])
    a = Permute((2, 1))(inputs)
    a = Dense(TIME_STEPS, activation='softmax')(a)
    a_probs = Permute((2, 1), name='attention_vec')(a)
    #output_attention_mul = merge([inputs, a_probs], name='attention_mul', mode='mul')
    output_attention_mul = multiply([inputs, a_probs], name='attention_mul')
    return output_attention_mul

# build RNN model with attention
inputs = Input(shape=(TIME_STEPS, INPUT_DIM))
drop1 = Dropout(0.3)(inputs)
lstm_out = Bidirectional(LSTM(lstm_units, return_sequences=True), name='bilstm')(drop1)
attention_mul = attention_3d_block(lstm_out)
attention_flatten = Flatten()(attention_mul)
drop2 = Dropout(0.3)(attention_flatten)
output = Dense(10, activation='sigmoid')(drop2)
model = Model(inputs=inputs, outputs=output)

# second way attention
# inputs = Input(shape=(TIME_STEPS, INPUT_DIM))
# units = 32
# activations = LSTM(units, return_sequences=True, name='lstm_layer')(inputs)
#
# attention = Dense(1, activation='tanh')(activations)
# attention = Flatten()(attention)
# attention = Activation('softmax')(attention)
# attention = RepeatVector(units)(attention)
# attention = Permute([2, 1], name='attention_vec')(attention)
# attention_mul = merge([activations, attention], mode='mul', name='attention_mul')
# out_attention_mul = Flatten()(attention_mul)
# output = Dense(10, activation='sigmoid')(out_attention_mul)
# model = Model(inputs=inputs, outputs=output)

model.compile(optimizer='adam', loss='categorical_crossentropy', metrics=['accuracy'])
print(model.summary())

print('Training------------')
model.fit(X_train, y_train, epochs=10, batch_size=16)

print('Testing--------------')
loss, accuracy = model.evaluate(X_test, y_test)

print('test loss:', loss)
print('test accuracy:', accuracy)