RocketMq的安装及代码简单用法介绍

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已于 2024-06-28 15:57:02 修改

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分类专栏： java 文章标签： java sql http

于 2021-11-26 09:51:38 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43830264/article/details/121552980

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本文详细介绍了RocketMQ的使用方法，包括生产者如何同步、异步发送消息，以及消费者如何注册监听并消费消息。示例代码展示了DefaultMQProducer和DefaultMQPushConsumer的配置与操作，涉及消息发送的多种模式。

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RocketMq用法
引入jar包

<dependency>
			<groupId>org.apache.rocketmq</groupId>
			<artifactId>rocketmq-client</artifactId>
			<version>4.7.0</version>
		</dependency>

//生产值代码块
public class RocketMqProducer {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            DefaultMQProducer producer = new DefaultMQProducer("order_Producer");
            producer.setNamesrvAddr("ip");
            producer.start();

            for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++) {
                //主题、标签、值、内容
                Message msg = new Message("TopicOrderTest", "order_1", "KEY" + i, ("消息内容： " + i).getBytes());

                SendResult sendResult = producer.send(msg, (List<MessageQueue> mqs, Message message, Object arg)->  {

                        Integer id = (Integer) arg;
                        int index = id % mqs.size();
                        return mqs.get(index);

                }, 0);

                System.out.println(sendResult);
            }

            producer.shutdown();
        } catch (MQClientException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (RemotingException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (MQBrokerException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 同步发送消息返回消息结果
     * @throws Exception
     */
    private void sendResultMessage() throws Exception{
        DefaultMQProducer producer = new DefaultMQProducer("test");
        producer.start();
        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
            Message msg = new Message("TopicTest" /* Topic */,
                    "TagA" /* Tag */,
                    ("Hello RocketMQ " +
                            i).getBytes(RemotingHelper.DEFAULT_CHARSET) /* Message body */
            );
            //Call send message to deliver message to one of brokers.
            SendResult sendResult = producer.send(msg);
            System.out.printf("%s%n", sendResult);
        }
        //Shut down once the producer instance is not longer in use.
        producer.shutdown();
    }

    /**
     * 异步发送消息
     * @throws MQClientException
     * @throws InterruptedException
     * @throws UnsupportedEncodingException
     */
    private void sendMessage()throws MQClientException, InterruptedException, UnsupportedEncodingException {

            DefaultMQProducer producer = new DefaultMQProducer("Jodie_Daily_test");
            producer.start();
            producer.setRetryTimesWhenSendAsyncFailed(0);

            for (int i = 0; i < 10000000; i++) {
                try {
                    final int index = i;
                    Message msg = new Message("Jodie_topic_1023",
                            "TagA",
                            "OrderID188",
                            "Hello world".getBytes(RemotingHelper.DEFAULT_CHARSET));
                    //重点在这里 异步发送回调
                    producer.send(msg, new SendCallback() {
                        @Override
                        public void onSuccess(SendResult sendResult) {
                            System.out.printf("%-10d OK %s %n", index, sendResult.getMsgId());
                        }

                        @Override
                        public void onException(Throwable e) {
                            System.out.printf("%-10d Exception %s %n", index, e);
                            e.printStackTrace();
                        }
                    });
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            producer.shutdown();
    }


    /**
     * 单向发送日志消息
     */
    private void sendOnewayMessage() throws Exception {
        DefaultMQProducer producer = new DefaultMQProducer("Test");
        producer.start();
        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
            //Create a message instance, specifying topic, tag and message body.
            Message msg = new Message("TopicTest" /* Topic */,
                    "TagA" /* Tag */,
                    ("Hello RocketMQ " +
                            i).getBytes(RemotingHelper.DEFAULT_CHARSET) /* Message body */
            );
            //Call send message to deliver message to one of brokers.
            producer.sendOneway(msg);

        }
        //Shut down once the producer instance is not longer in use.
        producer.shutdown();
    }



}

//消费者代码块
public class RocketMqConsumer{
//分组名
String producerGroup = "";
//ip地址
String nameServerAddress = "";
 // 实例消息的生产者，然后通过构造方法制定其组
        DefaultMQPushConsumer defaultMqPushConsumer = new DefaultMQPushConsumer();
        defaultMqPushConsumer.setConsumerGroup(producerGroup);
         //设置nameServer的地址 
        defaultMqPushConsumer.setNamesrvAddr(nameServerAddress);
        /**
         * 设置Consumer第一次启动是从队列头部开始消费还是队列尾部开始消费<br>
         * 如果非第一次启动，那么按照上次消费的位置继续消费
         */
        defaultMqPushConsumer.setConsumeFromWhere(ConsumeFromWhere.CONSUME_FROM_FIRST_OFFSET);
        //当分组为指定一个分组时 全组tag为一个值，这样才能正常接收到消息defaultMqPushConsumer.subscribe("toipc","*");
        //当分组和订阅为一一对应时，可以订阅不同的tag，但是当方法重启时，会创建一个新的消费者，那么所有的任务又会重新消费一次
        defaultMqPushConsumer.subscribe("toipc","tag");
        System.out.println("开始接受消息==========================");
        defaultMqPushConsumer.registerMessageListener(new MessageListenerOrderly() {
            @Override
            public ConsumeOrderlyStatus consumeMessage(List<MessageExt> msgs, ConsumeOrderlyContext context) {
                // 设置自动提交
                context.setAutoCommit(true);
                for (MessageExt msg : msgs) {
 
                    Thread t0 = new Thread(() -> {
                       //自己的业务处理代码
                        System.out.println("receive msg:" + new String(msg.getBody()));
                    });
                    t0.start();
                    System.out.println(new String(msg.getBody()));
                }
                return ConsumeOrderlyStatus.SUCCESS;
            }

        });
        defaultMqPushConsumer.start();
        return defaultMqPushConsumer;
    }
}

linux 安装rocketmq (5.6不执行也可)
（1）apt install unzip
（2）unzip rocketmq-all-5.2.0-source-release.zip
（3）cd rocketmq-all-5.2.0-source-release/
（4）mvn -Prelease-all -DskipTests -Dspotbugs.skip=true clean install -U
（5）配置环境变量
vim /ect/profile
export ROCKETMQ_HOME=/root/data/rocketmq-all-5.2.0/distribution/target/rocketmq-5.2.0/rocketmq-5.2.0
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin: $ROCKETMQ_HOME/bin:$ PATH
（6）配置生效
source /etc/profile
（7）修改服务器内存
vim distribution/target/rocketmq-5.2.0/rocketmq-5.2.0/bin/tools.sh
vim distribution/target/rocketmq-5.2.0/rocketmq-5.2.0/bin/runbroker.sh
vim distribution/target/rocketmq-5.2.0/rocketmq-5.2.0/bin/runserver.sh
将JAVA_OPT中的内存改成256m
（8）启动NameServer
cd distribution/target/rocketmq-5.2.0/rocketmq-5.2.0
nohup sh bin/mqnamesrv &
tail -f ~/logs/rocketmqlogs/namesrv.log
（9）启动Broker
nohup sh bin/mqbroker –n localhost:9876 &
tail -f ~/logs/rocketmqlogs/broker.log
（10）关闭服务
sh bin/mqshutdown broker
sh bin/mqshutdown namesrv
在这里插入图片描述

安装可视化界面
1、下载地址：https://github.com/apache/rocketmq-dashboard
2、修改bootstrap.yml配置文件的的地址为自己服务器地址
3、在mq文件夹下执行 mvn clean install -Dmaven.test.skip=true (可能会报错，我执行了三次才成功)
4、将生成的jar包上传服务器并启动 nohup java -jar /rocketmq-dashboard-1.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar > rocket.log 2>&1 &
5、启动成功后访问 ip:8081 (此处我改为8081，可根据自己需求修改)

在这里插入图片描述

遇到的问题：
第一个问题如下图所示：执行 mvn clean install -Dmaven.test.skip=true 报错。不管直接再次执行成功

第二个问题，broker启动后报连接错误
broker日志报错org.apache.rocketmq.remoting.exception.RemotingConnectException: connect to null failed

在broker.conf 配置文件中添加最后两行信息
brokerClusterName = DefaultCluster
brokerName = broker-a
brokerId = 0
deleteWhen = 04
fileReservedTime = 48
brokerRole = ASYNC_MASTER
flushDiskType = ASYNC_FLUSH
namesrvAddr = 你的IP:9876
brokerIP1 = 你的IP

保存后指定配置文件启动
nohup sh bin/mqbroker –n 116.205.237.227:9876 -c conf/broker.conf &